Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

sand

(n.)
Grammar
sand, es; m. [? or should the passages that follow be put under sand; f.? cf. the later application of witness to a person]

A messenger, envoy

Entry preview:

A messenger, envoy Ðá wæs Lýfing ƀ mid ðám kincge . . . Ðá com Xp̃es cyrc̃ sand tó ðám ƀ and hé forð (fór ?) ðá tó ðám kincge bishop Lyfing was then with the king. . . Then came a messenger (or message? ) from Christchurch to the bishop, and he (the

Linked entries: sand sond

bæc

(n.)
Entry preview:

In wynnabæce; of wynnabæce . . . in foxbæce; of foxbæce, 386, 9, 16. Ymbe heáfca bæce; of þan bæce, 121, 16. In earna bæce; andlang bæces . . . æft on earna bæce, v. 121, 4, 11. In beka brycge; of becha brycge (cf. 386, 15 above), iii. 382, 11.

-en

(v.; adj.; suffix)
Grammar
-en, is a termination of adjectives, — hence from fyr fire is fýren fiery, stǽn a stone; stǽnen stony: -en is also the termination of pp. in strong verbs; arisen risen, from arísan to rise; dolfen digged, from delfan to dig; when known, from witan

to know

Entry preview:

to know

exorcista

(n.)
Grammar
exorcista, an; m. A caster out of spirits, L. Ælf. P. 34; Th. ii. 378, 6. v. hád II, hálsigend.

This might be a link to, a part of or a variant of another entry.

sol-mónaþ

(n.)
Grammar
sol-mónaþ, On the gloss panibus sol see Corp. Gl. H. p. xxxix, where panibus is taken to be a corruption of phoebus.

This might be a link to, a part of or a variant of another entry.

ag-lǽca

(n.)
Grammar
ag-lǽca, -lǽcea, -léca, an; m. [ah-lǽca, æg-, æc-; ag-lác, -lǽc misery; a the m. of personal noun]

A miserable being ⬩ wretch ⬩ miscreant ⬩ monster ⬩ fierce combatant ⬩ miser ⬩ perditus ⬩ monstrum ⬩ bellator immanis

Entry preview:

A miserable being, wretch, miscreant, monster, fierce combatant; miser, perditus, monstrum, bellator immanis Ne ðæt se aglǽca yldan þohte nor did the wretch [Grendel] mean to delay that, Beo. Th. 1482; B. 739. Earme aglǽcan miserable wretches, Exon.

Linked entries: æc-lǽca æg-lǽca æg-léca ag-lǽcea ah-lǽca -lǽca

Decem-ber

(n.)
Grammar
Decem-ber, gen. -bris; m. [dĕcem ten: Sansk. vāra: Pers. bār time, space: the tenth month of the Romans, beginning with March, and as we begin with January, it is our twelfth month]

The month of December ⬩ Dĕcember, bris

Entry preview:

The month of December; Dĕcember, bris, m Mónaþ Decembris, ǽrra iúla [geóla] the month of December, the former yule, Menol. Fox 437; Men. 220; January being after yule or Christmas is called Se æftera geóla; the after yule, Cott.

wang

(n.)
Grammar
wang, es; m. . I. the word, which is almost confined to poetry, may be rendered by words denoting the surface of the ground taken in their most general sense,
Entry preview:

Gangan ofer foldan wang, Menol. Fox 225; Men. 114. III. fig. of any surface Ic ( a cup for cupping) eom stíð and steáp wong, staþol wæs in þá wyrta wlitetorhtra, Exon. Th. 484, 4; Rä. 70, 2

Linked entries: ge-wenge wencge wenge

be-witan

(v.)
Grammar
be-witan, ic. he -wát, ðú -wást, pl. -witon; p. -wiste, pl. -wiston; pp. -witen; v. trans. [be near, witan to know, see, take care of]

To overlook, watch over, superintend, preside, govern, administer ⬩ præesse, administrare

Entry preview:

To overlook, watch over, superintend, preside, govern, administer; præesse, administrare Ðe ealle his þing bewiste qui præerat omnibus quæ habebat, Gen. 24, 2. Ne miht ðú leng tún-scíre bewitan jam non poteris villicare, Lk. Bos. 16, 2: Ex. 3, 7: 5,

Linked entry: be-wiste

BURH

(n.)
Grammar
BURH, burg; gen. burge; dat. byrig, byrg; acc. burh, burg; pl. nom. acc. burga; gen. burga; dat. burgum; f. [beorh, beorg = burh, burg the impert. of beorgan to defend] .
Entry preview:

Burge weall the wall of a city; murus, Ps. Th. 17, 28. Ðæt hie geseón mihten ðære wlitegan byrig weallas that they might see the walls of the beautiful city, Judth. 11; Thw. 23, 24; Jud. 137: Ps. Th. 44, 13: 47, 11.

Linked entries: burg burga burhg burug buruh byrig burcg

deáh

Grammar
deáh, is of use, is good or virtuous, avails, Herb. 2, 22; Lchdm. i. 86, 18. Bt. 27, 2; Fox 98, 15: Exon. 80 b; Th. 303, 5; Fä. 48: Beo. Th. 1151; B. 573; pres.
Entry preview:

of dugan

Linked entry: dég

nealles

(adv.)
Grammar
nealles, nalles, nallæs, nallas, nales, nalæs, nalas; adv.

Not ⬩ not at all

Entry preview:

Oft, nalæs seldan, Ps. Th. 74. 4

Linked entry: nalas

Engla feld

(n.)
Grammar
Engla feld, gen. feldes; dat. felda, felde; m. [Hovd. Englefeld: Brom. Englefelde: Matt. West. Anglefeld: Angles' field, the field of the English]

ENGLEFIELD or INGLEFIELD, near Reading, Berkshire ⬩ lŏci nōmen in agro Berkeriensi

Entry preview:

ENGLEFIELD or INGLEFIELD, near Reading, Berkshire; lŏci nōmen in agro Berkeriensi Hér cwom se here to Reádingum on West-Seaxe, and ðæs ymb iii niht ridon ii eorlas up: ðá gemétte hie Æðelwulf aldorman on Engla felda, and him ðǽr wið gefeaht, and sige

scilcen

(n.)
Grammar
scilcen, [The word has not necessarily a bad meaning. With the passage given compare the description of the same incident in Gr. D.
Entry preview:

Hé sænde .vii. nacode mǽdenu (puellas), 119, 11] :-- Scylcen, fǽmne, meówle iuuencula, i. uirguncula, An. Ox. 2112. [Þer com o schelchene gon þat wes myd Kayphas (uenit una ex ancillis summi sacerdotis, Mk. 14, 66), Misc. 45, 279.]

ge-munan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-munan, ic, he -man, -mon, pl. -munon; also ic -mune, he -monþ, pl. -munaþ; p. -munde; pp. -munen [a verb whose present tense is the past tense of a lost strong verb, cf. Lat. memini]

To remember, bear in mind, consider ⬩ recordari, memorari, meminisse, meditari

Entry preview:

Gemunon we úre dæghwamlícan synna let us be mindful of our daily sins, Blickl. Homl. 25, 14: Cd. 217; Th. 277, 11; Sat. 202. Gif hí ða geearnunga ealle gemundon if they had remembered all the benefits, Byrht. Th. 137, 35.

Linked entries: ge-mýste ge-mon ge-monan ge-mynan

fór-maneg

(adj.)
Grammar
fór-maneg, -moni; adj.

Very many ⬩ permultus

Entry preview:

Very many; permultus Heora fórmanega oft féngon to ánwealde very many of them often undertook the government, Jud. Thw. 161, 26

Linked entry: fór-moni

wiþ-sacan

(v.)
Grammar
wiþ-sacan, p. -sóc, pl. -sócon; pp. -sacen

To deny ⬩ refuse ⬩ reject ⬩ to say no ⬩ to refuse permission ⬩ refuse ⬩ reject ⬩ decline ⬩ to deny ⬩ reject ⬩ refuse assent ⬩ to renounce ⬩ reject ⬩ give up ⬩ refuse ⬩ withhold ⬩ not to give ⬩ to declare hostility

Entry preview:

Skt. i. 23, 110. of self-renunciation Gyf hwá wylle fyligean mé, wiðsace (abneget) hyne sylfne, Mt.

næss

(n.)
Grammar
næss, ness, es; m.

a ness ⬩ land running out into water ⬩ headland ⬩ promontory

Entry preview:

[The word ness found in English local names is mostly of Scandinavian origin, Icel. nes ; but, in a charter of 778, Cod. Dip.

Linked entries: næsse ness

þorp

(n.)
Grammar
þorp, þrop, es; m. Perhaps the idea at first connected with the words is that of an assemblage, cf. the use in Icelandic: Maðr heitir einnhverr ... þorp ef þrír ero, Skáldskaparmál; þyrpast to crowd, throng: þyrping
Entry preview:

a crowd: later the word may have been used of the assemblage of workers on an estate, and also of the estate on which they worked; all three ideas seem to be implied in one or other of the following glosses Tuun, þrop, ðrop conpetum, Txts. 53, 557: Wrt

Linked entry: þrop

winter

(n.)
Grammar
winter, es; m. (in pl. a neuter form wintru occurs, as well as masculine wintras, winter: the dat. sing. wintra is a trace of earlier u-stem declension).

a season of the year ⬩ winter ⬩ wintry weather ⬩ cold ⬩ a year

Entry preview:

a season of the year, winter Feówer tída syndon getealde on ánum geáre, ðæt synd uer, aestas, autumnus, hiems... Hiems is winter, Lchdm. iii. 250, 12.

Linked entries: ǽ-wintre-cyning -wintre

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