Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

máðum

(n.)
Grammar
máðum, máðm, mádm, máððum, es; m.

A precious or valuable thinga treasurejewelornament

Entry preview:

Ic ( Hrothgar) ðæm gódan (Beowulf ) sceal mádmas beódan, Beo. Th. 776; B. 385. Máðmas, 3739; B. 1867. Ealde mádmas ( the spoil of the Egyptians drowned in the Red Sea ), Cd. 171; Th. 215, 19; Exod. 585.

Linked entry: máðm

grétan

(v.)
Grammar
grétan, he grét, pl. grétaþ; p. grétte, pl. grétton; pp. gréted.
Entry preview:

Hróþgár grétte Beówulf Hrothgar took leave of Beowulf, Beo. Th. 1308; B. 652

þeód-cyning

(n.)
Grammar
þeód-cyning, es; m.
Entry preview:

Se ðeódcyning ( Hrothgar ), 4294; B. 2144. Ðiódcyning ( Beowulf ), 5151; B. 2579. Æt þearfe þeódcyninges, 5382; B. 2694. Ðæs þeódkyninges (-kyngces, MS. D.) ( Edward the Confessor ), Chr. 1066; Erl. 198, 15.

wígend

(n.)
Grammar
wígend, wíggend, es; m.

a fighting mana warriorsoldiera noblestrenuous man

Entry preview:

. ¶ in the phrase wígendra hleó a lord, chief :-- Wígendra hleó, freáwine folca (Hrothgar), Beo. Th. 863; B. 429 : (Sigemund), 1803 ; B. 899 : (the Deity), Andr. Kmbl. 1011; An. 506 : (St. Andrew), 1792 ; An. 898.

sæl

(n.)
Grammar
sæl, sel, es; n.

A hall

Entry preview:

Heorot ( Hrothgar's hall ), sincfáge sel, 336; B. 167. Geond ðæt síde sel, Andr. Kmbl. 1523; An. 763. Wuna salu sinchroden halls splendidly decorated, 3342; An. 1675. Salo Cd. Th. 113, 3; Gen. 1881.

Linked entries: sel sales salor

muud-bora

(n.)
Grammar
muud-bora, an; m.

one who can give protection (mund)protectorpatronguardianadvocatea guardian

Entry preview:

Th. i. 330, 27. to earthly kings Wes ðú (Hrothgar) mundbora mínum magoþegnum. Beo. Th. 2964; B. 1480. Eádmund cyning, mága mundbora, Chr. 942; Edm. 2. Eádgár, West-Seaxena wine, Myrcene mundbora, 975; Erl. 125, 17.

hirde

a keeperguardianprotectordirectorguidepastor the keepera keepera guardwatchman

Entry preview:

Brego Beorhtdena, folces hyrde (Hrothgar), B 610: (Hygelac), 1849: (Beowulf), 2644.

ides

(n.)
Grammar
ides, e; f.

A woman

Entry preview:

Ides Helminga beághroden cwén [Wealtheow, Hrothgar's queen ], Beo. Th. 1245 ; B. 620. Ides Scyldinga, 2341; B. 1168. Idese onlícnes a woman's form, 2706 ; B. 1351. Him brýda twá idesa eaforan féddon [ Lamech's wives ], Cd. 52; Th. 65, 34; Gen. 1076.

sinc

(n.)
Grammar
sinc, es ; n. (used only in poetry)
Entry preview:

Ðone sélestan sǽcyninga ðara ðe sinc brytnade, 4756 ; B. 2383 :-- Sinces brytta, goldwine gumena ( Hrothgar ), 2344 ; B. 1170. Sinces brytta, folces hyrde, 1219 ; B. 607 : Exon. Th. 288, 3 ; Wand. 25 : ( Holofernes ), Judth. Thw. 21, 22 ; Jud. 30.

seóþan

(v.)
Grammar
seóþan, p. seáþ, pl. sudon; pp. soden.
Entry preview:

Swá ða mǽlceare maga Healfdenes singala seáþ Hrothgar had that care ever ready to feed his mind with, 382 ; B. 190

Linked entry: for-seóþan

HORS

(n.)
Grammar
HORS, es; n.
Entry preview:

Ðá wæs Hróðgáre hors gebæted wicg wundenfeax then for Hrothgar was a horse bitted, a steed with plaited mane, Beo. Th. 2803; B. 1399.

wine

(n.)
Grammar
wine, es; m.

A friend.applied to an equalapplied to one who can help or protecta friendly lorda (powerful) friendused of a husband or loverapplied to an inferior or subordinate, one to whom favour or protection may be shewn

Entry preview:

Hé sóhte holdne wine (Hrothgar), 758; B. 376. Wine Deniga, freán Scyldinga, 706; B. 350. Ne sint mé winas (friends who will protect) cúðe eorlas elþeódige, Andr. Kmbl. 396; An. 198. Ðǽr him folcweras fremde wǽron, wine uncúðe, Cd.

Linked entries: dæg-wine wine-leás

sele

(n.)
Grammar
sele, es ; m.
Entry preview:

Sele ( Heorot, Hrothgar's hall ) hlifade, heáh and horngeáp, Beo. Th. 163 ; B. 81. Ðes sele, receda sélest, 827 ; B. 411. Ðes windiga sele ( hell ), Cd. Th. 273, 14 ; Sat. 136. Hé on temple gestód . . .

HWÍL

(n.)
Grammar
HWÍL, e; f.

A WHILE

Entry preview:

Grendel wan hwíle wið Hróðgár Grendel strove for a time with Hrothgar, Beo. Th. 306; B. 152: 211; B. 105. Ða ðe on carcerne hwíle wunedon. Andr. Kmbl. 262; An. 131. Man gíslade ða hwíle hostages were given the while, Chron. 994; Erl. 133, 29.

rícsian

(v.)
Grammar
rícsian, p. ode.

to exercise or have powerto rulegovernreignto domineerdominatetyrannizeexercise violenceto prevail

Entry preview:

Swá ríxode and wið rihte wan ána wið eallum (of Grendel's successful raids on Hrothgar's hall), Beo. Th. 290; B. 144. Án ongan deorcum nihtum draca rícsian, 4429; B. 2211.

sǽl

(n.)
Grammar
sǽl, es; m.: e; f.

time, occasiona fit time, season, opportunity,circumstance, condition happiness, good fortune, good time, prosperity

Entry preview:

Ðá wæs sǽl and mǽl, ðæt tó healle gang Healfdenes sunu it was the proper time for Hrothgar to go to the banquet-hall, Beo. Th. 2021; B. 1008. Óþ ðæt sǽl álamp (cf. Ðá seó tíd gelamp, ðæt . . .

Linked entry: sél

ofer

(prep.)
Grammar
ofer, ofor; prep. adv.

with dat. generally with the idea of rest;above, overdenoting contact with anything, upon, ondenoting extension over, throughout, in, ondenoting a higher degree, beyond, more thandenoting the cause of an emotion, overdenoting the object over which power is exercisedwith the idea of movement, where the accusative might be expectedmarking time, after, beyond denoting motion in a definite direction across, to the other side of an objectdenoting motion which is diffused over a surfacedenoting extension through a space, throughout, amongdenoting motion from below, over, abovedenoting motion from above, upon, on denoting the object upon which an action or feeling takes effectdenoting the object over which power is exercisedabove, more thansupra, superbeyond, besidesultradenoting the passing over moral bounds, in violation of, in opposition to, contrary to, againstwith words implying rest(cf. to talk over)denoting the cause of an emotion (cf. I. 5)withoutwith words expressing time,afterthrough, during

Entry preview:

Mæst hlifade ofer Hróþgáres hordgestreónum, Beo. Th. 3802; B. 1899. Wígláf siteþ ofer Biówulfe, 5806; B. 2907. denoting contact with anything, upon, on Hé gesette ofer stáne fét míne, Ps. Lamb. 39, 3.

Linked entries: ofer-bord ofer-sceótan