Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ge-sécan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sécan, -sécean; to -sǽcanne, -sécenne; part. -sécende, ic -séce, ðú -sécest -sécst, he -séceþ, -sécþ, pl. -sécaþ; p. -sóhte, pl. -sóhton ; pp. -sóht; v. a.

to seek, inquire, ask for ⬩ quærere, requirere, inquirere ⬩ to seek, go to, approach, look for, visit, come to ⬩ adire, ire vel proficisci, aliquo vel ad aliquem, visitare, venire, pervenire aliquo ⬩ to seek with hostile intention, to persecute, afflict, invade ⬩ hostiliter aggredi, invadere, corripere ⬩ to seek; go to, visit ⬩ ire, proficisci ⬩ to appoint, dispose, beset ⬩ exigere, disponere

Entry preview:

Land swíðe feor to gesécanne the land is very far to seek, Andr. Kmbl. 847; An. 424: Beo. Th. 3848; B. 1922. Ðonne ic ðas ilcan óðre síþe wíc geséce when I seek this same dwelling a second time, Cd. 109; Th. 144, 23; Gen. 2394.

Linked entries: ge-sahte ge-soecan

ge-girwan

Entry preview:

Wlite ðú gegeredest, 103, 1. to clothe with armour, arm Hét ic ǽlcne mon hine mid his wǽpnun gegerwan and faran forð jussi ut armati agmen sequerentur, Nar. 9, 26. Wǽpnum hié gegyrwan to arm themselves, 10, 28.

Linked entries: girwan ge-gerwan ge-girwung ge-gyrian

ge-neahhe

Entry preview:

Hí him on healfa gehwone ymbútan farað . . . geneahhe, Cri. 930.Ic þín sóð weorc séce geneahhe justificationes tuas exquisivi, Ps. Th. 118, 94 : 141, 2.

hálig-dóm

Entry preview:

B. ii. 389, 3-38. a collection of relics Se ilca kyning Ǽþelstán sende ofer sǽ getríwe men and gesceádwíse and hig férdon swá wíðe landes swá hig faran mihton and begeáton þá deórwurðestan mádmas þe ǽfre ofer eorðan begitene mihton beón, ꝥ wæs háligdóm

féða

(n.)
Grammar
féða, an; m.

a band on foot ⬩ infantry ⬩ a host ⬩ troop ⬩ tribe ⬩ company ⬩ phălanx pĕdestris ⬩ pĕdites ⬩ lĕgio ⬩ ăcies ⬩ trĭbus ⬩ căterva ⬩ a battle ⬩ pugna

Entry preview:

Hí bǽdon ðæt hí móston ofer ðone ford faran, féðan lǽdan they gave orders to go over the ford, to lead the troops onward, Byrht. Th. 134, 23; By. 88.

Linked entry: féðu

þringan

(v.)
Grammar
þringan, p. þrang, pl. þrungon; pp. þrungen.

To press ⬩ crowd ⬩ throng ⬩ to throng ⬩ press round, upon ⬩ crowd together ⬩ to press ⬩ move with violence, eagerness ⬩ hurry ⬩ press on ⬩ press forward ⬩ force a way

Entry preview:

Hé lǽteþ word út faran, þræfte þringan, 316, 1; Mód. 42. Ic gewíte þringan þrymme micle, 386, 13; Rä. 4, 61. Ne þurfon gé nó hogian on ðæm anwealde, ne him æfter þringan. Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 30. Hé lét willeburnan on woruld þringan, Cd.

weorþung

(n.)
Grammar
weorþung, e ; f.
Entry preview:

Hí tó Hierusalem faran woldon for ðære hálgan róde wurðunga, ðe man æfter náht manegum dagum wurðian sceolde, Homl.

wiþ-standan

(v.)
Grammar
wiþ-standan, p. -stód, pl. stódon; p. -standen.

to withstand ⬩ resist ⬩ to stand against ⬩ succeed in opposing ⬩ be a match for ⬩ refute ⬩ to stand in the way ⬩ be a hindrance ⬩ obstruct ⬩ prevent ⬩ be a preventive ⬩ to stand off ⬩ keep away, ⬩ be absent ⬩ to be hostile

Entry preview:

Th. 268, 5; Jul. 427. to stand off Similar entries (cf. wiþ in wiþ-faran), keep away, be absent Fearr dióules fácon uiðstonde procul diaboli fraus absistat, Rtl. 98, 32. Be ðon ðe mon wíf bycgge and ðonne sió gift wiðstande.

Linked entries: wiþer-standan wiþ-licgan

toll

(n.)
Grammar
toll, es; n. m. (?)

Toll, ⬩ tax, ⬩ custom, ⬩ duty, ⬩ due ⬩ that which is paid to the state. ⬩ that which is paid to individuals ⬩ taking toll

Entry preview:

Ðá hí nán þincg næfdon tó syllanne, ðá gyrnde hé ðæs wífes for ðam tolle (passage money, fare), ii. 30, 168. taking toll Matheus árás ðǽrrihte fram his tolle, Homl. Th. ii. 468, 10. Hé hine geseah sittan æt tolle, 18.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

ende-mes

Grammar
ende-mes, emdenes, emdemes.

together ⬩ coincidence ⬩ straightway ⬩ at once

Entry preview:

Þonne hig út farað tó ús, wé fleóð endemes, 8, 6. Cumað endemes tó mé gé ealle þe swincað venite ad me omnes qui laboratis, Hml. A. 10, 244. Hí cépton hwǽr hé mæssode, and urnon endemes tó, and hine gelæhton, Hml.

heáp

a band ⬩ company ⬩ the clergy ⬩ a choir ⬩ an army ⬩ a host ⬩ a troop ⬩ company ⬩ a crew ⬩ a collection ⬩ in company ⬩ together

Entry preview:

D. on heap.] of things Gewíteð mid þý wuldre on westrodor tungaol faran on heápe the sun and its glory together depart journeying to the western heaven, Sch. 69

uppan

(prep.)
Grammar
uppan, (-on); prep. dat. acc.

upon ⬩ on ⬩ above ⬩ upon ⬩ at ⬩ after ⬩ upon ⬩ on to ⬩ upon ⬩ against

Entry preview:

Se cyng him náþer nolde ne gíslas syllan ne uppon trýwðan geunnon ðæt hé mid griðe cumon móste and faran, Chr, 1095; Erl. 231, 24. acc. where there is motion on to a surface, upon, on to Ðú gítst ðæt blód uppan ðæt weofod fundes sanguinem super altare

Linked entries: uppon on-uppan

swegel

(n.)
Grammar
swegel, swegl, es; n.
Entry preview:

On swegl faran, Exon. Th. 32, 15; Cri. 513. the sun (but can swegel here = segel, sigel (q.v.) ? cf. swegl = segl a sail, Cd. Th. 184, 10; Exod. 105: 182, 26; Exod. 81) Heofontorht swegl gescyndeþ under foldan fæþm, farende tungol, Exon.

Linked entries: swegel-horn swegl be-falden

freó

Entry preview:

Hé hét hí unbindan ... ꝥ hí frige móston faran swá hwider swá hí woldon, Hml. S. 23, 191. free from obligation or restraint upon action (with gen.) Ðá ðe beóð mid synscipe gebundene ..., ðá ðe beóð frió ðára benda, Past. 177, 21. Freó, 393, 21.

god-spell

Entry preview:

Þonne gé faran godspel tó lǽrenne, Bl. H. 233, 17. <b>I a.</b> the Christian dispensation (in contrast with the Mosaic) :-- Sé þe Godes beboda forsyhð nú on þæs godspelles tíman, Hml. S. 18, 477.

wacian

(v.)
Grammar
wacian, p. ode

To watch ⬩ wake ⬩ to remain awake ⬩ not to sleep ⬩ to be freed from obstruction ⬩ to open ⬩ to be alert ⬩ to watch ⬩ be on the watch ⬩ be on guard ⬩ to watch ⬩ be on the watch to injure

Entry preview:

Ðæt heó mihte beón ácenned, and wacian, and árísan, and faran of stówe tó óþerre, Blickl. Homl. 19, 22. to keep one's self awake or alert because there is special need of attention, to watch, be on the watch, be on guard Ic ðé tó wacie (waecio, Ps.

Linked entries: a-wacian wæcian

ge-staþelian

(v.)
Entry preview:

VIII. to strengthen a town with troops, garrison :-- Fór Eádweard cyning tó Mældúne and getimbrede þá burg and gestaðelode ǽr hé þonon fóre (King Edward went as far as Maldon, and rebuilt the town, placing a guard of soldiers in it before he left it,

Linked entry: ge-staþeled

weg

(n.)
Grammar
weg, (wig,
  • Kent. Gl. 207
    • :
  • 475
    • :
  • 772
; pl. , weogas,
  • 21
), es; m.

a road (lit. or fig.) made for passengers, a path commonly used ⬩ space to be traversed, a journey ⬩ manner, mode, method, plan ⬩ way, ⬩ way,

Entry preview:

Nán man ne mihte faran þurh ðone weg (woeg, Lind.: wæge, Rush.), Mt. Kmbl. 8, 28. Sceáweras, ðæt cýðon ús, on hwilcne weg wé faran sceolon (per quod iter debeamus ascendere), Deut. 1, 22. Ðú weg nimest geond deóp wæter, Cd. Th. 80, 16; Gen. 1329.

Linked entries: wí=weg eorþ-weg wæg wei lá wei wig weogas

hwæþer

(con.)
Grammar
hwæþer, conj.
Entry preview:

H. 3, 9. hwæþer ... oþþe Deófol mót ǽlces mannes áfondian, hwæðer hé áht sý oððe náht; hwæðer hé God mid inweardlicre heortan lufige oððe hé mid híwunge fare, Hml. Th. i. 268, 11-14. Hueðer ... oþþe (ł MS.) utrum ... an, Jn. L., R. 7, 17.

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.