Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

a-lútan

(v.)
Grammar
a-lútan, anlútan; p. -leát, pl. -luton; pp. -loten [a, lútan to bend]

To bend ⬩ incline ⬩ bend or bow down ⬩ procumbere

Entry preview:

To bend, incline, bend or bow down; procumbere Alútende he geseah procumbens vidit, Lk. Bos. 24, 12. He aleát to eorþan he bowed to the earth, Ælfc. T. 37, 8

Linked entries: a-leát a-loten

for-sceamian

(v.)
Grammar
for-sceamian, -scamian, -scamigan; p. ode; pp. od [sceamian to be ashamed]

To be greatly ashamed ⬩ erŭbescĕre

Entry preview:

To be greatly ashamed; erŭbescĕre Forsceamian erŭbescĕre, Scint. 8. Hie forscamige let it shame them, Past. 21, 1; Hat. MS. 29 a, 26

ge-sibbian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sibbian, p. ode, ade, ede; pp. od, ad, ed [sibbian to pacify]

To make peaceful, pacify, appease, gladden ⬩ pācāre, pācĭfĭcāre, concĭliāre, lætĭfĭcāre ⬩ to reconcile ⬩ united.

Entry preview:

Th. 93, 18. Ðá he hæfde ðone híréd gesibbodne when he had reconciled the household, Blickl. Homl. 225, 10

fór-cuman

(v.)
Grammar
fór-cuman, p. -com, -cwom, pl. -cómon, -cwómon; pp. -cumen [fór before; cuman to come]

To FORE-COME ⬩ go before ⬩ prevent ⬩ prævĕnīre

Entry preview:

To FORE-COME, go before, prevent; prævĕnīre Arís, Drihten, fórcum hí exurge, Dŏmĭne, prævĕni eos, Ps. Spl. 16, 14. Ic fórcom on rípunga prævēni in matūrĭtāte, 118, 147

Linked entry: fóre-cuman

æt-sacan

(v.)
Grammar
æt-sacan, p. -sóc, pl. -sócon; pp. -sacen; v. a. n. [æt, sacan to charge, accuse]

To deny ⬩ disown ⬩ abjure ⬩ negare ⬩ detestari ⬩ abjurare

Entry preview:

To deny, disown, abjure: negare, detestari, abjurare Ðá ætsacaþ ðæs ærýstes qui negant esse resurrectionem, Lk. Bos. 20, 27: L. Ath. i. 4;Th. i. 202, 2: i. 6; Th. i. 202, 12, 13. Ðá ætsóc he at ille negavit, Mk. Bos. 14, 68: Lk. Bos. 22, 57.

Linked entry: sacan

a-scirpan

(v.)
Grammar
a-scirpan, a-scyrpan, a-scerpan, a-scearpan; p. te, tun; pp. ed

To sharpen ⬩ exacuere

Entry preview:

To sharpen; exacuere Swíðor ablendaþ ðæs módes eágan ðonne hí hí ascirpan they rather blind the eyes of the mind than sharpen them, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 34

Linked entries: a-scearpan a-scerpan a-scyrpan

alíhtan

(v.)
Grammar
alíhtan, p. -líhte, pl. -líhton; pp. -líhted; v. a. [a, líhtan to light]

To enlighten ⬩ illuminare

Entry preview:

To enlighten; illuminare Híg alíhton ða eorþan illuminent terram, Gen. 1, 15

here-geatu

Grammar
here-geatu, [The word occurs very rarely in the singular; indeed be hergeate,
    Ll. Th. i. 412, 26,
seems the only instance that number. Plural forms are n. ac. -geatwei,(-a), -geata(-u, -e); dat -geat-wum, -geatum.]
Entry preview:

Beón þá heregea a (-e.v.l.) swá hit mǽðlic sý, Ll. Th. i. 414, 4: 15. Beón þá heregeata forgvfene, 420, 16. Hé becwæð ðæt man . . . tilode tó his hergeatwæn ðæs ðe man habban sceolde, C.

hýra

(n.)
Grammar
hýra, a subject, <b>hýran</b> to hear. v. híra, híran, hýran
Entry preview:

to exolt

ge-swencan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-swencan, -swæncan; p. -swencte; pp. -swenced, -swenct [swencan to disturb, vex]

To disturb ⬩ agitate ⬩ trouble ⬩ vex ⬩ fatigue ⬩ outweary ⬩ afflict ⬩ harass ⬩ oppress ⬩ pulsāre ⬩ agĭtāre ⬩ trībŭlāre ⬩ vexāre ⬩ fătīgāre ⬩ afflīgĕre ⬩ affĭcĕre ⬩ opprĭmĕre

Entry preview:

Th. 106, 38: 43, 23: Ors. 1, 7; Bos. 30, 30

Linked entries: swencan ge-swæncan

geond-faran

(v.)
Grammar
geond-faran, part. -farende; p. -fór, pl. -fóron; pp. -faren [geond through, faran to go]

To go through, pervade ⬩ perambŭlāre, pervăgāri

Entry preview:

Wæter wynsumu bearo ealne geondfaraþ pleasant waters pervade all the grove, Exon. 56 b; Th. 202, 10; Ph. 67

Linked entry: geond-tæren

æ-týnan

(v.)
Grammar
æ-týnan, p. de; pp. ed; v.a. [æ = a=on, un un; týnan to shut]

To open ⬩ aperire

Entry preview:

To open; aperire Dura heofones he ætýnde januas cœli aperuit, Ps. Spl. 77, 27

a-hwylfan

(v.)
Grammar
a-hwylfan, -hwelfan; p. de; pp. ed [a, hwylfan to cover or vault]

To cover over ⬩ overwhelm ⬩ operire ⬩ obruere ⬩ deponere

Entry preview:

To cover over, overwhelm; operire, obruere, deponere Seó sǽ ahwylfde Pharaones cratu aqutæ operuerunt currus Pharaonis, Ex. 14, 27. Alege oððe ahwelf híg cast down [or cover over] them, Ps. Lamb. 58, 12

Linked entry: a-hwelfan

twi-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twi-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of a rank for which the wergild was two hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twihynde man was a
Entry preview:

Twyhyndes mannes wer is twá hund sciłł. ( the article then deals with the case of the former, and concludes: Eal man sceal æt cyrliscum were be ðære mǽðe dón, ðe him tó gebyreþ, swá wé be twelfhyndum tealdan.

an-æðelian

(v.)
Grammar
an-æðelian, p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad; v. trans. [an = un not, æðelian to ennoble]

To dishonour ⬩ degrade ⬩ ignobilem reddere

Entry preview:

To dishonour, degrade; ignobilem reddere And ðonan wyrþ anæðelad óþ-ðæt he wyrþ unæðele and thence becomes degraded till he is unnoble, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 22: Bt. Met. Fox 17, 53; Met. 17, 27

an-wreón

(v.)
Grammar
an-wreón, p. -wreáh, pl. -wrugon; pp. -wrogen [an = un un-, wreón to cover]

To uncover ⬩ reveal ⬩ revelare

Entry preview:

To uncover, reveal; revelare, R. Ben. 3

a-wéstan

(v.)
Grammar
a-wéstan, p. -wéste; pp. -wésted [-wéstd], -wést [a intensive, wéstan to waste]

To waste ⬩ lay waste ⬩ depopulate ⬩ ravage ⬩ destroy ⬩ vastare ⬩ devastare ⬩ desertum facere ⬩ desolare

Entry preview:

Eall seó þeóð awést wearþ all the nation was laid waste, 3, 9; Bos. 66, 17, 19, 21. Sý wunung heora awést fiat habitatio eorum deserta, Ps. Spl. T. 68, 30.

Linked entries: a-wǽstan a-wést a-wéstendnes on-wéstan

borh-fæstan

(v.)
Grammar
borh-fæstan, geborh-fæstan; p. -fæste; pp. -fæsted [borh a surety, fæstan to fasten]

To fasten or bind by pledge or surety ⬩ fidejussione obligare

Entry preview:

To fasten or bind by pledge or surety; fidejussione obligare Man borhfæst ðam cyninge [MS. kyninge] ealle ða þægnas they bound by pledge all the thanes to the king, Chr. 1051; Ing. 228, 33; Erl. 181, 5

Linked entry: fæstan

fór-steal

(n.)
Grammar
fór-steal, -steall, -stal, fóre-steall, es; m. [fór, fóre before; steal from stellan to leap, spring; therefore, at least originally, an assault, consisting in one man springing or placing himself before another, so as to obstruct his progress, Thorpe's Glos. to A. Sax. Laws] .

an assault ⬩ assultus sŭper ălĭquem in via rēgia factus ⬩ viæ obstructio ⬩ the fine for an assault ⬩ mulcta pro assultu

Entry preview:

Eth. v. 31; Th. i. 312, 8: vi. 38; Th. i. 324, 21. In L.

Linked entries: fóre-steall fór-stal

ge-biddan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-biddan, p. -bæd, pl. -bǽdon; pp. -beden; often followed by a reflexive dative [ge-, biddan to ask, pray]

To pray ⬩ pray to ⬩ worship ⬩ adore ⬩ ōrāre ⬩ adōrāre ⬩ cŏlĕre

Entry preview:

For ðé gebitt ōrābit pro te. Gen. 20, 7. Ic him á gebæd ego autem ōrābam. Ps. Th. 108, 3. Ne ðú fremedne god gebiddest neque adōrābis deum aliēnum. 80, 9. Gebiddaþ him ðǽr to adōrant eum, Ex. 32, 8.

Linked entries: ge-beden ge-bitt

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