Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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GÁST

(n.)
Grammar
GÁST, gǽst, es; m.

the breath ⬩ hālĭtus ⬩ spīrāmen ⬩ the spirit ⬩ soul ⬩ GHOST ⬩ spīrĭtus ⬩ anĭmus ⬩ ănĭma

Entry preview:

Bos. 13, 11 : Lk. Bos. 1, 15, 35 : 2, 25, 26 : Jn. Bos. 20, 22 : Elen. Kmbl. 2287; El. 1145. Se unclǽna gást the unclean spirit, Mt. Bos. 12, 43 : Mk. Bos. 1, 23 : 5, 13 : Lk. Bos. 4, 36 : Elen. Kmbl. 603; El. 302.

Linked entries: góst gaast gǽst gǽst

æðel-boren

(v.; part.)
Grammar
æðel-boren, part.

Noble-born ⬩ free-born ⬩ noble ⬩ natu nobilis ⬩ nobili genere natus ⬩ nobilis

Entry preview:

Bos. 19, 12. Æðelborene cild vel freóbearn liberi, Ælfc. Gl. 91; Wrt. Voc. 51, 67: Apol. Th. 19, 21

Linked entries: æðel- eðel-boren

be-féran

(v.)
Grammar
be-féran, p. de; pp. ed

To go about ⬩ to go round ⬩ surround ⬩ circumire ⬩ circumdare

Entry preview:

Bos. 6, 6. He beférde ðæt Israhélisce folc he surrounded the people of Israel, Ex. 14, 9

Linked entries: bi-fǽrende be-faran

ge-wurde

(v.)
Grammar
ge-wurde, of ge-weorþan.

wast ⬩ hast been

Entry preview:

Kmbl. 1115; An. 558; p. subj. of ge-weorþan: ge-wurdon happened, Ors. 5, 10; Bos. 108, 16. p. pl. ;

beorg

(n.)
Grammar
beorg, beorh, biorg, biorh; gen. beorges; dat. beorge; pl. nom. acc. beorgas; gen. beorga; dat. beorgum; m.

a hill ⬩ mountain ⬩ collis ⬩ mons ⬩ a heap ⬩ BURROW or barrow ⬩ a heap of stones ⬩ place of burial ⬩ tumulus

Entry preview:

Óþ ða beorgas ðe man hǽt Alpis to the mountains which they call the Alps Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 18, 44; 16, 17. Ǽlc múnt and beorh byþ genyðerod omnis mons et collis humiliabitur Lk. Bos. 3, 5.

Linked entries: beorh berg biorg

DELFAN

(v.)
Grammar
DELFAN, ic delfe, ðú delfest, dilfst, he delfeþ, dilfþ, pl. delfaþ; p. ic, he dealf, ðú dulfe, pl. dulfon; subj. delfe, pl. delfen; p. dulfe, pl. dulfen; pp. dolfen; v. a.

To dig, dig out, DELVE ⬩ fŏdĕre, effŏdĕre

Entry preview:

Bos. 16, 3. Ongan he eorþan delfan he began to dig the earth, Elen. Kmbl. 1655; El. 829. Ic delfe fŏdio, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Som. 32, 45. Ðǽr þeófas hit delfaþ ubi fures effŏdiunt, Mt. Bos. 6, 19, 20: Exon. 111 b; Th. 427, 27; Rä. 41, 97.

feorran

(adv.)
Grammar
feorran, feorrane, feorren; adv.

Afar ⬩ far off ⬩ at a distance ⬩ from far ⬩ a longe ⬩ prŏcul ⬩ longe ⬩ e longinquo

Entry preview:

Bos. 26, 58. Feorran, Cd. 89; Th. 110, 10; Gen. 1836

Linked entries: feoran feorren ferran firran feorrane ge-fearrian

for-wandian

(v.)
Grammar
for-wandian, -wandigan; p. ode; pp. od [wandian to fear] .

To reverence ⬩ have in honour ⬩ vĕrĕri ⬩ revĕrĕri ⬩ To be afraid ⬩ be confounded ⬩ hesitate ⬩ confundi ⬩ cuntāri

Entry preview:

Bos. 12, 6: Lk. Bos. 20, 13. v. intrans. To be afraid, be confounded, hesitate; confundi, cuntāri Nellaþ forwandian ðæt hí ne syllon sóþfæstnysse wið sceattum they are not afraid to betray truth for money, Homl. Th. ii. 244, 23.

frum-cenned

(n.; v.; adj.; part.)
Grammar
frum-cenned, -cend; def. se -cenneda; part.

first-begotten ⬩ firstborn ⬩ primogĕnĭtus ⬩ primitive ⬩ primĭtīvus

Entry preview:

Bos. 1. 25: Lk. Bos. 2, 7. Ðe on ðæm lande frumcennede wǽron who were firstborn in the land, Ors. 1, 7; Bos. 30, 5. He ætbræd me míne frumcennedan primogĕnĭta mea tŭlit, Gen. 27, 36.

ge-bídan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-bídan, he -bídeþ, -bít; p. -bád, pl. -bidon; pp. -biden [ge-, bídan to bide, abide]

To abide ⬩ tarry ⬩ remain ⬩ await ⬩ look for ⬩ expect ⬩ meet with ⬩ experience ⬩ endure ⬩ mănēre ⬩ remănēre ⬩ expectāre ⬩ consĕqui ⬩ sustĭnere ⬩ tolĕrāre

Entry preview:

Bos. 26, 38. Dreámleás gebád he continued joyless. Beo. Th. 3445; B. 1720. He gebád ðár sylf remansit sōlus Jēsus, Jn. Bos. 8, 9. Ne mæg feónd gebídan foe may not await him, Exon. 30 a; Th. 93, 23; Cri. 153O.

Linked entry: gebýdan

a-lybban

(v.)
Grammar
a-lybban, p. -lyfde, pl. -lyfdon; pp. -lyfed [a, lybban to live]

To live ⬩ live after ⬩ survive ⬩ vivere ⬩ superesse

Entry preview:

Alyfdon, Ors. 1, 2; Bos. 27, 5

Linked entry: a-lyfaþ

bearn-teám

(n.)
Grammar
bearn-teám, es; m.

A succession of children ⬩ issue ⬩ posterity ⬩ liberorum ordo vel successio ⬩ soboles

Entry preview:

A succession of children, issue, posterity; liberorum ordo vel successio, soboles Ðæt hí to raðe woldon fultumleáse beón æt hiora bearnteámum that they should very soon be without help from posterity, Ors. 1, 14; Bos. 37, 19

Linked entry: teám

axian

(v.)
Grammar
axian, axigan, axigean; p. ode; pp. od

To ask ⬩ interrogare

Entry preview:

To ask; interrogare He axode he asked, Ors. 2, 5 ; Bos. 46, 43. Ic axige me rǽdes consulo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 3 ; Som. 31, 2. Ic axige percunctor [ = percontor ], 25 ; Som. 27, 6: Mt. Foxe 22, 46

Linked entries: axigean axode

el-þeódignes

(n.)
Grammar
el-þeódignes, -þeódines, æl-þeódignes, -ness, -nyss, e; f.

A being or living abroad, pilgrimage ⬩ pĕregrīnātio

Entry preview:

Bos. 21, 33. On elþeódinysse, 25, 14. Elþeódignys oððe eardbegengnes mín afeorrad oððe gelængd is incŏlātus meus prōlongātus est, Ps. Lamb. 119, 5

forþ-feran

(v.)
Grammar
forþ-feran, p. de; pp. ed.

To go forth ⬩ depart ⬩ die ⬩ decēdĕre ⬩ defungi ⬩ mŏri ⬩ expīrāre

Entry preview:

Bos. 15, 37. Forþferde ðæt wíf mŭlier defuncta est, Mt. Bos. 22, 27: Lk. Bos. 16, 22: Bd. 3, 29; S. 561, 17: 4, 11; S. 579, 14; 580, 3: Chr. 101; Erl. 9, 10: 534; Erl. 14, 32: 544; Erl. 17, 5.

ge-trúwian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-trúwian, p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed.

to trust ⬩ hope ⬩ confidere ⬩ sperare ⬩ to make a treaty ⬩ sancire

Entry preview:

Bos. 10, 24. He getrúwade ðæt he hine beswícan mihte he trusted that he could circumvent him, Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 45, 10: 4, 1; Bos. 78, 44.

Crist

(n.)
Grammar
Crist, Krist, es; m.

CHRIST ⬩ Christus

Entry preview:

Bos. 1, 16. Crist wæs acenned, Hǽlend geháten Christ was born, called Jesus [Saviour] Menol. Fox 1-7. Hér is on cneórisse bóc Hǽlendes Cristes liber generationis Iesu Christi Mt. Bos. 1, 1.

Linked entry: Cristes bóc

bysmrung

(n.)
Grammar
bysmrung, bysmerung, e; f. [bismer, bysmer infamy, blasphemy]
Entry preview:

Bos. 3, 28

Linked entries: bysmerung bismerung

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

He [Xersis] hæfde scipa ðæra mycclena dulmúna in M and ii hund he [Xerxes] had one thousand two hundred of the large ships, dulmunus, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 46, 32, 33. v.

feówer-féte

(adj.)
Grammar
feówer-féte, fiówer-féte, fiér-féte, fiðer-féte, fyðer-féte, -fóte, -fótte; adj.

Four-footed ⬩ quadrŭpes

Entry preview:

Ǽlces cynnes feówerfétes feós án one of each kind of four-footed cattle, Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 43, 15. Hí sceoldon [MS: sceoldan] bringan feówerfétes twá hwíte of four-footed [cattle] they must bring two white, 2, 4; Bos. 43, 8.

Linked entries: feðer-fóte fiér-féte fiówer-féte fiðer-féte fyðer-féte

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