Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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He [Xersis] hæfde scipa ðæra mycclena dulmúna in M and ii hund he [Xerxes] had one thousand two hundred of the large ships, dulmunus, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 46, 32, 33. v.

ge-beótian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-beótian, p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed [ge-, beotian, II. to boast, vow, promise]

To promise in a boastful manner ⬩ to vow ⬩ glōriōse pollĭcēri

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Wit gebeótedon, ðæt wit on gársecg út aldrum néðdon we two vowed that we would venture our lives out on the ocean, Beo. Th. 1076; B. 536 : 964; B. 480

Linked entry: beótian

ge-cýðnes

(n.)
Grammar
ge-cýðnes, -ness, -nys, -nyss, e; f.

Testimony ⬩ testament ⬩ manifestation ⬩ testimonium ⬩ testamentum

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Nú neálǽceþ ǽgðer ge ðín onwrigennes ge uncer gecýðnes now approaches both the discovery of thee [as false] and the manifestation of us two [as true], Blickl. Homl. 187, 23

un-seht

(adj.)
Grammar
un-seht, adj.

Not in agreement ⬩ in hostility ⬩ at variance

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Florence of Worcester, who says that Edric summoned two Welsh kings to help him and laid waste Hereford.

beó-breád

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Beóbreád is on twám ðingum, on weaxe and on hunie, Hml, Th. ii. 292, 13-15. Werednm beóbreáde dulci favo, Wülck. Gl. 225, 19. Sáwl áfylled trytt beóbreád, Scint. 50, 9: Lch. ii. 126, I. Hé æt huniges beóbreád, Shrn. 68, 31. Biábreád, Ps.

hosu

(n.)
Grammar
hosu, e (an ?); f. (and <b>? hosa,</b> an; m.; but perhaps hosa, Wrt. Voc. i. 81, 48, might be pl., or a mistake for hose (cf. eága for eáge, 70, 42,
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Gyf þú hosa habban wille, þonne stríc þú uppweard on þínum sceancum mid þínum twám handum, Tech. ii. 127, 12. a husk, pod Hose glumulá, An. Ox. 8, 94. Pisan hosa siliqua, Wrt. Voc. ii. 120, 58. See hosa in Dict. v. leþer-hosu, scin-hosu; lǽs-hosum

Linked entry: hosa

lippa

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I. either of the two fleshy structures which form the edges of the mouth: — Hunigswéte reádum andþraciaþ lippan smǽrum mellea (tune) roseis herescunt labia labris, An.

FOLC

(n.)
Grammar
FOLC, es; n. [Folc being a neuter noun, and a monosyllable, has the nom. and acc. pl. the same as the nom. and acc. sing: it is a collective noun in English, and has not the plural form folks but by a modern corruption]

The FOLK ⬩ people ⬩ common people ⬩ multitude ⬩ a people ⬩ tribe ⬩ family ⬩ pŏpŭlus ⬩ gens ⬩ nātio ⬩ vulgus ⬩ plebs ⬩ cīves ⬩ hŏmĭnes ⬩ exercĭtus ⬩ multĭtūdo

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The FOLK, people, common people, multitude, a people, tribe, family; pŏpŭlus, gens, nātio, vulgus, plebs, cīves, hŏmĭnes, exercĭtus, multĭtūdo Twá folc beóþ todǽled, and ðæt folc oferswíþ ðæt óðer folc two nations shall be divided, and the one folk shall

Linked entries: folc-stów ge-folc

F

At the end of syllables, and between two vowels, the Anglo-Saxon f is occasionally represented by u, the present English v; it is, therefore, probable that the Anglo-Saxon f in this position had the sound of our present v, as Luu, luf = lufu love; fíf five; hæuþ, hæfþ haveth; Euen, efen even. In the beginning of Anglo-Saxon words, f had the sound of the English f, as Fíf five, finger finger, finn fin, fisc fish . The Rune ᚠ not only stands for the letter f, but for Feoh, which, in Anglo-Saxon, signifies money, wealth. v. feoh IV and RÚN

Entry preview:

At the end of syllables, and between two vowels, the Anglo-Saxon f is occasionally represented by u, the present English v; it is, therefore, probable that the Anglo-Saxon f in this position had the sound of our present v, as Luu, luf = lufu love; fíf

ge-hwæðer

(pronoun.)
Grammar
ge-hwæðer, pron.

Both ⬩ each ⬩ either ⬩ uterque ⬩ promiscuus

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Gehwæðer incer either of you two, 1173; B. 584. He biþ him self gehwæðer fæder and sunu it is to itself both father and son, Exon. 61 a; Th. 224, 12; Ph. 374. Se willa béga gehwæðres ge . . . ge . . . her will in both respects both . . . and . . .

Linked entry: ge-hwæðeres

yfelsian

(v.)
Grammar
yfelsian, p. ode
Entry preview:

Rush. 10, 36. v. ge-ebolsian, and next word: cf. also, two preceding words, and eoful-sæc

Linked entry: eofulsian

creópan

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D. 228, 10. to walk with crutches Hé árás and mid twám criccum creáp him tó Wynceastre, Hml. S. 21, 101. of humble, abject movement Þá iermingas út of þǽm holan crupon þe heó on lutedan, Ors. 2, 8; S. 92, 30. Uton creópan tó Críste, Wlfst. 166, 38

fleót

(n.)

an estuary

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Binnan twám fliátum sind genemde pirifliát and scipfliót, ðá gesceádad þæt land westan and eástan oð ðæt weallfæsten, C. D. ii. 86, 25. Add

grǽg-hama

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It may be noted that in the passage both birds and armour, two objects of which gellan may be predicated, are mentioned Fugelas singað, gylleð grǽghama, gúðwudu hlynneð, scyld scefte oncwyð

heall

(n.)
Grammar
heall, es; m.

A stone ⬩ rock

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In loco ubi nominatur Hallingas, i. 194, 15 (the last two passages are parts of the same charter). De Heallingan, 264, 11. Hallinga homme, weallan, iii. 389, 7, 19 (the last three occur in the same charter, which refers to Halhagan).

incer

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þurh hincre per uestram (of you two) (doctrinam ), An. Ox. 2, 204. Tó hwon sweriað git mán?

sá

(n.)
Grammar
sá, sán; m.

A tub, pail, vessel

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So, soa a tub with two ears, to carry on a stang, Ray's North-country words. Sao, soe a tub; commonly used for a brewing-tub only, but sometimes for a large tub in which clothes are steeped before washing, E. D. S. Pub.

openlíce

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Gif hwá openlíce lengctenbryce gewyrce, 402, 29. add: clearly to the senses Mid þý þá seó gesomnung eall gehýrde swá openlíce þá stefne, þá næs þǽr nǽnig tweó quas dum aperte voces congregatio audisset, dubium non fuit, Gr. D. 52, 32.

seht

(n.)
Grammar
seht, es ; m. : e ; f.
Entry preview:

a settlement, an agreement, terms arranged between two parties by an umpire, a peace between two powers Se seht ðe Godwine eorl worhte betweónan ðam arcebisceop and ðam híréde æt Sc̃e Augustine, and Leófwine preóste, Chart. Th. 349, 19.

Linked entries: seaht un-seht un-seht sæht saht

sweor

(n.)
Grammar
sweor, swer, swyr, es; m. f.
Entry preview:

Hí héton hine standan betwux twám stǽnenum swerum: on ðám twám swerum stód ðæt hús geworht. And Samson . . . gelǽhte ða sweras, Jud. 16, 25-29. Ðæt gér is underwryðed mid þrím swerum, ða synd ðus gecíged, id. 'and non̄. and kl.

Linked entries: swer swyr

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