Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

gringan

(v.)
Grammar
gringan, ic gringe, ðú gringest, gringst, he gringeþ, gringþ, pl. gringaþ; p. grang, pl. grungon; pp. grungen
Entry preview:

To sink down, perish; occumbere, prosterni On herefelda hǽðene grungon the heathen sank down upon the battlefield, Elen. Kmbl. 252; El. 126

Linked entries: gring cringan

æppel

(n.)
Grammar
æppel, nom. ac. pl. æp(p)la, ap(p)la, æpplas (apples of eye); gen. pl. appla, æpplena; m.: appla (-u, v. finger-æppel), æppel (? æppel mala, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 40); n.

an apple (in a special and in a general sense as in oak-apple) ⬩ an apple-shaped object ⬩ an eye-ball

Entry preview:

Add: an apple (in a special and in a general sense as in oak-apple) Æppel pomum, Ælfc. Gr. 31, 4. Ęppel malum, Kent. Gl. 962. Scoldon hangigan reáde apla mala punica Hwæt is getácnod ðurh ðá reádan apla (appla, l. 13)?

MAGAN

(v.)
Grammar
MAGAN, (the infin. does not occur in W. S. but mæge glosses posse,
  • Mk. Skt. p. 3, 1
    • ;
and <b>magende</b>
(cf. Icel. megandi) = quiens,
  • Ælfc. Gr. 41
    • ;
  • Som. 44, 21.

to be strong ⬩ efficacious ⬩ to avail ⬩ prevail ⬩ be sufficient ⬩ to be strong ⬩ be in good health ⬩ to be able ⬩ may ⬩ may

Entry preview:

Ðonne ðú mé getrymedest, ðæt ic teala mihte, Ps. Th. 70, 20. to be able, may (because a thing is possible) Ic mæg queo; magende quiens, Ælfc. Gr. 41; Som. 44, 21. Ic mæg queo, ðú miht quis, hé mæg quit; ic mihte quivi, 30; Som. 35, 5. With infin.

Linked entry: mæg

ealu

(v.)
Grammar
ealu, (-o,-a). For 'generally indecl. in sing.' substitute: gen. ealoþ (-aþ, -eþ), alþes (Rtl.); dat. inst. ealoþ (-aþ, -eþ); acc. ealu (-o, -a); gen. pl. ealeþa,
Entry preview:

Voc. ii. 17, 24: i. 290, 61. Ealu celeum, cervise, ii. 130, 47. Æþele alu carenum, 23, 1. Gif ealo áwerd sié, Lch. ii. 142, 10. Twégen fǽtels full ealað oððe wæteres, Ors. 1, 1; S. 21, 16. Lytel níwes ealoð, Lch. i. 388, 8.

ge-lýfan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-lýfan, -lífan, -léfan; to -lýfanne, -lýfenne ; part. -lýfende; ic -lýfe, ðú -lýfest, -lýfst, he -lýfeþ, -lýfþ, pl. -lýfaþ; p- ic, he -lýfde, ðú -lýfdest, pl. -lýfdon; impert. -lýf, pl. -lýfe, -lýfaþ; subj. pres. -lýfe, pl. -lýfon ; pp. -lýfed

To believe, confide, trust, hope ⬩ crēdĕre, confīdĕre, spērāre

Entry preview:

Ne gelýfe ic nó, ðæt . . . I do not believe that . . . Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 4 : Exon. 82 a; Th. 309, 33; Seef. 66.

Linked entries: ge-lǽfan ge-léfan ge-léfan ge-leófst ge-lífan

mór

Grammar
mór, I. add: — Hí eardiað an þæs gedwildes móre and meoxe (in luto heresis), Chrd. 96, 31. Móras salebras, i. loca lutosa, An. Ox. 17, 63. The word occurs often in charters, v. Midd. Flur.

gold-hord

Grammar
gold-hord, [In Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 63 the MS. has gold-hold. v. Wülck. Gl. 187, 17.]
Entry preview:

On þám þe wæs behýdd se heofonlica goldhord, Ælfc. T. Grn. 13, 2. Se goldhord þe þú geméttest, Hml. S. 23, 603. Swíðe ealdne goldhord, 570. Unárímedlicu goldhord innumeri thesauri, Nar. 5, 10. Hér Rómáne gesomnodón al þá goldhord þe on Bretene wǽron,

on-týnness

Grammar
on-týnness,
Dele, and see <b>on-tygness.</b>

ge-dón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-dón, ic -dó, ðú -dést, he -déþ, pl. -dóþ; p. -dyde, pl. -dydon; pp. dén, -dón

To do ⬩ make ⬩ put ⬩ cause ⬩ effect ⬩ reach a place ⬩ facere

Entry preview:

To do, make, put, cause, effect, reach a place; facere Ic sceal cunnan hwæt ðú gedón wille I shall know what thou wilt do, Andr. Kmbl. 684; An. 343. Ðú ne miht ǽnne locc gedón hwítne non potes unum capillum album facere, Mt. Bos. 5, 36.

fóre-witan

(v.)
Grammar
fóre-witan, fór-witan; ic, he -wát, ðú -wást, pl. -witon; p. -wiste, pl. -wiston; pp. -witen

To foreknow ⬩ præscīre

Entry preview:

To foreknow; præscīre He eall fórewát hú hit geweorþan sceal he foreknows all how it shall come to pass, Bt. 39, 5; Fox 218, 27

Linked entry: fór-witan

GEÓTAN

(v.)
Grammar
GEÓTAN, ic geóte, ðú gýtst, he gýt, pl. geótaþ; p. geát, gét, pl. guton; pp. goten; v. a.

to pour, pour out, shed ⬩ fundere, effundere, profundere ⬩ to flow, stream ⬩ profluere ⬩ to found, cast ⬩ to cast

Entry preview:

Ðý læs weras and idesa on geáþ gutan lest men and women should pour it forth in mockery, Exon. 50 b; Th. 176, 8; Gú. 1207. Ofer hleór goten poured over the cheek, Elen.

twégen

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
twégen, (twegen? In the later MSS. of the Gospels tweigen and twegen are found, but ei may represent earlier e, e. g. weig, Lk. 1, 79, eige, 2, 9; or é, e. g. wreigende, 23, 10, wreigeð, 23, 14: Layamon has tweiȝe, tweien: in the Ormulum the form is tweȝȝen); m.: twá, twuá; f.: tú, tuu, twá; n.: gen. twéga, twégea, tweágea, twíga, twégera, twégra (later Gospels have tweigre, tweire); dat. twám, twǽm. Besides these West Saxon are the following forms, nom. acc. twǽgen, twœgen, tuoegi, tuoege, tuóge, tuoe, tué; m.: f. tuoege: gen. tuoega, tuoe, twégen, tuoegara,twoegra, tuoera.
Entry preview:

Tuu in líchome ánum, Rtl. 106, 32. Twéga sang bicinium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 13, 4. On twégra gewittnesse (in múð tuoe witnesa, Lind.: in múþe twégen gewitnesse, Rush.: tweigre, later MS.) in ore duorum testium, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 16.

Linked entries: tú tuu twá

DRAGAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRAGAN, ic drage, ðú drægest, drægst, dræhst, he drægeþ, drægþ, dræhþ, pl. dragaþ; p. dróg, dróh, pl.drógon ; pp. dragen.

DRAG, draw ⬩ trahĕre ⬩ To draw oneself, to draw, go ⬩ se conferre, ire

Entry preview:

Simon Petrus dróg ðæt nett on eorþe Simon Petrus traxit rete in terram, Jn. Lind. War. 21, 11. Hí me drógon, and is hit nyste ... hit mon drægþ swá hit ne gefret traxērunt me et ego non sensi ... trahĭtur et nequaquam sentit, Past. 56, 2; Hat. MS.

brosnian

(v.)
Grammar
brosnian, part. brosniende; ic brosnige, ðú brosnast, he brosnaþ, pl. brosniaþ; p. ode, ade; pp. od

To corrupt, decay, rot, perish ⬩ corrumpi, deficere, dissolvi, perire

Entry preview:

Brosnaþ enta geweorc, hrófas sind gehrorene the work of giants is decaying, the roofs are fallen, Exon. 124 a; Th. 476, 4; Ruin. 2: Beo. Th. 4512; B. 2260.

Linked entry: ge-brosnod

BEÓN

(v.)
Grammar
BEÓN, [bión], to beónne; part. beónde; ic beó [beóm], ðú bist, byst, he biþ, byþ, pl. beóþ; impert. beó, pl. beóþ; subj. beó, pl. beón

To BE ⬩ exist ⬩ become ⬩ esse ⬩ fieri

Entry preview:

Ic ðæs folces beó hyrde I am the people's pastor Cd. 106; Th. 139, 24; Gen. 2314. Ic beó gearo sóna I shall be soon ready Beo. Th. 3655; B. 1825 : Exon. 71 a; Th. 264, 17; Jul. 365 : Andr. Kmbl. 144; An. 72. Ic beó hál I shall be safe Mt.

Linked entries: byst byþ beó beóm beóþ beóðan beþ bión bióþ ge-beón

ge-beorgan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-beorgan, to -beorganne; p. ic, he -bearg, -bearh, ðú -burge, pl. -burgon; pp. -borgen [ge-, beorgan to save]

To save ⬩ protect ⬩ defend ⬩ secure ⬩ spare ⬩ preserve ⬩ servāre ⬩ salvāre ⬩ tuēri ⬩ defendĕre ⬩ arcēre ⬩ parcĕre

Entry preview:

Gebeorh ðe on ðam munte in monte salvum te fac, Gen. 19, 17 : Homl. Th. i. 416, 17. Ðæt hí him gebeorgen bogan and strǽle ut fŭgiant a făcie arcus, Ps. Th. 59, 4. Ne biþ us geborgen we shall not be secure, Homl. Th. 1. 56, 18

Linked entries: ge-bearg ge-borgen

tweógan

Grammar
tweógan, <b>I c.</b> add after Swt. 192, 15: 5, 7; S. 230, 20. <b>II a.</b>
Entry preview:

Add Ic wát ꝥ hí tweógiað be þǽre sáwle life æfter þæs líchaman deáðe multos ... de vita animae post mortem carnis perpendo dubitare, Gr. D. 259, 7.

eo

(n.)
Grammar
eo, I. unaccented, generally stands before two consonants lc, ld, lf, rc, rd, rf, rg, rh, rl, rm, rn, rp, rr, rt, rþ, x; as, Geolca a yolk, sceolde should, seolfor silver, deorc dark, sweord a sword, ceorfan to carve, beorgan to protect, beorht bright, eorl earl, beorma barm, eornost earnest, weorpan to throw, steorra a star, heorte the heart, eorþe the earth, meox dung. II. eó accented, the diphthong, generally stands before the consonants c, d, f, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, st, t, w; as, Seóc sick, beódan to bid, þeóf a thief, fleógan to fly, hreóh rough, hweól a wheel, leóma a ray of light, beón to be, deóp deep, beór beer, ceosan to choose, breóst the breast, fleótan to float, leóþ a song, ceówan to chew. 2. eó is also the termination of many words, and then the ó in eó is always accented; as, Beó a bee; ic beó

I shall be

Entry preview:

I shall be; freó free; gleó glee; seó the; seó sim, sis, sit; treó a tree; breó three, etc

grípan

(v.)
Grammar
grípan, ic grípe, ðú grípest, grípst, he grípeþ, gripþ, pl. grípeþ; p. gráp, pl. gripon; pp. gripen; v. a.
Entry preview:

To GRIPE, grasp, seize, lay hold of, apprehend; capĕre, rapĕre, prehendĕre, apprehendere Ic on Lothe gefrægn hǽþne heremæcgas handum grípan I heard that the heathen leaders seized on Lot with their hands, Cd. 114; Th. 149, 32; Gen. 2483: 219; Th. 281

Linked entry: ge-grípan

scírig-mann

(n.)
Grammar
scírig-mann, es; m.
Entry preview:

Th. 275, 276, and in this sense it is taken by Kemble, v. Saxons in England, ii. 168 sq. In another charter the same person is mentioned, but without the title: a grant of land is made by Ethelred to Winchester 'ofer Wulfsiges dæg preóstes,' Cod.

Linked entry: scír-mann

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