Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

lange

Entry preview:

</b> of time, for or during a long time. of continued action Gif se láreów hié gemyndgað ðára weligera ðe lange striéndon and lytle hwíle brucon si eorum ad medium memoria deducatur, qui et ditari in hoc mundo diu conati sunt, et tamen in adeptis

æfter

(prep.; adv.)

among, through, along ⬩ (pursuit, search, inquiry, &c.)

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Ðá gesáwon wé men æfter ðǽre eá féran vidimus hostes per medium amnem praetervehi, Nar. 11, 18. Hí hine drógan æfter dǽm stánum on ðǽre eorðan, Shrn. 74, 31. Andlang ðǽre rinde oþ ðone helm, and siððan æfter ðám bogum, Bt. 34, 10; F. 150, 3.

treów

(n.)
Grammar
treów, es; n.

a tree ⬩ a material ⬩ wood ⬩ trees ⬩ a wood ⬩ roof-tree ⬩ saddle-tree ⬩ a piece of wood ⬩ a beam ⬩ log ⬩ stake ⬩ staff ⬩ cudgel ⬩ gallows-tree ⬩ tree used of the cross

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M. 156, 5) ðæs hálgan Cristes mǽles spónas nimaþ, 3, 2; S. 524, 30. in a collective sense, trees, a wood Ðá behídde Adam hyne on middan ðam treówe neorxena wanges Adam hid himself among the trees of the garden; in medio ligni paradisi, Gen. 3, 8.

Linked entries: tréu trýw treó

fæder

a parent ⬩ a step-father ⬩ forefather ⬩ fathers ⬩ ancestors ⬩ father ⬩ a god-father ⬩ a patron

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Nǽfre ácennede from fæder ne from méder, Bl. H. 93, 28. Ic fare tó mínum fæder (feder, L.) and ic secge him: ' Eálá fæder (fader, L.), ' Lk. 15, 18. Cwæð se yldra tó his fæder (fæder, L., feder, R.): 'Fæder, ' 12.

gímen

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Godes engel beheád him þæt [hé] sceolde habban gýmene ǽgðer ge ðǽre méder ge þæs cildes, Hml. Th. i. 196, 19. Hé ne forlǽte ðá giémenne hira úterran ðearfe exterioris vitae providentiam non relinquat Past. 137, 13.

duguþ

(n.)
Grammar
duguþ, dugoþ, e; f. [dugan vălēre] .

multitude, troops, army, people, men, attendants, the nobles, nobility, the heavenly host ⬩ cōpiæ, exercĭtus, pŏpŭlus, hŏmĭnes, comĭtātus, prŏcĕres, mīlĭtia cœlestis ⬩ majesty, glory, magnificence, power, virtue, excellence, ornament ⬩ majestas, magnificentia, potentia, virtus, dĕcus ⬩ advantage, gain, good, happiness, prosperity, riches, blessings, salvation ⬩ commŏdum, lucrum, bŏnum, prospĕrĭtas, divĭtiæ, ŏpes, sălus ⬩ benefit, gift ⬩ benefĭcium, mūnus, dōnum ⬩ that which is seemly, suitable, seemliness ⬩ dĕcōrum

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Ger. an dero tugende in vĭrīli ætāte, tugent, daz ist die metilscaft des menniskinen alteris vīres, hoc est mĕdia vĭrīlis ætas, Graff's Sprch. v. 372] Todǽlan duguþe and geógoþe to distribute to old and young, Andr. Kmbl. 304; An. 152.

nemnan

(v.)
Grammar
nemnan, nemnian; p. nemde.

to name ⬩ give a name to a person or thing ⬩ to use such and such a name or title in speaking of a person or thing ⬩ to call upon the name of ⬩ address by name ⬩ to invoke ⬩ to mention by name ⬩ to mention ⬩ relate ⬩ to name ⬩ nominate

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Ðéh ðe gewrito oft nemnen eal ða lond Méðia, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 10, 24. Ðeáh mon anweald and genyht tó twǽm þingum nemne ðeáh hit is án though power and abundance be spoken of as two things, yet are they one, Bt. 33. 1; Fox 120, 21.

Linked entries: a-nemnan namnian

lác

(n.)
Grammar
lác, generally neuter, but occasionally feminine
  • [v. Shrn. pp. 3-4],
or masculine, as in the compound lyb-lác q. v.

battle ⬩ struggle ⬩ an offering ⬩ sacrifice ⬩ oblation ⬩ a gift ⬩ present ⬩ grace ⬩ favour ⬩ service ⬩ a present ⬩ offering of words ⬩ a message ⬩ medicine

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Ðonne onfóþ hí from Gode máran méde ðonne hí from ǽnigum óðrum lácum dón then shall they receive from God greater reward than they do from any other gifts, 45. 34. Him lácum cwémaþ dona adducent, Ps. Th. 72, 10. Lácum, þeódgestreónum, Beo.

Linked entries: freó-lác lácan lǽc

gód

(n.)
Grammar
gód, es; n.
Entry preview:

Ꝥ him ꝥ gód móte tó écum médum gegangan, ꝥ him his freónd æfter gedéþ, Bl. H. 101, 17. Ꝥ heofonlice ríce is geháten eallum þe nú syndan gódes wyrhtan, 111, 12. Þeáh hé gódes hwæt onginne gǽstlíce, Jul. 397: Met. 9, 62.

leóht

(n.)
Grammar
leóht, a light.
Entry preview:

Add: light. the medium of visual perception generally; the condition of space in which light is present Leóht hafað híw and hád Háliges Gástes, Sal. 408. Æt sunnan setlgange . . .nǽnig leóht ne æteóweþ, BI. H. 93, 17.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

fram

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indicating a place where action is originated, while the originator is fixed there :-- Fram hám gefrægn Higeláces þegen Grendles dǽda, B. 194. (12) indicating a person as a source from which comes or is obtained something :-- Onfóþ hí from Gode máran méde

ge-sellan

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Hé cwæþ ꝥ hé eall ꝥ gód ꝥ hé mihte for méde þislicre fremsumnesse gesyllan wolde, Bd. 2, 12 ; Sch. 157, 4. to give what may be demanded, pay tribute, tax, fine, compensation, &amp;c.

wíc

(n.)
Grammar
wíc, The word is generally neuter, but as it is often used in the plural where a singular might express the meaning, the similarity of neuter plural and feminine singular accusatives seems to have caused the word to be taken sometimes as feminine, e. g. tó ánre wíc, Homl. Th. i. 402, 22. A weak form also seems to be used, Chart. Th. 446, 29.
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Onmiddan ða wíc in medio castrorum, Ps. Th. 77, 28. Tó ðon ðæt hié on ða úre wíc féohtan ad expugnanda castra, Nar. 21,21. &para; the word occurs in local names, some of which are still found shewing -wich or -wick :-- In Lunden-wíc, L. H.

hefig

ponderous ⬩ dense ⬩ weighty ⬩ important ⬩ grave ⬩ severe ⬩ serious ⬩ deep ⬩ profound ⬩ mist ⬩ fog ⬩ cloud ⬩ slow ⬩ dull ⬩ troublesome ⬩ oppressive ⬩ onerous ⬩ burdensome ⬩ oppressive ⬩ grievous ⬩ difficult ⬩ laborious ⬩ toilsome ⬩ overpowering ⬩ weariness

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Gebúrgerihta sýn mislice, gehwár hý sýn hefige (onerose), gehwár medeme (leviores aut medie), Ll. Th. i. 434, 4. Hefigra wíta, Gú. 857. Ðeós landlagu stænt on suman lande, gehwár hit is hefigre (gravior), gehwár leóhtre (levior), Ll. Th. i. 434, 30.

Linked entry: hefe-lic

wíf

(n.)
Grammar
wíf, es; n.

a woman ⬩ a female person ⬩ a being in the form of a woman ⬩ a married woman ⬩ a wife

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Æt his méder ðe wǽre tó ǽwum wífe forgifen his fæder, L. Alf. pol. 42; Th. i. 90, 29. Ðe wíf hæfð uxoratus Wrt. Voc. i. 50, 44. Be ðon ðe mon wíf bycgge, L. In. 31; Th. i. 122, 3.

Linked entry: BRÝD

ge-cýþan

(v.)
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Bt. 14, 2 ; F. 42, 28. to make known the position of an object, enable to find, shew Sæge ús hwæðer ðú hér wite ǽnigne ælþeódigne þe hátte Placidas . . . gif ðú hine ús gecýþest, wé þé willað syllan méde. Hml. S. 30, 253.

Linked entry: cýþan

gildan

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Swétne medo Hnæfe guldon his hægstealdas, Fin. 40. Mé leánum míne gife gyldan, Gen. 413: B. 2636. (l a) with clause :-- Gyld mé mid hyldo, þæt ic þé hneáw ne wæs, Gen. 2823.

wæter

(n.)
Grammar
wæter, es; n. (the word seems to be feminine inon ðisse wætere,
  • Homl. 247, 25
    • ; see also
  • Ps. Th. 17, 11
: and a weak genitive plural wæterena is found in
  • Ps. Th. 31, 7.
)

water ⬩ water ⬩ water in the sky, rain ⬩ water of a river, sea, etc. ⬩ water as in Derwentwater, a body of water, a stream, lake, sea ⬩ waters of a great river, of a sea, etc.

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Kmbl. 401; An. 201. where a considerable volume of water is referred to, water as in Derwentwater, a body of water, a stream, lake, sea --Heó wolde hig þweán æt ðam wættre (in flumine) and hyre médenu eodon be ðæs wæteres ófre (per crepidinem alvei),

gif

Entry preview:

Gyf gé þá lufiað ( diligatis) þe eów lufiað (diligunt ), hwylce méde habbað gé?, Mt. 5, 46: 47. Hú mæg ǽnig man ryhtwíslíce ácsigan, gif hé nán grot rihtwísnesse on him næfþ?, Bt. 35, 1; F. 156, 6 : 7, 2 ; F. 18, 6: Met. 22, 46.

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