Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

ceorl

Entry preview:

:-- Wæs Eaxeceaster ábrocen þurh þone Frenciscan ceorl Hugon (far ánes Frencisces ceorles ðingan Hugo hátte, v. l.) through the French fellow, Hugh, Chr. 1003; P. 135, 5. the legal status of the ceorl is illustrated by the following passages Gif on

Q

Grammar
Q, This letter occurs but seldom in Anglo-Saxon; in those native words where qu is now found, e. g. quick, quoth, cw or cu was written, cwic, cuic, cwæþ, cuæþ. In the glossary (belonging to the eighth century) given in Wrt. Voc. ii. 98 sqq. are six instances of words beginning with qu, and four others occur in the same volume; in the Blickling Gloss the form quémde glosses complacebam, and the foreign word
Entry preview:

reliquias retained its original form

hálsian

(v.)
Grammar
hálsian, heálsian [Ettmüller connects this verb in the sense obsecrare with hals, and writes halsian, healsian; the forms in which ea occurs seem to favour this writing, while reference to cognate dialects seems to point to á]

To beseech, entreat, implore, adjure, conjure, exorcise ⬩ augurari ⬩ to salute, greet

Entry preview:

To beseech, entreat, implore, adjure, conjure, exorcise Ic hálsige and bidde ðone gelǽredan ðæt hé ðæt ús ne wíte I beseech and beg the learned not to blame us for it, Guthl. prol; Gdwin. 2, 10: Blickl. Homl. 57, 33. Ic hálsige ðé þurh ðone lifiendan

Agustus

(n.)
Grammar
Agustus, nom. acc. gen. Agustuses; dat.- Agustuse; m. [generally spelled incorrectly in Anglo-Saxon MSS: Agustus, as well as Agustinus, for Augustus and Augustīnus, from augustus majestic, august, from augeo to increase, exalt, honour, praise] ,

Augustus ⬩ the month of August ⬩ mensis Augustus

Entry preview:

Augustus, the first Roman emperor, reigned from A. C. 30 to A. D. 14 Wearþ Agustus sárig Augustus was grieved, Ors. 5, 15; Bos. 114, 38. Agustuses látteówas the generals of Augustus, 5, 15; Bos. 114, 34. Búton Agustuse sylfum without Augustus himself

Linked entry: Augustus

láþettan

Grammar
láþettan, [In the last two passages láþettan translates infestare, which however is for infestari. The original Latin of the two translations is: Canes latrantes uiderit vel eis infestare, and: Camelos uidere et ab eis se uiderit infestare.]
Entry preview:

For 'To be odious . . . hate' substitute: to abhor, execrate, hate, hold in detestation Þíne goda ic láðette and him teónan dó ego diis tuis abominationem feci Angl. xvii. 116, 4. Man tó forð láþet þæt man scolde lufian, Wlfst. 165, 3 [: 168, 13: Wrt

Linked entry: lǽþettan

C

Grammar
C, In Gothic and Icelandic C is entirely wanting, being always represented by k. It is remarkable that the Anglo-Saxons have seldom made use of k; but, following the Latin, have preferred the use of c.
Entry preview:

the letter c is found as an initial, medial, and final. — As an initial letter it corresponds to the Gothic amd Icelandic k; as, — A. Sax. corn corn, Goth. karn, Icel. korn; A. Sax. ceósan to choose, Goth. kiusan, Icel. kjósa. As a

a-lecgan

(v.)
Grammar
a-lecgan, -lecgean; he -legeþ, -legþ, -lehþ, pl. -lecgaþ; p. -legde, -léde , pl. -legdon, -lédon; pp. -legd, -léd; v. trans. [a from, lecgan to lay] .

to place ⬩ lay down ⬩ throw down ⬩ suppress ⬩ lay aside ⬩ cease from ⬩ ponere ⬩ collocare ⬩ prosternere ⬩ deponere ⬩ abjicere ⬩ relinquere ⬩ omittere ⬩ to impose ⬩ inflict upon ⬩ imponere ⬩ immittere ⬩ to diminish ⬩ take away ⬩ refuse ⬩ imminuere ⬩ deprimere ⬩ reprimere

Entry preview:

Alecgende word ðæt is deponens verbum, for ðan ðe he legþ him fram ða áne getácnunge, and hylt ða óðre.

þweán

(v.)
Grammar
þweán, p. þwóh, pl. þwógon; pp. þwagen, þwægen, þwegen, þwogen.

to wash ⬩ to anoint.

Entry preview:

Ne þweh ðú ná míne fét áne, Jn. Skt. 13, 9. Þweáð eówre fét, Gen. 19, 2. Ne beðearf búton ðæt man his fét þweá (áðóa, Lind.: ðwǽ, Rush.), Jn. Skt. 13, 10. Búton hí hyra handa þweán, Mk. Skt. 7, 3.

ge-sendan

Entry preview:

Gesended ne ꝥ áne word emissum non solum uerbum, Mk. p. I. 10. the object not expressed to send a messenger or a message Gié gesendon tó Ióhanne and cýðnise getrymede, Jn. L. 5, 33. Hí gesendon in alle lond ðǽm, Mt. L. 14, 35

má

(adj.)
Entry preview:

Sý hit ofer áne scíre, sý hit ofer má, 224, 27. Þú hæfst mé manega bysna gereihte, and ic hæbbe sælf gesegen on bócum má þonne ic áreccan mage, Solil.

wæl-hreów

(adj.)
Grammar
wæl-hreów, -hreáw, -reów, -rǽw; adj.

Cruel ⬩ barbarous ⬩ bloodthirsty

Entry preview:

Ða áne ætwundon ðínum wælhreáwum handum, Homl. Th. ii. 308, 25. Hwæt is wælhreówre betwux næddercynne ðonne draca? i. 486, 31. Ðú wælhreówasta wímman, Homl. Skt. i. 7, 182. of things Ðæt wíf gelýfde his wælhreówum geðeahte, Homl. Th. ii. 30, 15.

cristen

(adj.)
Grammar
cristen, def.se cristena; sup. se cristenesta; adj. [Crist Christ]

Christian ⬩ christianus

Entry preview:

Him sealde Iustinus áne cristene bóc Justin gave him a Christian book 6, 12; Bos. 121, 24. Godes þeówas for eall cristen folc þingian let the servants of God intercede for all Christian people L. Eth. v. 4; Th. i. 304, 25: vi. 2; Th. i. 314, 18:;L.

GÁT

(n.)
Grammar
GÁT, nom. acc; gen. gáte, gǽte; dat. gǽt; pl. nom. acc. gǽt, gét; gen. gáta; dat. gátum; f.

A she-GOAT ⬩ capra

Entry preview:

Geoffra me áne þríwintre gát sūme mihi capram trīmam, Gen. 15, 9 : Lev. 3, 12 : 4, 28 : 5. 6. Hý beofiaþ fóre Freán, swá fúle swá gǽt they shall tremble before the Lord, as foul as goats, Exon. 26 a; Th. 75, 34; Cri, 1231.

first

time ⬩ respite ⬩ (additional) time ⬩ in time

Entry preview:

Hé hæfde fyrst áne feáwa geára, Hml. S. 12, 121. Áge hé þreóra nihta fierst him tó gebeorganne, Ll. Th. i. 62, I. Hé ongan cleopian: 'Fyrst la oð morgen' coepit clamare: 'Inducias vel usque mane,' Gr. D. 326, 13.

Linked entry: fyrst

ge-namian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Wé habbað áne gástlice módor, seó is ecclesia genamod, Wlfst. 67, 14. Ðæt land is on þreó genamod, ðæt is Hengest-esíg and Seofocanwyrð and Wihthám the land is divided into three parts named respectively . . . C. D. v. 401, 25.

hladan

(v.)
Grammar
hladan, p. hlód;pp. hladen.

to heap, ⬩ pile up, ⬩ build, ⬩ place, ⬩ lade, ⬩ load, ⬩ freight ⬩ to lade, ⬩ draw [water]; ⬩ haurire

Entry preview:

Ðá mid áne helme hlód hit, Nar. 8, 3: Homl. Th. ii. 118, 21. Ða þénas ðe ðæt wæter hlódon ministri qui haurierant aquam, Jn. Skt. 2, 9. Hladaþ hauríte, 8.

Linked entries: hlæd hlædel hlæst

swipu

(n.)
Grammar
swipu, e; swipu(-e), an; f.: swipa (?), an; m.

literal, a scourge, whip, rod ⬩ that with which a stroke is struck, a sword (?), a javelin ⬩ affliction, chastisement ⬩ a whip ⬩ a lash, switch ⬩ for a top, ⬩ or scoorge flagellum

Entry preview:

Hé worhte áne swipe of rápum, Homl. Th. i. 406, 7. Leádene swipa and óðre gepílede swipa wurdon forð áborene, 424, 20. Swipena flagrorum, i. flagellorum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 30: Hpt. Gl. 487, 58. Swipum mastigiis, flagris, 487, 49: flagris, Wrt.

Linked entries: swipa swipe

bæþ

a bath for washing ⬩ the bath of fish or sea-fowl:--

Entry preview:

Similar entries v. baþian Sé hét áfyllan áne cyfe mid weallendum ele . . hé (John) ungewemmed of ðám hátum bæðe eóde, Hml. Th. i. 58, 29. Baðe, Ælfc. T. Grn. 16, 20.

un-þanc

(n.)
Grammar
un-þanc, es; m.

disfavour ⬩ displeasure ⬩ anger ⬩ ill-will ⬩ an unpleasing act ⬩ a displeasure ⬩ an offence ⬩ annoyance ⬩ not thanks ⬩ displeasure expressed in words ⬩ unwillingly ⬩ without consent ⬩ on compulsion ⬩ ingratis ⬩ without (a person's) consent ⬩ not of (one's own) accord ⬩ against (one's) will

Entry preview:

Án his manna wolde wícian æt ánes búndan húse his unðances, Chr. 1048; Erl. 177, 36. Þeáh him ðæt word ofscute his unnþances licet verbum illud improviso exprimerit, 1055; Erl. 189, 6.

Linked entry: un-þances

wrítan

(v.)
Grammar
wrítan, p. wrát, pl. writon; pp. writen

To write. ⬩ to cut ⬩ to draw ⬩ to form letters ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ to compose, ⬩ be the author of ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ write ⬩ to write ⬩ state ⬩ to write ⬩ get a thing written ⬩ to convey by charter

Entry preview:

Wearð gesewen swilce ánes mannes hand wrítende on ðære healle wage, Homl. Th. ii. 434, 33. to write a book, narrative, etc. to compose, be the author of Ne wéne ǽnig ðæt ic lygewordum leóð somnige, wríte wóþcræfte, Exon. Th. 234, 30; Ph. 548.

Linked entries: wrítere wrítian