Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

gnornan

(v.)
Grammar
gnornan, gnornian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od

To grieve ⬩ mourn ⬩ be sad ⬩ bewail ⬩ lament ⬩ mœrere

Entry preview:

To grieve, mourn, be sad, bewail, lament; mœrere Ic gnornige mereo, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 36, 49: Ps. Th. 54, 2. Ic cúþlíce wát for hwon ðú gnornast scio certissime quare mæres, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 42. Gnornaþ he grieves, Exon. 82 b; Th. 311, 14; Seef. 92

streng

(n.)
Grammar
streng, es; m.
Entry preview:

a string, cord, rope Ráp vel strenc funiculus, modicus funus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 151, 67. Strengas vel bendas lora136, 77. Hé worhte swipan of strengon ( de funiculis), Jn. Skt. 2, 15. a string of a musical instrument Streng fidis. Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 54. On

wraþu

(n.; adv.)
Grammar
wraþu, e; f.

A prop ⬩ stay ⬩ support ⬩ support ⬩ assistance

Entry preview:

A prop, stay, support Wraþe fulcimentum, i. adminiculum, Wülck. Gl. 245, 27. literal Se biscop hine onhylde tó ánre ðæra studa ðe útan tó ðære cyrican geseted wæs ðære cyricean tó wraþe (pro munimine), Bd. 3, 17; S. 543, 40. Ðam wáge tó wræþe in munimentum

cræftig

(adj.)
Grammar
cræftig, adj.

Ingenious ⬩ skilful ⬩ CRAFTY ⬩ cunning ⬩ virtuous ⬩ powerful ⬩ ingeniosus ⬩ peritus ⬩ astutus ⬩ probus ⬩ potens

Entry preview:

Ingenious, skilful, CRAFTY, cunning, virtuous, powerful; ingeniosus, peritus, astutus, probus, potens Sum biþ fugelbona hafeces cræftig one is a fowler skilful with the hawk Exon. 79 b; Th. 298, 6; Crä. 81: 97a; Th. 361, 24; Wal. 24; Ps. C. 50, 11; Ps

tirgan

(v.)
Grammar
tirgan, tirwian, tirigan, tirian; p. tirgde, tirwede, tirigde

To vex, ⬩ irritate, ⬩ provoke ⬩ exasperate

Entry preview:

To vex, irritate, provoke, exasperate Ic tyrige lacesso, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 1; Zup. 165, 12. Tirhþ inridet, Kent. Gl. 508. Tyrweþ improperabit, Ps. Lamb. 73, 10. Ða tredaþ ðec and tergaþ, and hyra torn wrecaþ, Exon.Th. 119, 23; Gú. 259. Ða ðe tyrwiaþ qui

Linked entries: tergan tirian tirwian tyrgan tyrian tyrwian

staca

(n.)
Grammar
staca, an; m.

A stake

Entry preview:

A stake Nygon fét of ðam stacan tó ðære mearce, L. Ath. iv. 7; Th. i. 226, 12. Ðǽr his bróðor heáfod stód on stacangefæstnod, Homl. Skt. ii. 26, 166. Wrí ðysne circul on ánum mealan stán on uppan ðam stacan, Lchdm. i. 395, 3-5. Mon hæfde ða burg mid

Linked entry: stacung

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

worþ

(n.)
Grammar
worþ, weorþ, wurþ, wierþ, wyrþ, e; f; es; m. : wyrþe, wirþe
Similar entries
(v. wyrþe-land, and first extract under I),
es; m.

a close ⬩ an enclosed place ⬩ an enclosed homestead ⬩ a habitation with surrounding land ⬩ land ⬩ a place enclosed by buildings ⬩ a court ⬩ hall ⬩ a place ⬩ street

Entry preview:

a close (?), an enclosed place (?) Út on rigewyrðe (the rye-close ?) westeweardne, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 437, 35. Uppan rigeweorðe on ða ealdan díc; of ðære die út on rigewurðe heal, v. 377, 21. On lindwyrðe, iii. 375, 6. an enclosed homestead, a habitation

Linked entries: ryge weorþ

á-lífan

(v.)
Grammar
á-lífan, (-lýfan, q. v.
Entry preview:

in Dict.). to permit Álýfde concessit, i. permisii, concedit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 136, 9. to permit a person (dat. ) to do something Þæt hié him ǽlce geáre gesealden swá fela talentena swá hié him þonne áliéfden that they should pay them each year as many

Linked entries: a-léfan á-lýfan

glædnes

Entry preview:

Add: the state or feeling of being glad. v. glæd; 1 Syndon eahta heálice mægnu . . . glædnes ( laetitia, cf. Hml. S. 16, 345) and ánrǽdnys (the opposites of unrótnys and ásolcennys), Wlfst. 69, 1 Ꝥte glædnise (gaudium ) mín in iúch sié, Jn. L. 15, 11

hleahtor

a laugh

Entry preview:

Add: the action of laughing. as an expression of joy, merriment Plega and hleahtor . . . þǽr wigan sittað on beórsele blíðe ætsomne, Rún. 14. Hlehter (risus) eówer on heófunge byþ gehworfen and bliss on gnornunge, Scint. 171, 6. Hlehter sáre byð gemincged

Linked entry: hleahtrian

hwít

Entry preview:

Add: simply of colour, white Hwít byssina, Candida, Wrt. Voc. ii. 126, 32 ; bysina, 87, 55 : candens (lilium ) An. Ox. 5249. Ic gean mínon feder . . . ðes hwítan horses ðe Leófwine mé geaf, C. D. iii. 362, 18. Þá leáf beóþ hwítran, Lch. i. 278, 15. Hægl

gift

(n.)
Grammar
gift, gyft, e; f.

a gift; as a technical term ⬩ the amount to be given by a suitor in consideration of receiving a woman to wife ⬩ marriage ⬩ nuptiæ

Entry preview:

a gift; as a technical term, the amount to be given by a suitor in consideration of receiving a woman to wife Gif mon wíf gebycgge and sió gyft forþ ne cume if a man buy a wife and the sum agreed upon be not forthcoming, L. In. 31; Th. i. 122, 5. See

Linked entries: a-gift gyfl gyft hand-gift giftu

fédan

(v.)

to suckle ⬩ nurse ⬩ to feed up ⬩ fatten ⬩ to support ⬩ maintain ⬩ nurture ⬩ educate ⬩ foster ⬩ to nourish ⬩ sustain ⬩ to bring forth ⬩ To graze

Entry preview:

Add: of living creatures. to give food to (lit. or fig.) Gif hié mon ongemang ðǽre ðreátunga fét mid sumere heringe, Past. 303, 1. Wiþ feóndseócum men, þonne deófol þone monnan féde oððe hine innan gewealde mid ádle, Lch. ii. 136, 25. His mæ-acute;gas

Linked entry: fóster

íg

(n.)
Grammar
íg, [Besides íg there seems to be a form íge; m. e. g. on Meldaníge eástewerdne, C. D. v. 303, 2. Of eallum Lindesíge (v. Lindes), Bd. 3, 11; Sch. 237, 10. In insula quae dicitur Seolesíge, C. D. v. 41, 27: 52, 10. Moreover there are instances of íg in the accusative, e. g. Wið-westan hunddes-íg (cf. tó hu[u]ddes-íge, 5), C. D. v. 298, 7. On swannes-íg, vi. 108, I : such forms seem to belong neither to íg; f. nor to íge; m., jó-, ja- stems respectively.]
Entry preview:

The word occurs in place-names Locum qui apud Anglos nuncupatur Ceroteég, id est Cirotis insula,C. D. ii. 122, 27. Hengestes-íg, v. 401, 26. On Beferíge; ðonne on Fyrsíge, 300, 17. On meldaníge . . . tó Ceólesíge, 303, 2-3. Ðis sind ðá landgemǽra tó Gósíge

cræft

Entry preview:

Dele ' a craft, kind of ship; navis qualiscunque,' and add under Mid eallum Créca cræftum universam Graeciae lectam juventutem, Ors. 1, 10; S. 46, 31. Under <b>II :-- </b>Hé leornode sumne cræft þe hine áfét, Hml. Th. ii. 556, 32. Under &

ge-feallan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: intrans. to fall from a higher to a lower position Ofer þæne þe hé gefylþ super quem ceciderit, An. Ox. 61, 28. Þá tó heofenum ástígað, nyðer gefeallað under neowulne grund ( descendant usque ad abyssos ), Ps. Th. 106, 25: Cri. 1532. Hié hine forlétan

hrægl

Entry preview:

Add: a garment, vestment Þynwefen hrægl levidensis (vestis ), Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 17. Hrægl peplum, An. Ox. 18 b, 74. Ðæt hrægl superhumerale, Past. 83, 22. Sceolde beón áwriten sió racu ðæs dómes on ðǽm hrægle ðe mon hǽt rationale . . . On ðǽm selfan

þolian

(v.)
Grammar
þolian, p. ode
Entry preview:

To thole (still used in some dialects), suffer, endure. to suffer what is evil, punishment, reproach, illness, grief, etc. Hwílon forlidenesse ic þolie aliquando naufragium patior, Coll. Monast. Th. 27, 1. Þolige, Exon. Th. 499, 18; Rä. 88, 17. Hé þreánýd

CENNAN

(v.)
Grammar
CENNAN, cænnan. cynnan; -nende; de; ed; v. trans.

to beget, conceive, create, bring forth ⬩ gignere, creare, facere, parere ⬩ to bring forth from the mind , to declare, choose, ascribe, clear, prove ⬩ advocare, confiteri, adscribere, purgare, manifestare

Entry preview:

to beget, conceive, create, bring forth; gignere, creare, facere, parere Ic to-dæg cende ðé ego hodie genui te, Ps. Spl. 2, 7. Sceal, ic nú eald wíf, cennan shall I, now an old woman, conceive? Gen. 18, 13. Iob sunu Waldendes freónoman cende Job gave

Linked entries: a-cennan cynnan cennend-líc cænnan cænnan

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.