Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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FUGEL

(n.)
Grammar
FUGEL, fugol, fugul; gen. fugeles, fugles; m.

A bird ⬩ FOWL ⬩ ăvis ⬩ āles

Entry preview:

Ofer fugla cynn over the race of birds, Exon. 58 a; Th. 208, 22; Ph. 159: 60 b; Th. 221, 6, 16; Ph. 330, 335. Gif seó offrung biþ of fugelum si de ăvĭbus oblātio fuĕrit, Lev. 1, 14: Deut. 28, 26: Ps. Lamb. 78, 2.

Linked entries: fen-fugelas fugol fugul

GEÁTAS

(n.)
Grammar
GEÁTAS, Iótas, Iútas, Eótenas

the Jutes ⬩ Jutæ ⬩ GAUTS ⬩ Gauti in Suecia ⬩ Γαυτοί,

Entry preview:

And of Engle cóman Eást-Engle and Middel-Engle, and Myrce, and eall Norþhembra cynn, is ðæt land ðe Angulus is nemned betwyh Geátum and Seaxum advēnĕrant autem de trĭbus Germāniæ pŏpŭlis fortiōrĭbus, id est, Saxŏnĭbus, Anglis, Jutis.

un-þeáw

(n.)
Grammar
un-þeáw, es; m.

A bad habit ⬩ an evil practice ⬩ a vice ⬩ fault

Entry preview:

Gé ða Engliscan þeáwas forlǽtaþ ðe eówre fæderas heóldon, and hǽðenra manna þeáwas lufiaþ, and mid ðam geswuteliaþ ðæt gé forseóð eówer cynn and eówere yldran mid ðám unþeáwum, ðonne gé him on teónan tysliaþ eów on Denisc ábleredum hneccan and áblendum

be-witan

watch over

Entry preview:

Se cyng sende Ælfún mid þám æþelingum, ꝥ hé hí bewitan sceolde, Chr. 1013; P. 144, 15.

Linked entry: be-witian

ge-hǽlan

(prep.)
Entry preview:

Þurh hire beorþor sceolde beón gehǽled eall wífa cynn and wera, Bl. H. 5, 23. Þá hálgan ǽr Crístes cyme . . . wurdan mid his ǽriste gehǽlde, 81, 32. Mannes Sunu cóm tó gehǽlenne ( salvare ) ꝥ forwearð, Mt. 18, 11.

sang

(n.)
Grammar
sang, es; m.

song, singing ⬩ a singing, chanting ⬩ song, poetry, ⬩ a song ⬩ a poem

Entry preview:

Fugla cynn songe lofiaþ módigne, Exon. Th. 221, 20; Ph. 337. Mǽwes song, 406, 25; Rä. 25, 6. Earn sang áhóf, Elen. Kmbl. 58; El. 39. Wulf sang áhóf, 224; El. 112. of sound caused by inanimate things; v.

Linked entry: song

út

(adv.)
Grammar
út, adv.

out ⬩ beyond the bounds within which a thing is enclosed ⬩ out on an expedition ⬩ out ⬩ out ⬩ out ⬩ out ⬩ forth ⬩ to knock out ⬩ pull out ⬩ out ⬩ away from home ⬩ abroad ⬩ out ⬩ away from land ⬩ out ⬩ outside ⬩ not within doors ⬩ not in the house ⬩ abroad ⬩ out ⬩ externally

Entry preview:

Kmbl. 962; Sal. 480. summoning to service Ðáhét se cyng ábannan út ealne þeódscipe of West-Seaxum. Chr. 1006; Erl. 140, 8. Hét se cyning bannan út here ...

Linked entries: úte út-gársecg á-dón

æðele

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
æðele, eðele; comp. -ra; sup. -ast, -est, -use; adj.

noble ⬩ eminent, not only in blood or by descent, but in mind ⬩ excellent ⬩ famous ⬩ singular ⬩ nobilis ⬩ generosus ⬩ præstabilis ⬩ egregius ⬩ excellens ⬩ noble ⬩ vigorous ⬩ young ⬩ nobilis ⬩ novellus

Entry preview:

Of ðam æðelestan cynne of the most noble race, 3, 19; S. 547, 25. Æðelast tungla the noblest of stars, Exon. 57 a; Th. 204, 6; Ph. 93: Ps. Th. 84, 10. Æðelust bearna. the noblest of heroes. Elen.

Linked entry: eðele

á-breóþan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hí sume æt ðǽre neóde ábruðon, and fram ðám cynge gecyrdon, 1101; P. 237, 6. Ðæt se man ábreóðe on ǽlcere neóde náhtlíce ǽfre, Wlfst. 59, 12. God ús gescylde, ðæt wé ne ábreóðon on ðǽre fandunge, Hml. Th. i. 268, 11. Ábroþen degener, ignobilis, An.

Linked entries: a-broten á-broþenness

DÉMA

(n.)
Grammar
DÉMA, an; m. [déman to deem, judge, think] .

a deemer, thinker, judge, an umpire ⬩ censor, consul, jūdex, arbĭter ⬩ the judge, who gave a wrong judgment, was subject to a fine of one hundred and twenty shillings; and if a man could not obtain justice, the judge to whom he applied was fined thirty shillings. As the judge represented the king, he was at the king's disposal

Entry preview:

As the judge represented the king, he was at the king's disposal Se déma, ðe óðrum wóh déme, gesylle ðam cynge hundtwelftig scillinga to bóte, bútan he mid áþe gecýðan durre, ðæt he hit ná rihtor ne cúðe, and þolige á his þegcnscipes, bútan he hine æt

Linked entries: dǽma doema

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

scríðan

(v.)
Grammar
scríðan, p. scráð, pl. scridon; pp. scriden, scriðen.
Entry preview:

Fífte cyn is wídscriþelra hleápera, ðe under muneces gegyrlan ǽghwider scríaþ, R. Ben. 135, 21. Bana wíde scráð (of the destroying angel that smote the firstborn of Egypt), Cd. Th. 180, 3 ; Exod. 39.

scínan

(v.)
Grammar
scínan, p. scán, sceán
Entry preview:

Án cyn ys olocryseis , ðæt is on úre geþeóde gecweden, ðæt heó eall golde scíne, Lchdm. i. 242, 13. Hig scínon ( luceant ) on ðære heofenan fæstnysse, Gen. 1, 15. Sunnan leóma cymeþ scýnan, Exon. Th. 56, 18; Cri. 902. Scínende refulgens , Lk.

híréd

Grammar
híréd, l. híred,

a family ⬩ a family ⬩ house ⬩ the family ⬩ court

Entry preview:

Hér se cyng heóld his híred on Winceastre tó þám Eástran, Chr. 1085; P. 216, 32.

Linked entries: híred-cniht híred-geréfa híred-lic híred-mann híred-preóst

récan

(v.)
Grammar
récan, réccan (reccan?); p. róhte
Entry preview:

Se cyng ne róhte ná hú swíðe synlíce ða geréfan hit begeátan, ne hú manige unlaga hí dydon, Chr. 1086; Erl. 220, 12. Hí woldon on elþeódignesse beón, hí ne róhton hwǽr, 891; Erl. 88, 8. Men ne róhton hwæt hý worhtan, Wulfst. 163, 16

þeón

(v.)
Grammar
þeón, [from þíhan; and this from an earlier nasal stem, of which traces are preserved in the past forms, where g has replaced h by Verner's law:-Ðunge pollesceret, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 40. Fród fæder freóbearn lǽrdewordum wísfæstum, ðæt hé wel þunge, Exon. Th. 300, 9; Fä. 3. See also the passages given under ge-þingan; ofer-þeón; ge-, heáh-, wel-þungen; on-þungan, Exon. Th. 497, 3; Rä. 85, 23 (omitted in its place)]
Entry preview:

Ðæt cynn þeáh, Wulfst. 13, 11. Heó ðurh mægðhád mǽrlíce þeáh, Homl. Skt. i. 2, 3. Cnæplingc weóx ł þéh puer pollesceret, Hpt. Gl. 466, 60. Hyhtful vel ðíendi indolis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 54.

Linked entries: þeóging þigaþ þunge -þungen ge-þeón

þringan

(v.)
Grammar
þringan, p. þrang, pl. þrungon; pp. þrungen.

To press ⬩ crowd ⬩ throng ⬩ to throng ⬩ press round, upon ⬩ crowd together ⬩ to press ⬩ move with violence, eagerness ⬩ hurry ⬩ press on ⬩ press forward ⬩ force a way

Entry preview:

Fugla cynn on healfa gehwone heápum, þringaþ contrahit in coetum sese genus omne volantum, 221, 18; Ph. 336. Gelíc sumum ðara gumena ðe him geornost mid þegnungum þringaþ ymbe útan, Met. 25, 28. Wergendra tó lyt þrong ymbe þeóden, Beo.

eard

Entry preview:

Beó hé útlah, búton him se cyng eard álýfe ( allow him to remain in the country ), 258, 20. Siþþan Engle and Seaxe Brytene sóhtan, eard begeátan, Chr. 937; P. 110, 7. Oð hié him þǽr eard genámon, Ors. 1, 10; S. 44, 27.

rúm

(adj.)
Grammar
rúm, adj.

roomy, spacious, ample, extensive ⬩ roomy, open, unencumbered. ⬩ long, extended ⬩ ample, great, liberal ⬩ unrestricted, clear, free from conditions ⬩ lax ⬩ ample, far-reaching ⬩ liberal. ⬩ great, noble, august

Entry preview:

Similar entries v. rúmian temporal, long, extended Bútan him se cyng rúmran fyrstes geunnan wolde, L. Eth. vii. 4; Th. i. 330, 12. of mental qualities, ample, great, liberal Ic mæg þurh rúmne sefan rǽd gelǽran, Beo. Th. 561; B. 278.

on-sendan

Entry preview:

suna þínne gelýfe, hǽlendne cyning hider onsendne, Hy. 10, 10. the object a thing, material, to cause to be conveyed to a goal Onsend Higelâce beaduscrûda betst, B. 452 : 1483. of a missile (lit. or fig. ) or destructive agency Drihten onsent manegra cynna

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