Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

byrst

(n.)
Grammar
byrst, es; n.

A bristle ⬩ seta

Entry preview:

Hyre twigu beóþ swylce swínene [MS. swinen] byrst its twigs are like swine bristles, Herb. 52, 2; Lchdm. i. 156, 3

Linked entries: bryst berst bristl

hirde-leás

(adj.)
Grammar
hirde-leás, adj.

Without a shepherd

Entry preview:

Without a shepherd Ne beóþ hí hyrdeleáse ðonne hí ðé habbaþ having thee they will not be without a shepherd, Homl. Th. i. 383, 23. Scép heordeleáse oves non habentes pastorem, Mt. Kmbl. Rush 9, 36

abbad

(n.)
Grammar
abbad, abbod, abbud, abbot, es; m: abboda, an; m.

an abbot ⬩ abbās

Entry preview:

P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 35. bishops were sometimes subject to an abbot, as they were to the abbots of Iona Nú, sceal beón ǽfre on Ií abbod, and ná biscop; and ðan sculon beón underþeódde ealle Scotta biscopas, forðan ðe Columba [MS.

elcor

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Hí ne magon elcor beón búton mínre gemynde geendebyrded non sine magna cura ordinata, 3, 15. Hú mæg ꝥ beón ylcor (elles, v. l.) ongyten búton . . . quid sentiri aliud potest, nisi . . . Gr.

winter

(n.)
Grammar
winter, es; m. (in pl. a neuter form wintru occurs, as well as masculine wintras, winter: the dat. sing. wintra is a trace of earlier u-stem declension).

a season of the year ⬩ winter ⬩ wintry weather ⬩ cold ⬩ a year

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Twelf wintra tíd, Beo. Th. 296; B. 147. Ðæt swá fyrn gewearð wintra gangum, Elen. Kmbl. 1262; El. 633. Wintra gerímes þreó and þrítig geára, Cd. Th. 296, 15; Sat. 502: Chr. 1065; Erl. 196, 26. Ic eom gomel wintrum, Ps. Th. 70, 16. Wintrum fród, Beo.

HREÓH

(adj.)
Grammar
HREÓH, adj.

ROUGH ⬩ fierce ⬩ savage ⬩ rough ⬩ stormy ⬩ tempestuous ⬩ disturbed

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Ðá wæs beorges weard on hreóum mode then became the hill-ward of fierce mood, Beo. Th. 5156; B. 2581. On ðære hreón sǽ turbato mari, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 2. On hreón móde troubled, Beo. Th. 2619; B. 1307.

leódan

(v.)
Grammar
leódan, p. leád; pl. ludon

To spring ⬩ grow

Entry preview:

To spring, grow Swá Libanes beorh lídeþ and gróweþ sicut cedrus Libani multiplicabitur, Ps. Th. 91, 11. Of ðam twige ludon réðe wæstme from that branch sprang dire fruits, Cd. 47; Th. 60, 29; Gen. 989

Linked entry: lídeþ

neádlunga

(adv.)
Grammar
neádlunga, adv.

Forcibly ⬩ against one's will

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Forcibly, against one's will Manega gewilniaþ óðres mannes wólíce and hí beóþ benǽmede neádlunga hyra ágenes many covet another man's goods, and they shall be forcibly deprived of their own, Basil admn. 9; Norm. 52, 20

Linked entry: nídlinga

racu

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
racu, e; f.
Entry preview:

, cloud, storm Ic wille ǽhta and ágend eall ácwellan ða beútan beóþ earce bordum ðonne sweart racu ( the black clouds that overspread the sky at the Deluge ) stígan onginneþ, Cd. Th. 81, 34; Gen. 1355

be-windan

(v.)
Grammar
be-windan, bi-windan; p. -wand, -wond, pl. -wundon; pp. -wunden; v. a.

To wind or bind around or about, entwine, wrap, enwrap, encircle, surround, wind, turn ⬩ amplecti, involvere, cingere, circumdare, volvere

Entry preview:

Wæs feorh æðelinges flǽsce bewunden the prince's soul was wrapped in flesh, Beo. Th. 4840; B. 2424.

GEONG

(adj.)
Grammar
GEONG, giong, geng, ging, giung, iung, gung; def. se geonga, seó, ðæt geonge; comp. geongra, gingra, gyngra; superl. gingest, gingst; adj.

YOUNG, youthful, new, recent, fresh ⬩ jŭvĕnis, adolescens, nŏvellus, rĕcens ⬩ young

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Geongum and ealdum to young and old, Beo. Th. 144; B. 72. He héht hine geonge twegen men mid síþian he bade two young men accompany him, Cd. 138; Th. 173, 27; Gen. 2867: Beo. Th. 4040; B. 2018.

lagu

(n.)
Grammar
lagu, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

Th. i. 440, 23. what is considered right and proper Þæt wé beón wære ꝥ wé náhwár ne gán of lage, Angl. viii. 308, 18. a rule of action or procedure Hé lǽrde þæt manna gehwilc óðrum beóde þæt, þæt hé wille þæt man him beóde.

wiþ

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
wiþ, prep. (adv. conj. ).

towards ⬩ to ⬩ in the direction of ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite to ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ by ⬩ near ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ unto ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ on ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite ⬩ against ⬩ in the way of ⬩ with. ⬩ with ⬩ part with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ in return for ⬩ as payment for ⬩ for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ for ⬩ in exchange for ⬩ for ⬩ for ⬩ in reward of ⬩ in return for ⬩ in answer to ⬩ for ⬩ as compensation for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ in return for ⬩ on condition of ⬩ against ⬩ against ⬩ as a set-off ⬩ by the side of ⬩ compared with ⬩ in contrast with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to. ⬩ with ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ in opposition to. ⬩ with ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ by, ⬩ at ⬩ by ⬩ against ⬩ at ⬩ unto ⬩ with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to weigh one thing with or against another ⬩ in comparison with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with a person ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ with ⬩ in respect to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ to. ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ against ⬩ by ⬩ through, ⬩ to rest on the arm ⬩ till. ⬩ till ⬩ to ⬩ until

Entry preview:

Uton beón rihtwíse on úrum móde wiþ óþre men, Blickl. Homl. 95, 28. Beó wið Geátas glæd, Beo. Th. 2350; B. 1173. Grammar wiþ, marking protection, defence, salvation, against, from, for. Similar entries v.

cíþ-fæst

(adj.)
Grammar
cíþ-fæst, adj.

Rooted, growing ⬩ radicatus, crescens

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Rooted, growing; radicatus, crescens Se man ðe plantaþ treówa oððe wyrta he hí wæteraþ óþ-ðæt hí beóþ cíþfæste the man who plants trees or herbs waters them until they are rooted, Homl. Th. i. 304, 26

hwílwend-líce

(adv.)
Grammar
hwílwend-líce, adv.

Temporarily

Entry preview:

Temporarily, for a time only Beóþ blówende and welige hwílwendlíce ðæt gé écelíce wædlion be flourishing and wealthy for time that ye may be beggars for eternity, Homl. Th. i. 64, 15: 162, 15: ii. 384, 26

weorold-gítsung

(n.)
Grammar
weorold-gítsung, e ; f.
Entry preview:

Greed for this world's goods, covetousness Ne mæg fira nán wísdóm timbran, ðǽr ðǽr woruldgítsung (cf. gítsung, Bt. 12; Fox 36, 12) beorg oferbrǽdeþ. Met. 7, 12. Hí cumaþ of woruldgítsunga. Bt. 7, 1 ; Fox 16, 15

on-scuniend

(n.)
Grammar
on-scuniend, -scunigend (?), es; m.

One who detests or shuns

Entry preview:

One who detests or shuns Nán ( no friend of the dead man ) hine tó ðæs swíðe ne lufaþ, ðæt hé sóna syððan ne sý onscungend, seoððan se líchoma and se gást gedǽlde beóþ, Blickl. Homl. 111, 29

Linked entry: -scuniend

byrigen

(n.)
Grammar
byrigen, byrigenn, e; f.

tumulus ⬩ A burying-place, a sepulchre, tomb, burying ⬩ sepulcrum, monumentum, tumba, sepultura

Entry preview:

[ Similar entries beorg tumulus] A burying-place, a sepulchre, tomb, burying; sepulcrum, monumentum, tumba, sepultura, Bd. 4, 19; S. 588, 37: 3, 8; S. 532, 15, 17: 3, 11; S. 535, 32: 1, 33; S. 499, 7

ge-cígan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hé sceolde beón Nazarénisc gecíged, Hml. Th. i. 88, 26. Bið geceid sunu Godes, Lk. L. 1, 35. Gecéd, Lk. p. 5, l. Wé beóð Godes hús gecígede, Hml. Th. ii. 582, 15. Gecégede, Bl.

ge-mǽne

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-mǽne, adj.

Common, general, mutual, in common ⬩ communis ⬩ communis, generalis, solitus ⬩ communis

Entry preview:

Unc sceal worn fela máðma gemǽnra to us two shall be a great many common treasures, Beo. Th. 3572; B. 1784. Ðá wæs synn and sacu Sweóna and Geáta, wróht gemǽne then was sin and strife of Swedes and Goths, mutual dissension, Beo. Th. 4938; B. 2473.

Linked entry: mǽne