Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
Entry preview:

for on-gean, á-týnan to unshut, open, Ps.

HERE

(n.)
Grammar
HERE, gen. heres, heriges, herges; m.

An army ⬩ a host ⬩ multitude ⬩ a large predatory band

Entry preview:

Hé gearo wǽre tó ðæs heres þearfe he would be ready to supply the needs of the Danes, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 32: 878; Erl. 80, 3. Ðæs heriges hám eft ne com ǽnig tó láfe of that host came no remnant back home, Cd. 167; Th. 209, 30; Exod. 507: Elen.

Linked entries: flot-herge hors-here

be-gitan

Entry preview:

Be-geatta, Jn. p. 7, II. Hí wilnodon . . . ac híne mihton ꝥ; begitan, Bt. 29, 2; F. 104, 33. to get for another, procure Hý nellað þæs willan gewyrcan þe him éce líf begeat, Wlfst. 185, 17. Gif hwá sleá his néhstan . . . begite hé him lǽce, Ll.

ge-búgan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hé gebéh ... mid lande intó Sce Augustine, and ǽlce geáre gyld ... .i. pund tó geswutelunga ... and æfter his dæge gange þæt land intó Sce Augustine, C.D. ii. 300, 6.

hryre

Entry preview:

Winemǽga hryre, Wand. 7. destruction of a place Þý ilcan geáre þe Cartaina tóworpen wæs, æfter hiere hryre hí tówurpon Corinthum eodem anno quo Carthago deleta est, ruinam Carthaginis eversio Corinthi subsecutus est, Ors. 5, 2; S. 214, 27

lócian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Sum wíf wæs six geár blind, and wearð gehǽled . . . and cóm beorhte lócigende, Hml. S. 36, 266. with indirect questions, to apply one's sight to ascertain Hé lócað hwonne úp cyme glídan swegles leóma, Ph. 101.

þunor

(n.)
Grammar
þunor, (-ar, -er, -ur), es; m.

thunder ⬩ tonitrus ⬩ fulmen ⬩ Jupiter ⬩ a thane of king Egbert of Kent

Entry preview:

Swá háttra sumor, swá mára ðunor and líget on geáre. Ða þuneras (þunras, MS. R.) ... on Apocalipsin ... ne belimpaþ tó ðam ðunere (þunre, MS. R.) ðe on ðyssere lyfte oft egeslíce brastlaþ.

Linked entries: Þór þuner þunres þúr

flód

flood ⬩ a river ⬩ water ⬩ a flood ⬩ deluge ⬩ the Deluge ⬩ a torrent

Entry preview:

On ǽlcum ánum geáre weaxeð ꝥ flód ðæs sǽs feówer and twéntigum síða, and swá oft wanað, Shrn. 63, 29. Ðonne hit bið full flód, C. D. iv. 24, l. God him ðá sylle ásende mid þám sǽlicum flóde; and þæt flód hí áwearp . . . on ðám sealtum ófre, Hml.

ge-mearcian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ic geann Eédríce ðæs swurdes ðe seó hand is on gemearcod, C. D. iii. 363, 21. to mark, seal Gemearcod signatus (fons), An. Ox. 3899. to make with the hand the sign of the cross on Se apostol his eágan gemearcode mid þǽre hálgan róde, Hml.

mearcian

(v.)
Grammar
mearcian, to mark, <b>mearcian</b> to fix bounds. [These may be taken together; cf. mearc.]
Entry preview:

</b> fig. to plan, design, draw up a table :-- Þǽra geára getæl hæfð seó tabule þe wé mearkian willað, Angl. viii. 327, 41. to march to, border upon, have as a boundary to one's land Ðis sindon ðá landgemǽro . . .andlang bróces tó ðǽre díc ðǽre

hláford

(n.)
Grammar
hláford, es; m.

A LORD; ⬩ dominus. ⬩ herus

Entry preview:

Ic geann mínum hláforde syxti mancusa goldes I give to my lord sixty mancuses of gold, Chart. Th. 516, 32. Úrum hláforde holde loyal to our lord, L. C. E. 20; Th. i. 372, 8.

Linked entries: hláf-weard hlǽfdige

fæsten

firmament ⬩ citadel ⬩ fort ⬩ a fortification ⬩ entrenchments ⬩ fastness ⬩ stronghold ⬩ a prison ⬩ a sepulchre ⬩ Hell ⬩ claustrum

Entry preview:

Beforan Numentia fæstennes geate, Ors. 5, 2; S. 218, 32. Hé gefór tó ánum fæstenne. Þá hé þǽr tó cóm, þá ne mehton hié nánne monn on ðǽm fæstenne útan geseón exercitum ad urbem duxit.

lang

Entry preview:

Ic sǽde ðé swíþe lang spell and wundorlic, 35, 5 ; F. 166, 1. having a great extent in duration, of a period of time Tén ðúsend geára þeáh hit lang þince, Bt. 18, 3 ; F. 66, 12.

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

þrí

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
þrí, þrý, þrié, þreó; m.: þreó, þrió, þré; f. n. (ðreá, ðriá, ðreó, ðrió in North.); gen. þreóra, þrióra (and ðreána in North.); dat. þrim (þrím? ðriim in North., but cf. Goth. þrim), later þreom.

Three

Entry preview:

Three Tres þrý gebyriaþ tó masculinum and femininum, tria þreó tó neutrum, Ælfc. Gr. 49; Zup. 281, 3, Grammar þrí, used adjectivally Þrié Scottas cuómon, Chr. 891; Erl. 88, 5. Ða þreó clystru ðæt sind þrí dagas, Gen. 40, 12. Ða þrí windlas ðæt sind

Linked entries: þreó þrió þrý

DEÁÞ

(n.)
Grammar
DEÁÞ, es; m.

DEATH ⬩ mors

Entry preview:

Ðú ðe upahefst me of geatum deáþes qui exaltas me de portis mortis, Ps. Lamb. 9, 15. He is deáþes scyldig reus est mortis, Mt. Bos. 26, 66: Ps. Th. 54, 4: 72, 3. Gif hwá sié deáþes scyldig if any one be guilty of death, L.

Linked entry: deóþ

ge-gangan

Entry preview:

H. 209, 6. of passive movement (lit. or fig.). to be allotted to a person Him tó móse sceal gegangan geára gehwylce þriá þreóténo þúsend gerímes, Sal. 288. to happen to a person (dat.), befall Gegangeð þám mannum . . . þæt heó ealle forbeornað, Wlfst

ge-weaxan

Entry preview:

Hyt gelimpeð ǽfre binnan feówer geára fæce ꝥ án dæg and án niht gewixst, Angl. viii. 306, 12. Ungemetlic cele geweóx on þone ǽfen frigus ingens uespertino accrescebat tempore, Nar. 23, 11.

cwealm

(n.)
Grammar
cwealm, cwélm , es; m. n. [cwelan to die]

Death, destruction, a violent death, slaughter, murder, torment, plague, pestilence, contagion ⬩ QUALM; mors, pernicies, nex, cædes, homicidium, cruciatus, lues, pestis, pestilentia, contagium

Entry preview:

On ðissum geáre com micel máncwealm on Brytene ígland, and on ðam cwealme forþférde Tuda biscop in this year [A. D. 664] there was a great plague in the island of Britain, and bishop Tuda died of the plague, Chr. 664; Erl. 35, 19: Homl.

Linked entries: cwælm cwelm cwylm

Þú

(pronoun.)
Grammar
Þú, pers. pron.

Thou

Entry preview:

Westú gearo, Bd. 5, 19; S. 640, 44. Scealtú ceól gestígan, Andr. Kmbl. 439; An. 220. Hié woldon þín onbídan, Blickl. Homl. 233, 27. Se ðe mid þé (ðec mið, Lind. Rush.) wæs qui erat tecum, Jn. Skt. 3, 26.

Linked entries: tú þec þeh þistel

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