Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

be-warian

(v.)

to guard ⬩ protect

Entry preview:

Substitute: to guard one's self against (wiþ) Mon hine bewarige wið ðá leohtmódnesse mentis levitas caveatur, Past. 308, 5. to ward off from þ ú inc bám twam meaht wíte bewarigan, Gen. 563. to guard, protect Hé bewarað (but the Latin word thus glossed

Linked entry: be-warenian

sápe

(n.)
Grammar
sápe, an; f.

Soap, salve

Entry preview:

Þe wreche peoddare more noise he makeð to ȝeien his sope, þen a riche mercer al his deorewurðe ware, A. R. 66, 18. Similar entries (? v. sáp)

Linked entry: sáp

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

wirman

(v.)
Grammar
wirman, p. de

To warm ⬩ make warm

Entry preview:

To warm, make warm Ic wyrme mé calefacio, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Zup. 218, 5. Ic mé wyrme, 222, 1. Ðæt wyrmð and heardaþ ðone magan, Lchdm. ii. 188, 18. Heó mec wǽteþ in wætre, wyrmeþ hwílum tó fýre, Exon. Th. 393, 35; Rá. 13, 10.

Linked entry: wyrman

sǽt

(n.)
Grammar
sǽt, To judge by the former of the two passages given here the word in the latter of them should mean a place of concealment for the hunter where he lies in wait for the game which is driven towards him. Such driving of game is described by the hunter in Ælfric's Colloquy, Th. An. 21, 13-22, 18.
Entry preview:

Sǽte haldan would mean to keep the game from avoiding the ambush into which it was being driven. Cf. ge-sǽte

ge-hende

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-hende, adj.

Neighbouring ⬩ next ⬩ vicinus

Entry preview:

Ðæt hý ðǽr, gehendaste wǽron on gehwylc land ðanon to winnanne that they there should be most handy for waging war thence on every land, Ors. 3, 7; Bos. 61, 5

wíg-trod

(n.)
Grammar
wíg-trod, (?), es; n. : -trodu (? v. wíg-rád), e; f.

A war-track ⬩ the road along which an army has passed

Entry preview:

A war-track, the road along which an army has passed Wítrod ( = wígtrod) gefeól heáh of heofonum handweorc Godes on to the track where the host of Israel had passed fell from the heavens the lofty walls raised by God's hand (cf. se ágend up árǽrde reáde

Linked entries: wí-trod trod

ge-spelia

Entry preview:

Þ hé (the king) sý on ware and on wearde Crístes gespeliga. Ll. Th. ii. 304, 24. Hé (Gregory) Sanctum Agustinum him tó gespelian funde he provided St. Augustine as a substitute for himself, Lch. iii. 434, 7.

be-tweoh

(prep.)
Grammar
be-tweoh, be-tweohs, be-tweox, be-twih, be-twyh, be-twyx, be-twyxt, be-twuh, be-twuht, be-twux, be-twuxt, be-tuh, be-tux; prep. dat. acc. [be by, with; twi, twihs, tweox, twux duo]

Between, BETWIXT, among, amid, in the midst ⬩ inter, in medio

Entry preview:

Betwuxt ðám warum among their wares [merchandise], Nat. S. Greg. Els. 11, 14.

Linked entries: be-tweohnum be-tuh be-tweohs be-tweox betwih-licgan be-twuh be-twuht be-twux be-twuxt be-twyh be-twyxt

CARR

(n.)
Grammar
CARR, es; m.
Entry preview:

War. l, 42. Ðæt wæs geheáwen of carre oððe stáne quod erat excisum de petra, Mk. Skt. Lind. 15, 46. Se ðe gesette da grúndas ofer carr oððe stán qui posuit fundamenta supra petram, Lk. Lind. War. 6, 48: Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 7, 24.

Linked entry: Carrum

be-waden

Grammar
be-waden, be-wadan

to reach ⬩ come upon ⬩ surprise

Entry preview:

Min hord warað híþende feónd . . . bewaden (when surprised ?) féreð, stepped on stíð bord, Rä. 88, 24. Cf. be-faran, -féran, -rídan. Substitute:

atol-lic

Entry preview:

Þeáh ðe hé (the leper)atelic ware, 122, 6. Án atelic sceadu on sweartum híwe, ii. 508, l. Seó sáwel bið atelic þurh leahtras, Hml. S. l, 155. Gesewen on ðám atelican híwe, Hml. Th. i. 336, 35.

hwata

(n.)
Grammar
hwata, an; m.

An augur ⬩ diviner

Entry preview:

An augur, diviner Warna ðé ðæt ðú ne gíme drýcræfta ne swefena ne hwatena nec inveniatur in te, qui ariolos sciscitetur et observet somnia et auguria, Deut. 18, 10

wefl

(n.)
Grammar
wefl, e; wefle (-a ; m.?), an; f.

weft, woof, thread which crosses the warp ⬩ an implement for weaving ⬩ a shuttle (?)

Entry preview:

Wundene mé (a coat of mail) ne beóð wefle (ueflæ, Txts. 151, 5), ne ic wearp hafu the threads of the woof are not twisted for me, nor have I a warp, Exon. Th. 417, 15 ; Rä. 36, 5.

Linked entry: wefta

GÚÞ

(n.)
Grammar
GÚÞ, e; f. [a poetical word]

War, battle, fight ⬩ bellum

Entry preview:

War, battle, fight; bellum Gúþ nimeþ freán eówerne war shall take away your lord, Beo. Th. 5066; B. 2536: 4960; B. 2483: 3320; B. 1658: 2251; B.1123.

a-hleápan

(v.)
Grammar
a-hleápan, p. -hleóp, pl. -hleópon; pp. -hleápen [a from, hleápan to leap]

To leap ⬩ leap up ⬩ exsilire ⬩ insilire ⬩ prosilire ⬩ desilire

Entry preview:

Ahleóp ðá fór hæleðum hilde-calla the herald of war leaped then before the warriors, Cd. 156; Th. 193, 25; Exod. 252 : Andr. Kmbl. 1472; An. 737: 2405; An. 1204: Beo. Th. 2798; B. 1397

Cwénas

(n.)
Grammar
Cwénas, gen. a; pl. m.

The Quaines

Entry preview:

The Quaines sometimes make war on the Northmen over the waste; sometimes the Northmen on them; and there are very large fresh lakes beyond the wastes; and the Quaines carry their boats over land into the lakes, and thence make war on the Northmen.

Linked entry: Cwén-sǽ

cearig

(adj.)
Grammar
cearig, ceareg, ceari; adj. [cearu = care, sorrow]

Careful, sorrowful, pensive, wary, CHARY, anxious, grieving, dire ⬩ sollicitus, cautus, querens, mente turbatus, dirus

Entry preview:

Careful, sorrowful, pensive, wary, CHARY, anxious, grieving, dire; sollicitus, cautus, querens, mente turbatus, dirus Hie bidon hwonne bearn Godes cwóme to cearigum they waited till the child of God should come to the sorrowful, Exon. 10a; Th. 10, 6;

Linked entries: carig ceareg ceari

heaðu-sceared

(adj.)
Grammar
heaðu-sceared, adj.

blade of a sword, ⬩ war-share

Entry preview:

In the former case may not the word be connected with scear [q. v. share in ploughshare] used here of the blade of a sword, heaðo-scear a war-share, blade? and hearde heaðo-scearede = with hard and deadly blades.

hlynnan

(v.)
Grammar
hlynnan, p. ede

To sound, ⬩ make a noise, ⬩ shout

Entry preview:

To sound, make a noise, shout Gúþwudu hlynneþ scyld scefte oncwyþ the war-wood resounds, shield replies to shaft, Fins. Th. ii; Fin. 6. Gársecg hlynede the ocean roared, Andr. Kmbl. 476; An. 238.

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