Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

reord

(n.)
Grammar
reord, e: ;f, :; es; ;n.;

Speech, tongue, language, voice;

Entry preview:

Geác monaþ geómran reorde, 309, 7; Seef. 53. Ðæt him ða swá cúþe wǽron swá his ágene reorde ðe hé on ácenned wæs ;ut tam notas ac familiares sibi eas; (Latin and Greek), ;quam nativitatis suae loquelam haberet,; Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 17.

Linked entry: ge-reord

Æðelbryht

(n.)
Grammar
Æðelbryht, -berht, -briht, es; m. [æðele, bryht bright, excellent. v. beorht] .

Ethelbert king of Kent ⬩ Ethelbert the second ⬩ Æthelbryhtus

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Æðelbriht] rícsode v gear here, A. D. 860, king Æthelbald died, and Ethelbert succeeded to all the kingdom [Wessex] of his brother, and Ethelbert reigned five years. Chr. 860; Erl. 71, 3-10

Linked entry: Berhte

un-gesǽlig

(adj.)
Grammar
un-gesǽlig, adj.

Unhappy ⬩ unfortunate ⬩ unhappy ⬩ suffering ⬩ misfortune ⬩ calamity ⬩ suffering want of moral good ⬩ causing unhappiness ⬩ unfortunate ⬩ calamitous ⬩ unprofitable ⬩ evil

Entry preview:

Gl. 716. of things, unfortunate, calamitous Ðis ungesǽlige geár infaustus ille annus, Bd. 3, 1; S. 523, 32. unprofitable, evil Se ungesǽliga gewuna beláf of hǽðenra manna biggenge, Homl. Ass. 146, 47.

Linked entries: ge-sǽlig un-sǽlig

be-fóran

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
be-fóran, l. be-foran, and add:

in the presence of ⬩ in front of an object ⬩ a-head of ⬩ over against ⬩ before ⬩ in advance of: ⬩ into the presence of ⬩ before ⬩ in advance

Entry preview:

Wæs hé beforan ær þá þreó gear gecrístnod, Bl. H. 215, 35. Swá Antecríst ǽr beforan dyde, 95, 3. Eal hé ꝥ ǽr beforan on onlíc weorc áteáh, 215, 5

ríce

(n.)
Grammar
ríce, es; n.

power ⬩ authority ⬩ dominion ⬩ rule ⬩ empire ⬩ reign ⬩ bishops ⬩ consuls ⬩ a kingdom ⬩ realm ⬩ a diocese ⬩ a nation

Entry preview:

From ðæm ǽrestan geáre Ninuses ríces óþðæt Babylonia burg getimbred wæs wǽron lxiiii wintra . . . ðý ilcan geáre gefeóll Babylonia and eall Asiria ríce and hiora anwald, Ors. 2, 1; Swt. 60, 25-32. Wæs Maximianes ríce brád, Exon. Th. 243, 10; Jul. 8.

þurh

(prep.)
Grammar
þurh, þurg, þuruh, þorh, þorch, þerh, þerih, þærh; prep.

Through ⬩ through ⬩ for ⬩ during ⬩ through ⬩ by ⬩ through ⬩ by ⬩ by means of ⬩ by use of ⬩ through ⬩ in consequence of ⬩ as the result of ⬩ by reason of ⬩ on account of ⬩ through ⬩ from ⬩ through ⬩ in virtue of ⬩ by right of ⬩ in ⬩ by ⬩ in the character of ⬩ by way of ⬩ in ⬩ with ⬩ with a view to ⬩ through ⬩ by ⬩ in

Entry preview:

Gangaþ inn þurh (ðerh, Lind.) ðæt nearwe geat, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 13: Lk. Skt. 18, 25. Syllan drincan þurh þyrel, Exon. Th. 485, 1; Rä. 71, 7. Ðá férde hé þurh (ðerh, Lind.) hyra mydlen, Lk. Skt. 4, 30.

Cynewulf

(n.)
Grammar
Cynewulf, es; m.
Entry preview:

ᚹ [wén] is geswíþrad, <b>W</b> [hope] is overpowered, gomen æfter gearum, my joy in my old age, geógoþ is gecyrred youth is turned back ald onmedla. my old pride.

for-faran

(v.)
Grammar
for-faran, p. -fór, pl. -fóron; pp. -faren [for-, faran to go] .

to go or pass away ⬩ perish ⬩ perīre ⬩ to cause to pass away ⬩ cause to perish ⬩ to destroy ⬩ perdĕre

Entry preview:

Mycel orfes wæs ðæs geáres forfaren much cattle was destroyed this year, 1041; Erl. 169, 8. Wearþ micel his heres forfaren many of his army were destroyed, 1067; Erl. 204, 9. Fordoes ł forfæras perdiderit, Mt. Kmb. Lind. 10, 39

Linked entry: for-ferian

frum-gár

(n.)
Grammar
frum-gár, es; m.

a chieftain ⬩ leader ⬩ prince ⬩ patriarch ⬩ primĭpīlus ⬩ prŏcer ⬩ dux ⬩ princeps ⬩ patriarcha

Entry preview:

[frum prīmus; gár a spear.] a chieftain, leader, prince, patriarch; primĭpīlus, prŏcer, dux, princeps, patriarcha Geared se frumgár wæs his freómágum leóf Jared the patriarch was dear to his kindred, Cd. 59; Th. 72, 7; Gen. 1183.

æt-foran

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Ꝥ heregyld wæs ǽfre ætforan óðrum gyldum þe man geald, Chr. 1052; P. 173, 22. adv. Before, beforehand Wǽron þá wælisce men ætforan mid þám cynge, Chr. 1048; P. 174, 9

fæc

(n.)
Grammar
fæc, (n. and) m.

distance ⬩ room

Entry preview:

Ofer ealne geáres fæc, Wlfst. 102, 15. Þá lǽcedómas ne sculon on áne þráge tó lange beón tó gedóne, ac sculon fæc habban betweónum, Lch. ii. 186, 13. Ymb lytel fæc paulo post, Past. 283, 1.

ge-teld

Entry preview:

Th. ii. 242, 8. the necessity for tents when travelling in England is suggested by the following :-- Alfwold bisceop geann þám æþelinge twegra getelda, and Alfwolde munuce ánes horses and ánes geteldes, Cht. Crw. 23, 10 - 12.

mód

Grammar
mód, <b>. I a.</b>
Entry preview:

Ic eów sumes fyrstes geann ꝥ gé eów sylfe beþencean and on beteran móde gebringan, Hml. S. 23, 188. Add

wel-willende

(adj.)
Grammar
wel-willende, adj. (ptcpl.)

of good will ⬩ benevolent ⬩ benignant ⬩ kind

Entry preview:

Ða welwillendan benevoli, Swt. 229, 10. of right will, right-minded Ðá Dauid ðysne sealm sancg, ðá gealp hé and fægnode Godes fultumes wið his feóndum; and swá déð ǽlc welwillende man, ðe ðisne sealm singð Ps. Th. 4, arg

dúru

(n.)
Grammar
dúru, gen. e; dat. e , a ; acc. e, a, u; pl. nom. a; gen. ena; dat. um; acc. a, u; f: dúre, an; f.

An opening, a door, the door of a house ⬩ ostium, jānua, fŏris

Entry preview:

An opening, a door, the door of a house; ostium, jānua, fŏris Dúru ymbstandennesse welerum mínum 'keep the door [opening ostium] of my lips,' Eng. versn. Ps. Lamb. 140, 3. Seó dúru wæs belocen clausa erat jānua, Mt. Bos. 25, l0. Dúru sóna on arn soon

Linked entry: dúre

un-tela

(adv.)
Grammar
un-tela, adv. (but in some cases it seems a noun?)

Not well ⬩ ill ⬩ badly

Entry preview:

Swá micle hí onfóð ðǽr máre wíte, swá hí hér gearor witon ðæt hí untela dóð, and [hit] ðeáh nyllað forlǽtan tanto illic graviora tormenta percipiat, quanto hic malum non deserit, etiam quod ipsa condemnat, 55; Swt. 429, 19.

wræc

(n.)
Grammar
wræc, es; n.

wrack ⬩ misery ⬩ suffering ⬩ suffering that comes as punishment, ⬩ retributive punishment ⬩ vengeance ⬩ where the punishment or misery is exile or banishment

Entry preview:

Hé wæs ðǽr iii. gear on wrece (wræce, wreccesíð, v. ll. ) ; hæfde hine Penda ádrifenne, Chr. 658; Erl. 34, 4. Hé (Abraham) on wræce lifde he lived a wanderer, Cd. Th. 202, 5; Exod. 383.

swencan

(v.)
Grammar
swencan, p. te; pp. swenced, swenct (cf. swinkt = wearied, Comus v. 293)

To cause a person to labour, to cause trouble to a person ⬩ where no good is implied, to harass, vex, afflict, distress ⬩ where a good result is intended, to mortify, chasten ⬩ verberare

Entry preview:

Perseus wæs ealne ðone geár Rómáne swíþe swencende, Ors. 4, 11; Swt. 208, 13. Forhwon sindun gé swæncende ( molesti ) ðam wífe? Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 26, 10. Fram unclǽnum gáste swenced beón ab immundo spiritu vexari, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 11.

Agustus

(n.)
Grammar
Agustus, nom. acc. gen. Agustuses; dat.- Agustuse; m. [generally spelled incorrectly in Anglo-Saxon MSS: Agustus, as well as Agustinus, for Augustus and Augustīnus, from augustus majestic, august, from augeo to increase, exalt, honour, praise] ,

Augustus ⬩ the month of August ⬩ mensis Augustus

Entry preview:

Augustus, the first Roman emperor, reigned from A. C. 30 to A. D. 14 Wearþ Agustus sárig Augustus was grieved, Ors. 5, 15; Bos. 114, 38. Agustuses látteówas the generals of Augustus, 5, 15; Bos. 114, 34. Búton Agustuse sylfum without Augustus himself

Linked entry: Augustus

ge-byrd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-byrd, gen. dat. -byrde; acc. -byrde, -byrd; pl. nom. gen. acc. a; dat. um; f : ge -byrdo; indecl. in s; f : found in both s. and pl. without any apparent difference of meaning.

birth ⬩ origin ⬩ beginning ⬩ parentage ⬩ family ⬩ lineage ⬩ nativitas ⬩ origo ⬩ stirps ⬩ genus ⬩ nature ⬩ quality ⬩ state ⬩ condition ⬩ lot ⬩ fate ⬩ natura ⬩ qualitas ⬩ conditio ⬩ sors ⬩ fatum

Entry preview:

birth, origin, beginning, parentage, family, lineage; nativitas, origo, stirps, genus Bearnes þurh gebyrde through the birth of a child, Exon. 9 a; Th. 5, 28; Cri. 76. Þurh bearnes gebyrd through child-birth, 8 b; Th. 3, 18; Cri. 38. On dæg gebyrde die