Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

þegen

(n.)
Grammar
þegen, þegn, þeng, þén, es; m.
Entry preview:

Ǽlc dohtig man on Kænt and on Súð-Sexan, on þegenan and on ceorlan, Cod. Dip.

BEÓR

(n.)
Grammar
BEÓR, es; m.

BEERnourishing or strong drinkcerevisiasiceraa beverage made of honey and watermeadmetheglinhydromeliĭtisydromellummulsum

Entry preview:

In their drinking parties, they pledged each other in large cups, round at the bottom, which must be emptied before they could be laid down, hence perhaps the name of a tumbler.

Linked entry: biór

cyrnel

(n.)
Grammar
cyrnel, cyrnl; gen.es; dat.e ; pl. nom. acc. cyrnlu; gen. cyrnla; n.

KERNEL, grainnucleus, granum a hard

Entry preview:

248, 26. a hard concretion in the flesh, an indurated gland or strumous swelling; toles, glandulæ duriores, quæ succrescunt in isto tumore, quem strumam dicimus Wið cyrnlu for kernels [or swelled glands ], Herb. 14, 2; Lchdm. i. 106, 13, 19: Herb. cont

Linked entries: cirnel cirnel

DRECCAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRECCAN, dreccean, drecan,ic drecce , drece, ðú drecest, drecst, he dreceþ, drecþ, pl. dreccaþ, drecceaþ; p. [drechede = drehde = ] drehte, dreahte, pl.drehton, dreahton ; pp. [dreched = drehed = dreht, dreaht] dreht, dreaht

To vex, afflict, trouble, torture, torment vexāre, affligĕre, tribulāre, turbāre, cruciāre

Entry preview:

On ðam écan lífe ðǽr ne cymþ nán deófol ne nán yfel mann, ðe us mǽge dreccan in the eternal life there will come no devil nor evil man who may trouble us, i. 272, 10. Hwí drecst ðú leng ðone láreów why troublest thou the master longer? Mk.

ELLES

(adv.)
Grammar
ELLES, adv.

ELSE, otherwise, in another mannerălĭter, ăliōquin, ăliunde, sĕcus

Entry preview:

Hí ne mihton elles bión they could not else exist, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 30: Bt. Met. Fox 9, 104; Met. 9, 52: Chr. 1044; Erl. 168, 17: Beo. Th. 5034; B. 2520: Exon. 67 b; Th. 249, 18; Jul. 113.

Linked entry: el

Finnas

(n.)
Grammar
Finnas, gen. a; pl. m.
Entry preview:

Not Finland, but the Fins' land; for how could Beowulf, in his swimming-match with Breca, be borne by the sea to Finland?

for-beódan

(v.)
Grammar
for-beódan, -biódan, to -beódanne; part. -beódende; p. ic, he -beád, ðú -bude, pl. -budon; pp. -boden [Ger. ver-bieten]

To FORBIDprohibitrestrainsuppressprohĭbērevătāreinterdīcĕre

Entry preview:

Lǽtaþ ða lytlingas to me cuman, and ne forbeóde gé him suffer the little ones to come unto me, and forbid them not, Mk. Bos. 10, 14: Lk. Bos. 18, 16. Sunnan daga cýþinga forbeóde man georne let Sunday marketings be strictly forbidden, L.

fóre

(prep.)
Grammar
fóre, = fór; prep. dat. acc.

beforecōramantein conspectupræsente vel audiente ălĭquoantebeforeante

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Cumaþ him fóre come before him, Ps. Th. 94, 6. Scíneþ ðé leóht fóre the light shines before thee, Cd. 29; Th. 38, 30; Gen. 614. Him wépan fóre plōrēmus cōram eo. Ps. Th. 94, 6

fultum

(n.)
Grammar
fultum, fultom, es; m.

helpaidassistancesupportsuccourauxĭliumadjūtōriumadjūmentuma helperan armyforcesadjūtorcōpiæ

Entry preview:

He gegaderode ðone fultum ðe he ðá mihte he gathered what forces he then could, Ors. 1, 12; Bos. 36, 1: 2, 5; Bos. 46, 27. He mid his fultume næs he was not with his army, 2, 5; Bos. 48, 15, 22: 3, 7; Bos. 59, 18

Linked entry: fultom

lagu

(n.)
Grammar
lagu, lago; m.

seawater

Entry preview:

sea, water Ðæt gelimpan sceal ðætte lagu flóweþ ofer foldan it shall come to pass that the sea shall flow over the earth [at the last day], Exon. 115 b; Th. 445, 1; Dóm. 1. Lagu, wæter under wolcnum, Beo. Th. 3265; B. 1630.

LEÁF

(n.)
Grammar
LEÁF, e; f.

LEAVEpermissionlicense

Entry preview:

Hí habbaþ leáf [Cott. MS. leáfe) yfel tó dónne they have leave to do evil, Bt. 38, 4; Fox 204, 13. Hæbbe hé fulle leáfe swá tó dónne, L. Wil. ii. 1; Th. i. 489, 8. Ðá ðá Aulixes leáfe hæfde ðæt hé ðonan móste, Bt. Met. Fox 26, 42; Met. 26, 21.

scræf

(n.)
Grammar
scræf, screaf, scref, es; n.
Entry preview:

Gé mín hús habbaþ gedón sceaðum tó screafe (cf. gé worhtun ðæt tó þeófa cote, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 13), Homl. Th. i. 406, 3. Se hæfde on byrgenum scræf ( domicilium ), Mk. Skt. 5, 3. Geond ðæt atole scræf ( hell ), Cd.

sweðrian

(v.)
Grammar
sweðrian, swiðrian, sweoðerian; p. ode (some instances of the cpd. ge*-*sweðrian, omitted under that word, are given here)
Entry preview:

To retire, withdraw, abate, subside, decrease, fail, come to an end:?-Sweðraþ facessit, discedit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 33, 30. Gesweðeriaþ fatescunt (fatiscere dissolvi, Migne), 96, 18.

ferian

(v.)

to carrymoveconveyto leadconduct

Entry preview:

L. 135, 16. reflexive: Gif ic mé mid féðunge ferian mihte if I could walk, Hml. Th. ii. 134, 24. where a. and b. are combined Hí hyra herehúðe tó sǽ færedon (feredon, v. l.) . . . mæte and mádmas, Chr. 1006; P. 137, 10.

ofer-méttu (o)

(n.)
Grammar
ofer-méttu (o), indecl. in sing. ; but declined in pl. , where it is used with singular meaning, cf. ofer-hygd, -méde : perhaps all the instances which follow may belong to the plural, since eáþmétto takes a verb in the plural; f.

Pride, arrogance, haughtiness

Entry preview:

Hé biþ on oferméttu (-métto, Cott. MSS.) áwended . . . hé ástág on ofermétto in elationem permutatur. . . intumuit Past. 3, 2; Swt. 35, 13-16. On ofermétto in superbiam 19, 3; Swt. 147, 3: Bt. 6; Fox 14, 34.

hlísa

(n.)
Grammar
hlísa, hligsa, hliosa, an; m.

Sound, rumour, report, reputation, renown, fame, glory

Entry preview:

Gif wé mid hlýsan gódra weorca úrne Drihten sécaþ if we come to our Lord with the fame of good works, Homl. Th. i. 222, 4: Exon. 34 b; Th. 111, 17; Gú. 128: 33 a; Th. 105, 31; Gú. 31.

Linked entries: hlígan hligsa hlýsa

ge-weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-weorþan, -wiorþan, -wurþan, -wyrþan; he -weorþeþ, -weorþ, pl. -weorpaþ; p. ic, he -wearþ, ðú -wurde, pl. -wurdon; subj. pres. -weorþe, pl. -weorþen; p. -wurde, pl. -wurden; pp. -worden.

to bebe madebecomehappenfiĕriTo happencome to passbefallcome togetheragreebe agreeablecontingĕreevĕnīreconvĕnīreplăcēre

Entry preview:

To happen, come to pass, befall, come together, agree, be agreeable; contingĕre, evĕnīre, convĕnīre, plăcēre Ne mihte hí betwih him geþwǽrian and geweorþan they might not accord and agree among themselves, Bd. 4, 4; S. 571, 2: Cd. 81; Th. 101, 32; Gen

ge-sécan

Entry preview:

L. 9, 14. with idea of movement to go or come to Ðú gesécst adibis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 3, 33. Gesécan adire, 2, 55. (i) to go to a person for residence or intercourse Ic for láre intingan eów hér gesóhte, Hml. S. 23 b, 71.

weorc

(n.; adv.)
Grammar
weorc, es; n.

Work opus.workoperative actionoperationworkingdoingperformanceworkdoingsactionswhat a person does what happens worklabouroccupationemploymentany form of long-sustained or habitual activitya particular act of labourworkmanshipa workdeedany actionof action that gives affect to anythinga work, what is wroughta strong building, fortresswork, what is done, effect producedpain, travail, grief,the instrumental or dative is used in the phrase weorce wesan with the dative of the person — to be painful to a person

Entry preview:

God gesihþ ealle úre wyrc(weorc, Cott. MS.) Bt. 41, 4; Fox 252, 1. where action is contrasted with speech or thought Gif hwá hæðendóm weordige wordes oððe weorces L. E. G. 2; Th. i. 168, 2.

Linked entries: weorce weorc-sum werc

lyft

(n.)
Grammar
lyft, es, e; m. f. n.

Airatmospherebreezeskyheavenscloud

Entry preview:

Seó lyft hí ofersceadewude and stefn com of ðære lyfte facta est nubis obumbrans eos et venit vox de nube, Mk. Skt. 9, 7. Ðære lyfte fugelas, Gen. 1, 28. Laguflóda gelác lyfte and tungla the movement of waters, of air and of stars, Bt. Met.

Linked entries: lift loft