Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

be-frinan

(v.)
Grammar
be-frinan, l. be-frignan, -frinan; p. -frán, pl. -frúnon, -frinon; pp. -frúnen, -frinen,

to ask a person a question, ⬩ to ask ⬩ question, ⬩ to ask about something ⬩ to ask a person about something ⬩ to ask for some-thing ⬩ to ask of a person what one wishes to be told

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H. 205, 20. to ask, question, a person Ic gewréged ðé ne wiðsóc, befrinen (when questioned) ic ðé geandette, Hml. Th. i. 426, 3. to ask about something Dás alle cynna befraignes (inquirunt). Mt. L. 6, 32.

Linked entry: frignan

sum

(adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
sum, indef. prn.
Entry preview:

Sume gé ( quidam ex vobis ) ne gelýfaþ, Jn. Skt. 6, 64. Sume ða bóceras quidam de scribis, Mt. Kmbl. 12, 38. Ða téð hié brohton sume, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 18, 1. Ða sume wé nú gýmdon, Bd. 4, 7; S. 574. 27. with oðer Sum óðer wítega, Homl.

Linked entry: ÁN

mǽl

(n.)
Grammar
mǽl, mál, mél, es; n. m. (?)

a measure ⬩ a mark ⬩ sign ⬩ cross ⬩ crucifix ⬩ fixed, suitable, appointed time ⬩ season ⬩ occasion ⬩ the time for eating ⬩ a meal

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Ne fæsþ se no Gode ac him selfum se ðe ðæt nyle þearfum sellan ðæt hé ðonne on mǽle lǽfþ ac wile hit healdan eft tó óðrum mǽle non Deo, sed sibi quisque jejunat, si ea quæ ventri ad tempus subtrahit, non egenis tribuit sed . . custodit, Past. 43, 8; Swt

wyn-sum

(adj.)
Grammar
wyn-sum, adj.

winsome ⬩ agreeable ⬩ pleasant ⬩ pleasant ⬩ joyous

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'Is ðis winsum spell ðæt ðú nú segst.' Ðá cwæþ hé: 'Nis nán wuht winsumre ðonne ðæt þing ðæt ðis spell ymbe is,' Bt. 34, 5; Fox 140, 11. Biþ micle ðe winsumre sio sóþe gesǽlð tó habbenne æfter ðám eormþum ðisses lífes, 23; Fox 78, 30.

hiw

(adj.)
Grammar
hiw, l. híw,

shape ⬩ form ⬩ shape ⬩ figure ⬩ a form ⬩ shape ⬩ writing ⬩ appearance ⬩ aspect ⬩ colour ⬩ form ⬩ kind ⬩ nature ⬩ character ⬩ formula ⬩ form ⬩ type ⬩ model ⬩ a pretex ⬩ a fancy ⬩ a kind ⬩ species

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Ná beseah on spǽce heów leáse non respexit in insanias falsas, Ps. Rdr. 39, 5. of abstractions, form, type, model, appearance that shews evidence of a quality Mǽþhades híwe uirginitatis typum, i. speciem, An. Ox, 299.

FULL

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
FULL, ful; gen. m. n. fulles, f. fulre: def. se fulla; seó, ðæt fulle: comp. m. fulra, f. n. fulre; sup. fullost; adj.

FULL ⬩ filled ⬩ complete ⬩ entire ⬩ plēnus ⬩ sătiātus ⬩ confertus ⬩ intĕger

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Gif hí fulle ne beóþ si non fuĕrint satŭrāti, Ps. Th. 58, 15: Ps. Spl. 143, 16. Hig fyldon twelf wylian fulle ðæra brytsena they filled twelve baskets full of the fragments, Jn. Bos. 6, 13.

Linked entries: ful ful- fol fullíce

in-gehygd

(n.)
Grammar
in-gehygd, -hýd, e; f : es; n.

Thought ⬩ mind ⬩ intent ⬩ sense ⬩ knowledge ⬩ understanding ⬩ conscience ⬩ intention ⬩ purpose

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Hí hæfdon ðæt góde ingehýd on heora heortan ðæt hí woldon Gode ánum gecwéman and ná cépan dysegra manna herunge they had the good sense in their hearts, to wish to please God only, and not to care for the praise of foolish men, 564, 29.

LECGAN

(v.)
Grammar
LECGAN, p. legde, lægde, léde

to lay ⬩ place ⬩ put ⬩ lay ⬩ to slay

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Ðæt hine man lecgan ne móste, Th. i. 230, 6

ge-rýman

(v.)
Entry preview:

D. 192, 22. (4 b) the object an action, to make the way clear for, give opportunity for :-- Ne gladige hé on þæt, swilce him gerýmed sý and antimber geseald, þæt hé God bereáfige, Lch. iii. 442, 36.

þeóstru

(n.)
Grammar
þeóstru, (sometimes written þr- instead of þ-) and þiéstru, þístru, þýstru; f.: and þeóstre, þýstre; n.

Darkness (lit. and metaph.); ⬩ dimness of sight (lit. or metaph.) ⬩ tenebrae

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Ðæt þýstro eów ne befón ut non tenebrae nos compraehendant, Jn. Skt. 12, 35: 1, 5. Æfter ðǽm clammum helle þeóstra, Blickl. Homl. 83, 22: Exon. Th. 143, 28; Gú. 668. Se beorhta dæg tódrǽfþ ða dimlícan þeóstru ðære sweartan nihte ...

strang

(adj.)
Grammar
strang, adj.

Strong ⬩ fortis, ⬩ acer, vehemens, ⬩ strenuus, ⬩ strong, powerful, mighty ⬩ strong, firm, resolute, hardy ⬩ hard, severe, fierce, stern ⬩ strong, able to resist force, firm ⬩ firm, valid, assured ⬩ strong in operation, effective, producing a great effect, potent ⬩ strong, earnest ⬩ hard, severe ⬩ fierce, violent

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Manig broc byþ mycle strengre ðonne tóðæce, ðeáh ic nǽfre nán strengre ne geðolode, Shrn. 185, 15.

weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
weorpan, (wurpan, wyrpan); p. wearp, pl. wurpon; pp. worpen.
Entry preview:

Ne andswarast ðú nán ðing ágén ðæt ðás ðé on weorpaþ (wurpaþ, v. l.) non respondis quicquam ad ea quae tibi objiciuntur ab his? Mk. Skt. 14, 60.

Linked entries: worpian wurpan

ceaster

(n.)
Grammar
ceaster, cæster, cester; ceastre; ceastre, ceaster, ceastra; f. The names of places ending in caster and -chester were probably sites of a castrum

a fortress ⬩ A city, fort, castle, town ⬩ urbs, civitas, castellum ⬩ the city ⬩ hæc civitas

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a fortress, built by the Romans; the Saxon word is burh, generally f. but sometimes n. vide Gen. 11, 4, 5. A city, fort, castle, town; urbs, civitas, castellum Ne mæg seó ceaster beon behýd non potest civitas abscondi, Mt. Bos. 5, 14.

for-swelgan

(v.)
Grammar
for-swelgan, -sweolgan, he -swelgeþ, -swilgeþ, -swelhþ, pl. -swelgaþ; p. ic, he -swealh, -swealg, ðú -swulge, pl. -swulgon; subj. pres. -swelge, pl. -swelgen; p. -swulge, pl. -swulgen; pp. -swolgen, -swelgen [swelgan to swallow]

To swallow up ⬩ devour ⬩ absorb ⬩ devŏrāre ⬩ degluttīre ⬩ absorbēre

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Ne me forswelge deóp lest the deep swallow me up, Ps. Th. 68, 15. Wǽnunga wæteru forswulgen us forsĭtan ăqua absorbuisset nos, Ps. Lamb. 123, 4. Eall wísdóm heora forswolgen is omnis săpientia eōrum devŏrāta est, 106, 27.

Linked entries: for-sweolgan swelgan

FREÓGAN

(v.)
Grammar
FREÓGAN, freón; ic freó, he freóþ, pl. freógaþ, freóþ; p. freóde, pl. freódon; impert. freó; subj. pres. freóge; pp. freód [freó free] .

to free ⬩ make free ⬩ manumittĕre ⬩ lībĕrāre ⬩ to honour ⬩ like ⬩ love ⬩ honōrāre ⬩ dilĭgĕre ⬩ ămāre

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Naelig-acute;nig ó ðerne freóþ swá him God bebeád no one loves another as God commanded him, Frag. Kmbl. 70; Leás. 37. Ðú ðín ágen móst mennen ateón swá ðín mód freóþ thou mayest treat thine own servant as thy mind liketh.

leornian

(v.)
Grammar
leornian, p. ode

To learn ⬩ study ⬩ read

Entry preview:

Gé ne leornodan non legistis, 4, 3; S. 569, 17. Leorna ðæt ðú ondrǽde drihten ut discos timere dominum, Deut. 14, 23. Leorneaþ æt mé discite a me, Mt. Kmbl. 11, 29. Leornigeaþ bigspell be ðam fictreówe ab arbore fici discite parabolam, 24, 32.

Linked entry: leornend

mǽte

(adj.)
Grammar
mǽte, adj.

Moderate ⬩ mean ⬩ small ⬩ poor ⬩ bad ⬩ inferior

Entry preview:

Næs ðæt mǽtost mægenfultuma not poorest of aids was that, Beo. Th. 2914; B. 1455. Métestum pessimi[s ?], Kent. Gl. 711

Linked entries: mæctor ge-mǽte

nebb

(n.)
Grammar
nebb, es; n.

a neb ⬩ nib ⬩ a beak ⬩ a beak-shaped thing ⬩ a nose ⬩ the gristle of the nose ⬩ the face ⬩ countenance

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a neb (dialect.), nib, a beak, a beak-shaped thing Neb rostrum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 119, 25. Ðæt nebb ( of the Phænix ) líxeþ swá glæs oððe gim, Exon. Th. 218, 24; Ph. 299. Neb ( of a ship ), 392, 1; Rä. 11, 1. Neb ( of a plough ), 403, 1; Rä. 22, 1.

GE-DÉFE

(adj.)
Grammar
GE-DÉFE, -doefe; comp. -ra; superl. -est, -ust; adj.

Becoming ⬩ fit ⬩ proper ⬩ seemly ⬩ convenient ⬩ agreeable ⬩ decent ⬩ quiet ⬩ mild ⬩ meek ⬩ gentle ⬩ kind ⬩ benevolent ⬩ congruus ⬩ convĕniens ⬩ dĕcens ⬩ opportūnus ⬩ hŏnestus ⬩ quiētus ⬩ mansuētus ⬩ bĕnignus

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Ne biþ ðæt gedéfe ðeáþ that is not a seemly death, Exon. 91 a; Th. 340, 26; Gn. Ex. 117. Beóþ gé gedoefe estote vos perfecta, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 5, 48.

Linked entry: deáf-líc

ge-mearcian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-mearcian, p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad

To mark, point out, describe, assign, appoint, determine ⬩ nŏtāre, signāre, designāre, assignāre, constĭtuĕre, decernĕre

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Getácnod oððe gemearcod is ofor us leóht andwlitan ðínes signātum est sŭper nos lūmen vultus tui, Ps. Lamb. 4, 7. He is wuldre gemearcad it is marked with glory, Exon. 60 b; Th. 220, 11; Ph. 318.

Linked entry: ge-mercian