Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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feran

(v.)
Grammar
feran, to ferenne; part. ferende; p. ferde, pl. ferdon; pp. fered [fer a journey]

To go ⬩ make a journey ⬩ set out ⬩ travel ⬩ march ⬩ sail ⬩ īre ⬩ ĭter făcĕre ⬩ proficisci ⬩ transīre ⬩ migrāre ⬩ nāvĭgāre

Entry preview:

Hilde of deáþe ferde to lífe Hilda de morte transīvit ad vītam, Bd. 4, 23; S. 595, 32. He ferde ofer sǽ he went over the sea, Boutr. Scrd. 17, 7: 19, 2: Chr. 1140; Erl. 265, 39. God ferde forþ ăbiit Dŏmĭnus, Gen. 18, 33.

Linked entry: fyran

EÁ

(n.)
Grammar
EÁ, often indeclinable in the sing, but eás is sometimes found in gen; and é, ǽ, eǽin dat; pl. nom. acc. eá, eán; gen. eá; dat. eáum, eám, eán; f; ǽ

indecl. f. Running water, a stream, river, water ⬩ flŭvius, flūmen, torrens, aqua

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Running water, a stream, river, water ; flŭvius, flūmen, torrens, aqua Eá of dúne water from the hill, Menol. Fox 520; Gn. C. 30. Seó feorþe eá ys geháten Eufrates flŭvius quartus est Euphrātes, Gen. 2, 14: Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 34, 46.

Linked entries: ǽ é eǽ

tídlíce

(adv.)
Grammar
tídlíce, adv.
Entry preview:

</b> seasonably, in a manner appropriate to a season :-- Seó dún wæs tídlíce gréne the hill, as was natural to the season (the date was June 22), was green; mons opportune laetus, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 21. in time, in good time, betimes, early, soon

Linked entry: tímlíce

wyrt-wala

(n.)
Grammar
wyrt-wala, an; m.: -walu, e; f.
Entry preview:

Kmbl. 889; Sal. 444. the foot of a hill, lower side of a wood, field, etc. v. wyrt-truma, Swá ðe wyrtwala scádet tó turlan homme (cf. first passage under wyrttruma, ), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 267, 33. Forð andlang wyrtwale on ða róde, 356, 4.

twelf-hynde

(adj.)
Grammar
twelf-hynde, adj. As applied to a person, of the rank for which the wergild was twelve hundred shillings; applied to the wergild, that must be paid for a person of such rank. As will be seen from the passages given below, the twelfhynde man was a þegn, and his importance, as marked by the wergild and otherwise, was six times that of the
Entry preview:

ceorl Ǽnig mǽgð, xii-hynde oþþe twyhynde, L. Ath. v. 8, 2; Th. i. 236, 10. Be xii-hyndum men. Gif hé sié twelfhynde, L. Alf. pol. 31; Th. i. 80, 14. Gif hió sié cirlisc mid .lx. sciłł. gebéte . . . Gif hió sié xii-hyndu .cxx. sciłł. gebéte, 18; Th. i

Linked entry: six-hynde

sǽt

(n.)
Grammar
sǽt, To judge by the former of the two passages given here the word in the latter of them should mean a place of concealment for the hunter where he lies in wait for the game which is driven towards him. Such driving of game is described by the hunter in Ælfric&#39;s Colloquy, Th. An. 21, 13-22, 18.
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Sǽte haldan would mean to keep the game from avoiding the ambush into which it was being driven. Cf. ge-sǽte

FEALO

(adj.)
Grammar
FEALO, fealu, feale; def. se fealwa; adj.

FALLOW, pale yellow or red coloured as withered grass or leaves, dusky, bay? ⬩ flāvus, gilvus, fuscus

Entry preview:

Se beorg tohlád and in forlét fealewe wǽgas the hill opened and let in the dusky waves, Andr. Kmbl. 3177; An. 1591. Meahte ǽghwylc wegan fealwe linde each could bear the yellow shields, Cd. 94; Th. 123, 14; Gen. 2044.

Linked entries: dun-falu falewe feale fealewe fealu

for-niman

(v.)
Grammar
for-niman, -nyman; p. -nam, -nom, pl. -námon, -nómon; pp. -numen; v. trans.

To take away ⬩ deform ⬩ plunder ⬩ destroy ⬩ ransack ⬩ waste ⬩ consume ⬩ devour ⬩ rapĕre ⬩ perdĕre ⬩ extermĭnāre ⬩ vastāre ⬩ consūmĕre ⬩ devŏrāre

Entry preview:

Eów in beorge bǽl fornimeþ fire shall consume you upon the hill, Elen. Kmbl. 1153; El. 578. Se ðe fornimþ þearfan on dýgelnysse qui devŏrat paupĕrem in abscondĭto, Cant. Abac. Lamb. fol. 190 b, 14.

Linked entry: for-nyman

ǽht

Grammar
ǽht, In Ll. Th. i. 6, 3 the weak form, ealle ða ǽhtan, occurs, and a form not feminine, mínes ágenes ǽhtes,
  • 194, 16
    • .

what is owned, a possession ⬩ possession

Entry preview:

Th. ii. 182, 29: 268, 9. possession Hilde gebohte týn hída landes hire on ǽhte, Bd. 3, 24; S. 557, 2. Gif ðú wéne ðæt hit ðín bócland sý, ðæt ðú on eardast, and on ágene ǽht geseald, Wlfst. 260, 3

ge-sleán

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sleán, p. -slóg, -slóh, pl. -slógon; pp. -slagen, -slægen, -slegen

To strike ⬩ pitch [a tent] ⬩ smite ⬩ slay ⬩ quell ⬩ forge ⬩ fight ⬩ obtain by fighting

Entry preview:

Húþe ðe ic æt hilde geslóh spoil that I gained in war, Cd. 98; Th. 129, 25; Gen. 2149: Chr. 937; Erl. 112, 4; Æthelst. 4: Beo. Th. 5985; B. 2994.

Linked entry: ge-slóh

wirsa

(adj.)
Grammar
wirsa, (wirra occurs once in the Chronicle); cpve.; wirrest, wirst; spve. adj.

Worse ⬩ worst

Entry preview:

Worse, worst, in a moral sense For hwam lifaþ se wyrsa leng? Salm. Kmbl. 716; Sal. 357. Ne wearð nán wærsa dǽd gedón ðonne ðeós wæs, Chr. 979; Erl. 129, 4. Gif wé ðæt ne dóþ, ðonne wyrce wé ús myccle synne; and ús is get wyrse ðæt wé úrne ceáp teóþian

Linked entries: wyrrest yfel weorr wersa wurst

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

Entry preview:

to reprove, rebuke, reproach Ic hine þreáge (ðreá, Lind.: ðriá, Rush.) and forlǽte corripiam illum et dimittam, Lk. Skt. 23, 22. Ne þreáge (drégu, Surt.: þreá, Spl. C.: þrǽwie, Spl. T.) ic eów non arguam te, Ps. Th. 49, 9. Þreáge (ðréu, Surt.: ðreáge

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

hleóþor

(adj.)

a sound ⬩ noise ⬩ voice

Entry preview:

Hié tóhlódon hleóðrum gedǽlde . . . siððan metod tóbrǽd monna sprǽce, Gen. 1693. where a thing is personified: Ic (a horn) wæs wǽpenwiga . . . hwílum ic tó hilde hleóðre bonne wilgehléðan, Rä. 15, 4. in song Þæs sealmsanges hleóðor and dreám psalmodiae

brǽdan

(v.)
Grammar
brǽdan, brédan; to brǽdanne, brédanne; part. brǽdende; he brǽdeþ, brǽd; p. brǽdde, pl. brǽddon; pp. brǽded, brǽdd, brǽd [brád
broad; latus
].

broad ⬩ latus ⬩ To make broad, BROADEN, extend, spread, stretch out ⬩ dilatare, propalare, expandere ⬩ To be extended or developed, grow or rise up; ⬩ dilatari, adolescere

Entry preview:

Brǽddon æfter beorgum flotan feldhúsum the sailors spread [themselves] amongst the hills with their tents, Cd. 148; Th. 186, 1; Exod. 132. Ðæt hí his naman brǽden [MS. brǽdan] that they spread his name, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 11.

Linked entries: brádiende brédan brédan

ge-stígan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-stígan, p. -stág, -stáh, pl. -stigon; pp. -stigen

To mount ⬩ ascend ⬩ descend

Entry preview:

Siððan ðú gestígest steápe dúne after thou dost mount the lofty hills, Cd. 137; Th. 172, 32; Gen. 2853: 227; Th. 303, 14; Sal. 612. Beddreste gestáh mounted the couch, 102; Th. 135, 25; Gen. 2248.

wulf

(n.)
Grammar
wulf, es; m.

a wolf ⬩ used in reference to outlaws

Entry preview:

Se mǽsta dǽl ðæs heriges læg, hilde gesǽged, wulfum tó willan, Judth. Thw. 25, 36; Jud. 296. ¶ an early admiration for the wolf seems shewn by the frequency of wulf in proper names; see e. g.

Linked entry: wulfheáfod-treów

HORD

(n.)
Grammar
HORD, es; n. m.

HOARD, treasure ⬩ n. thesaurus

Entry preview:

Ðæs ðe heáh hlioþe horde onféngon after the lofty hills had received the treasure [the ark ], Cd. 71; Th. 86, 32; Gen. 1439. Hǽðnum horde, Beo. Th. 4438; B. 2216. Hord eald enta geweorc, 5540; B. 2773. Ðæt hord, 6244; B. 3126.

Linked entries: hord-cófa hord-loca

DEÓP

(adj.)
Grammar
DEÓP, dióp; adj.

DEEP, profound, stern, awful, solemn ⬩ prŏfundus, grăvis, sōlemnis

Entry preview:

Fíftena stód deóp ofer dúnum flód elna the flood stood fifteen ells deep over the hills, Cd. 69; Th. 84, 15; Gen. 1398. Noe oferláþ ðone deópestan drencflóda Noah sailed over the deepest of drowning floods, 161; Th. 200, 29; Exod. 364.

Linked entries: dýp dype dióp

gnornan

(v.)
Grammar
gnornan, gnornian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od

To grieve ⬩ mourn ⬩ be sad ⬩ bewail ⬩ lament ⬩ mœrere

Entry preview:

Sceoldon wræcmæcgas ofgiefan gnornende gréne beorgas the exiles, sorrowing, must give up the green hills, Exon. 35 b; Th. 116, 6; Gú. 203: 42 b; Th. 142, 29; Gú. 651. He férde gnornigende abiit mærens, Mk. Skt. 10, 22.

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