Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

FRUMA

(n.)
Grammar
FRUMA, an; m. [frum primitive, first] .

a beginningcommencementoriginprincĭpiuminĭtiumŏrīgoprīmordiumexordiuman originatorauthorfounderinventorauctorinventora chiefprincerulerkingprŏcerprincepsrex

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Fox 20, 549; Met. 20, 275: Andr. Recd. 1116; An. 556. On fruman wæs word in princĭpio ĕrat verbum, Jn. Bos. 1, 1: 6, 64: Mt. Bos. 19, 4: Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 5: 1, 27; S. 489, 13: 4, 17: S. 586, 12: Ps. Spl. C. 73, 2: 76, 11: 101, 26: Boutr.

wráþ

(adj.)
Grammar
wráþ, adj.

wrothangryincensed

Entry preview:

Bið úre Drihten ðám synfullum swíðe wráð æteowéd, and ðám sóðfæstum byð blíðe gesewen, Wulfst. 184, 2. Ðín yrre fram ús oncyrre, ðæt ðú ús ne weorðe wrád on móde, Ps. Th. 84, 4 : Cd. Th. 26, 12 ; Gen. 405 : 46, 17 ; Gen. 745.

þencan

(v.)
Grammar
þencan, p. þóhte (þohte?)
Entry preview:

Ealle ða geþóhtas ðe þóhtan omnes cogitationes eorum, 145, 3. <b>II a.</b> </b> to think, suppose, hold as an opinion or belief þenceþ ðæt his wíse wel hwam þince eal unforcúþ, Exon. Th. 315, 12; Mód. 30.

a-rétan

(v.)
Grammar
a-rétan, ic -réte, he -réteþ, -rét; p. -rétte; pp. -réted, -rét; v. trans. [a, rétan to comfort]

To exhilaratecomfortdelightrestorerefreshset rightexhilararelætificarereficere

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Ðú me hæfst arétne on ðam tweóne thou host set me right in the doubt, Bt. 41, 2; Fox 246, 12: 22, 1; Fox 76, 12, MS. Cot

be-drífan

(v.)
Grammar
be-drífan, p. -dráf, -drǽf, pl. -drifon; pp. -drifen ; v. a.

to drivethrust on or uponto compelconstrain or enforce one to do a thingto pursuefollowcogerecompellereagereadigereto drive or beat againstto surroundobruereobducerecircumflare

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to drive, thrust on or upon, to compel, constrain or enforce one to do a thing, to pursue, follow; cogere, compellere, agere, adigere Perðica hine bedráf into ánum fæstene Perdiccas drove him into a fastness, Ors. 3, 11; Bos. 72, 38.

Linked entries: be-drǽf be-dráf

cyre

(n.)
Grammar
cyre, es; m. [ceósan to choose] Choice, free choice, free will; electio, hærĕsis = αἵρεσις , optio, arbitrium
Entry preview:

Cyre [MS. kyre] hæresis, Ælfc. Gl. 3; Som. 55, 84; Wrt. Voc. 16, 55. Cyre optio, Glos. Prudent. Recd. 146, 52.

fóre-þonc

(n.)
Grammar
fóre-þonc, -þanc, es; m.

Fore-thoughtprovidenceprovĭdentia

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Exon. 55 b; Th. 197, 16; Az. 191: 118 a; Th. 454, 22; Hy. 4, 37. Se fóreþonc is sió godcunde gesceádwísnes, sió ðe eall fórewát providence is the divine intelligence, which foreknows all, Bt. 39, 5; Fox 218, 26.

Linked entry: fóre-þanc

for-licgan

(v.)
Grammar
for-licgan, -licggan, -ligan; p. -læg, pl. -lǽgon; pp. -legen [licgan to lie]

To lie in a forbidden mannerfornicatecommit fornicationfornĭcāriadultĕrāre

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C. S. 54; Th. i. 406, 4, 7: 51; Th. i. 404, 22: L. E. G. 3; Th. i. 168, 5: 4; Th. i. 168, 19: L. N. P. L. 63; Th. ii. 300, 20. Gif beweddodu fǽmne hie forlicgge if a betrothed woman commit fornication, L. Alf. pol. 18; Th. i. 73, 11.

ge-trýwe

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-trýwe, def. se -trýwa; adj.

TRUEfaithfulfīdusfĭdēlis

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Bos. 25, 21, 23: 24, 45: L. C. S. 23; Th. i. 388, 9. He wearþ Criste getrýwe he became faithful unto Christ, Elen. Kmbl. 2068; El. 1035: Beo. Th. 2461; B. 1228.

ge-beódan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-beódan, p. -beád, pl. -budon; pp. -boden [ge-, beódan to command] .

to commandordersummonjŭbēremandāreto announceproclaimannuntiāreto offerproposegivegrantofferrepræbēre

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Ath. i. 20; Th. i. 208, 27 : Cd. 183; Th. 229, 27; Dan. 223. to offer, propose, give, grant; offerre, præbēre Hiera se æðeling gehwelcum feoh and feorh gebeád to each of them the noble offered money and life, Chr. 755; Erl. 50, 5, 15.

ge-fremman

(v.)
Grammar
ge-fremman, p. -fremede; pp. -fremed

To promoteperfectperformcommit

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To promote, perfect, perform, commit Hie mihtan ǽghwæt gefremman they could accomplish anything, Blickl. Homl. 137, 1. Ðæt weorc to gefremmenne to perform that work, Homl. Th. ii. 122, 10. Ic hǽla gefremme sanitates perficio, Lk. Bos. 13, 32.

ge-mæcca

(n.)
Grammar
ge-mæcca, -mæccea, an; m. and f.

A companion, mate, consort, husband or wifeconjux

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Boga sceal strǽle sceal mon to gemæccan a bow must have an arrow, a man must to his mate, Exon. 91 b; Th. 343, 10; Gn. Ex. 155. Gemæcca conjunx, Ælfc. Gr. 28; Som. 31, 54.

Linked entries: mæcca ge-mecca

ge-miltsian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-miltsian, -mildsian, -milsian; p. ode; pp. od.

to shew mercy, have compassion, to pity, pardonmĭsĕrēri, propĭtiārito make mild, make kind, softenpropĭtium reddĕre, mītĭgāre

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Spl. 64, 3: 24, 12. Gemiltsode se Hǽlend him mĭsertus eōrum Jēsus, Mt. Bos. 20, 34. Gemiltsa me God, gemiltsa mín mĭsĕrēre mei Deus, mĭsĕrēre mei, Ps. Spl. 56, 1: 50, 1: Ps. Th. 118, 132. Ðæt ðú gemiltsige me that thou pardon me, Hy. 3, 49; Hy.

Linked entries: miltsian ge-mildsian

swinsian

(v.)
Grammar
swinsian, p. ode
Entry preview:

Swinsaþ sibgedryht swéga mǽste, 239, 8 ; Ph. 618. On psalterio ðe him swynsaþ oft on the psaltery that oft makes music to him. Ps. Th. 143, 10. Frætwe míne (the swan's) swinsiaþ, torhte singaþ, Exon. Th. 390, 8 ; . 8, 7 : 55, 17 ; Cri. 885.

þurh-wacol

(adj.)
Grammar
þurh-wacol, adj.

Very watchfulvigilantvery wakefulquite sleepless

Entry preview:

Voc. i.46, 3. Þurhwacol, 75, 66. Þurhwacol pernox, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 65; Zup. 71, 15. in reference to persons: Þurhwacol emhídignys pervigil sollicitudo, Hpt. Gl. 426, 51. ábád on ðam legere ... Þurhwacol on gebedum, Homl. Th. ii. 516, 30.

Linked entry: þurh-wacian

un-gewunelíc

(adj.)
Grammar
un-gewunelíc, adj.

unusualunwontedunfrequenteduninhabitable

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unusual, unwonted Ðæs wundredon men, for ðí ðæt hit wæs ungewunelíc, Homl. Th. i. 184, 30. Fela fægera þinga ðe ðam folce ungecnáwe[n] wæs and ungewunelíc, Ap. Th. 17, 14.

Linked entry: un-gewynelíc

be-hýdan

Entry preview:

þe behýt his leahtras, Angl. xii. 513, 16. Seó clǽnnys behýt (recondit) hyre swurd on ðám temple, Prud. 16 b. Be-hýdde oppilavit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 82, 51. þá goldhord on eorðan behýddan, Chr. 418; P. II, 23. Behéd reconde, Kent. Gl. 176.

cyn

(adj.)
Grammar
cyn, adj.
Entry preview:

Suá is cynn ðæt sió giémen sié ðám beboden dignum est, ut cura ei imponatur, Past. 43, 24: 45, 2, 5: 185, 6. Suá hit is cynn ðætte . . . 195, 20. Hit is cynn ( justum est ) ðæt ðæs gemǽnelíce brúcen, 337, 3.

for-lǽdan

destructionbetray

Entry preview:

Bd. 1, 2), Chr.

wearn

(n.)
Grammar
wearn, e; f.

a hindrance, obstacle, difficulty,a refusal,

Entry preview:

Ben. 97, 7. a refusal, v. wirnan bénan synt ðæt hié wið ðé móton wordum wrixlan, him wearne geteóh ðínra gegncwida they are petitioners that they may exchange words with thee, give them not a refusal of thy words in reply, Beo.