Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

L

Entry preview:

Thus in the translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care and in the Parker MS. of the Chronicle alle, onwald are found as well as ealle, onweald, while in Ælfric's Homilies they are regularly written in the latter form.

hold

(adj.)
Grammar
hold, adj.
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S. 31, 1382. in a general sense, friendly, well-disposed Boetius. . . wæs on Greácas hold was friendly towards the Greeks Met. l, 56. Micel heáp holdra freónda úre andbidað þǽr ( in heaven ), Hml. Th. ii. 526, 31.

fyrmest

(adv.)
Grammar
fyrmest, adv.
Entry preview:

Ꝥ his grið stande swá forð swá hit fyrmest stód on his yldrena dagum (as well as ever it stood in his ancestor's days), Ll. Th. i. 292, 3.

smiþ

(n.)
Grammar
smiþ, es; m.

A smith, a worker in metals or in wood ⬩ faber ⬩ faber, cudo

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Wæs sum bróðor syndrilíce on smiþcræfte well gelǽred; þeówode hé swýðe druncennesse and monigum óðrum unálýfednessum ðæs sleacran lífes, and hé má gewunode on his smiþþan dæges and nihtes sittan and licgean, ðonne hé wolde on cyricean singan and gebiddan

Linked entry: helle-smiþ

ge-sceppan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sceppan, -scippan, -scyppan; p. -sceóp, -scóp, pl. -sceópon, -scópon ; pp. -scæpen, -sceapen , -sceopen, -sceapen

To form, create ⬩ formare, disponere, creare

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thou hast made all creatures wonderfully well, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 10; Met. 20, 5: Exon. 117 b; Th. 452, 14; Hy. 4, 1. Ǽr ðæt ðec ic gesceópe prius quam to formarem, Rtl. 55. 4.

Linked entries: ge-scippan ge-scyppan

un-friþ

(n.)
Grammar
un-friþ, es; n.

absence of peace ⬩ hostilities ⬩ the state of being out of the king's peace

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absence of peace, hostilities Hér wæs micel unfrið on Angelcynnes londe þurh sciphere, and wel gehwǽr hergedon and bærndon in this year there were constant hostilities in England through the Danes, and they harried and burned pretty well everywhere,

gódian

(v.)
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óðre menn gódigað (gódiað, v. l.) quantae infelicitatis sint, qui melioratione proximi deteriores fiunt, Past. 231, 19. with hit as subject Wolde man geswícan þára mándǽda, þonne gódade hit sóna if people would cease to do evil, then would it soon be well

E

Grammar
E, Anglo-Saxon words, containing the short or unaccented vowel e, are often represented by modern English words of the same meaning, having the sound of e in
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net, met, ; as, Nett, bedd, weddian, hell, well, denn, fenn, webb, ende. the short e in Anglo-Saxon generally comes before a double consonant; as, Nebb, weccan, tellan, weddian: before any two consonants; as, Twentig, sendan, bernan: before one or two

á-rǽran

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Gif se hláford him wile ꝥ land árǽran tó weorce and tó gafole if the lord want to raise the rent of the land for him by exacting work as well as payment, 146, 4. to extol Up áhefde, árǽrde extollit, An. Ox. 2425.

Linked entry: rǽran

full-gán

to follow a profession ⬩ carry on an office ⬩ apply oneself to ⬩ practise a habit ⬩ to give effect to ⬩ carry out ⬩ to execute a command, task ⬩ do a person's will

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Hí ðínum willan woldon fulgán, Bt. 3, 4; F. 6, 24. with the idea of help, service Sceaft nytte heóld, feðergearwum fús fláne fulleóde the shaft did its office well, swift-winged helped on the arrow-head, B. 3119.

ge-býrian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-býrian, -býrigan, -bírian; 3rd sing. eþ; p. ede; pp. ed; 3rd sing. aþ; p. ode; pp. od. [The cognate words point to a short vowel.]

To happen ⬩ to fall out ⬩ to pertain to ⬩ belong to ⬩ evenire ⬩ accidere ⬩ contingere ⬩ pertinere ad ⬩ It pertains to ⬩ it is fitting or suitable ⬩ it becomes ⬩ it behoves ⬩ pertinet ad ⬩ convenit ⬩ oportet ⬩ decet

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Hine man byrigde swá him wel gebýrede they buried him as well became him, Chr. 1036; Th. 294, 22, On ealle þeóda gebýraþ beón ðæt gódspel gebodod in omnes gentes oportet prædicari evangelium, Mk. Bos. 13, 10

sacan

(v.)
Grammar
sacan, p. sóc , sócon; sacen.

to fight, strive, contend ⬩ to disagree, ⬩ to wrangle ⬩ to bring a suit ⬩ to accuse, blame ⬩ to refuse, deny.

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Ne ða óðre ongeán ðæt ne sacan (wiðcweðon, Wells Frag.) the others shall offer no opposition to the decision, 119,2. Dóm stande ðár þegenas sammǽle beón; gif hig sacan ( disagree ), stande ðæt hig .viii. secgaþ, L. Eth. iii. 13; Th. i. 289, 3.

leán

(n.)
Grammar
leán, es; n.

Reward ⬩ recompense ⬩ remuneration ⬩ requital ⬩ retribution

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Gif hé eal wel gefriðaþ [ðe] hé wealdan sceal ðonne biþ hé gódes leánes ful wel weorðe if he protects well all that he has to keep, then is he quite entitled to good pay, L. R. S. 20; Th. i. 440, 18.

Linked entries: leahan be-leán

forþ

(adv.)
Grammar
forþ, adv. [faran to go]

FORTH ⬩ thence ⬩ hence ⬩ forwards ⬩ onwards ⬩ henceforth ⬩ further ⬩ still ⬩ inde ⬩ hinc ⬩ prorsum ⬩ porro ⬩ dehinc ⬩ deinceps ⬩ tămen

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Heald forþ tela niwe sibbe hold well henceforth our new kinship, Beo. Th. 1901; B. 948: Cd. 22; Th. 28, 17; Gen. 437. Gif ðú forþ his willan gehýrsum beón wylt si deinceps voluntāti ejus obsecundāre vŏlŭeris, Bd. 2, 12; S. 515, 27.

lácnian

(v.)
Grammar
lácnian, p. ode

To heal ⬩ cure ⬩ tend ⬩ take care of ⬩ treat ⬩ dress(a wound)

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Ðonne ðæt dolh open sý genial ða ylcan wyrte unsodene ... lácna ða wunde ðǽrmid ðonne byþ heó sóna hál when the incision (made by a snake) is open, take the same plant unsodden ... dress the wounds therewith; it will soon be well, Herb. 90, 16; Lchdm.

Linked entry: lǽcnan

tæfl

(n.)
Grammar
tæfl, e; f.: es ; n.(?): tæfle, an(?); f.

Properly a board for the playing of a game. But the word seems also used of a game played on such a board: cf. the use of the word tables at a later time ⬩ The word seems to denote also a die used in playing a game. What was the precise nature of the games, to which this word and related forms are applied, does not appear; some of the references below would imply that games of chance are meant, and this would be in keeping with the love of gaming which Tacitus, Germ. c. 24, noticed among the Germans. But games of skill like chess may sometimes be meant. In Icelandic tafl is used of chess or draughts, as well as of dicing, and the Danes in England seem to have played chess ⬩ Among the Welsh, too, was a game something like draughts, called tawlbwrdd

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In Icelandic tafl is used of chess or draughts, as well as of dicing, and the Danes in England seem to have played chess (see Thrupp's Anglo-Saxon Home, c. xvi, sec. 7); and in O. H. Ger. scah-zabel = scacarium.

Linked entry: tebl

ge-tenge

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Mec ( an oyster ) ýða wrugon eorðan getenge, 76, 2: 7, 3. where an object stands by another Þára óðrum ( one of the buckets of a draw-well ) wæs án getenge wále, Rä. 53, 5.

rihte

(adv.)
Grammar
rihte, adv.

right, due, directly, straight ⬩ directly, straightway ⬩ ⬩ rightly, well, in a manner suited to the circumstances of a case, fittingly, properly, duly ⬩ correctly, in the proper manner, exactly, accurately, truly

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Th. 97, 9 : 95, 13. rightly, well, in a manner suited to the circumstances of a case, fittingly, properly, duly Rihte ys hé genemned Jacob; nu hé beswác mé, Gen. 27, 36 : Exon. Th. 9, 7; Cri. 139.

ge-þeón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-þeón, ic -þeó, pl. -þeóþ; p. -þeáh, pl. -þugon; pp. þogen

To grow ⬩ grow up ⬩ increase ⬩ thrive ⬩ flourish ⬩ prosper ⬩ crescĕre ⬩ profĭcĕre ⬩ vĭgēre

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Geþeóh tela thrive well! Beo. Th. 2441; B. 1218: Exon. 122 a; Th. 469, 13; Hy. 11, 1. Ðæt ic ðé geþeó þinga gehwylce that I may thrive to thee in everything, 118 a; Th. 453, 9; Hy. 4, 12: L. Wg. 7, 10; Th. i. 188, 1, 8.

hlǽw

(n.)
Grammar
hlǽw, hláw, hláu, hléw, es; m.

a low ⬩ law ⬩ a rising ground, ⬩ an artificial as well as a natural mound, ⬩ a funeral mound; ⬩ tumulus ⬩ the interior of a mound, ⬩ a cave

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a low or law [occurring in names of places], a rising ground, an artificial as well as a natural mound, a funeral mound; tumulus Wæs ðǽr on ðam eálande sum hláw mycel ofer eorþan geworht, ðone ylcan men for feós wilnunga gedulfon and brǽcon there was

Linked entry: hláw