Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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þ

swǽr

(adj.)
Grammar
swǽr, swǽre, and swár; adj. [
  • Halliwell
gives sweer unwilling as a Northumbrian word, and swere dull, heavy, as a Durham one. In
  • Jamieson's Dictionary
the forms sweir, swere, sweer, swear are given with meanings lazy, indolent; unwilling; unwilling to give.]

unwilling ⬩ dull, heavy, ⬩ lazy, indolent; unwilling; unwilling to give.] ⬩ heavy as a burden, of great weight (lit. or fig.), oppressive ⬩ heavy, grievous, painful, unpleasant ⬩ heavy, sad, feeling or expressing grief ⬩ of sin or evil, grave, grievous ⬩ of physical or mental inactivity, heavy, slow, dull, sluggish, slothful, indolent ⬩ inactive from weakness, enfeebled, weak ⬩ of sleep, heavy ⬩ grave, honoured ⬩ grievous (sin, sickness) ⬩ gravis, onerosus ⬩ (a poetic word) heavy, grave.

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heavy as a burden, of great weight (lit. or fig.), oppressive Swǽr is seó byrðen ðe Godes bydel beran sceall, gif hé nele georne unriht forbeódan, L. I. P. 5; Th. ii. 308, 35: Wulfst. 178, 8. Hé bið deófles tempel, and byrð swíðe swǽre byrðene on his

Linked entries: swǽrlíce swǽr-mód swár swár-

þreátian

(v.)
Grammar
þreátian, p. ode.

to urge ⬩ press ⬩ to oppress ⬩ afflict ⬩ vex ⬩ trouble ⬩ exercise ⬩ harass ⬩ to urge a person to something ⬩ press for something ⬩ force to do something ⬩ to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ to threaten

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to urge, press Threátade urguet, Wrt. Voc. ii. 124, 21. to oppress, afflict, vex, trouble, exercise, harass Ðú ðreátt ða ðeóda ðe ús ðreátigeaþ, Ps. Th. 9, 5. Mec láðgeteónan þreátedon þearle my foes harassed me sorely, Beo. Th. 1124; B. 560. Wyrd .

Linked entries: þreátnian þreátung

uppe

(adv.)
Grammar
uppe, adv.

up ⬩ above ⬩ on high ⬩ up

Entry preview:

up, above, on high Ðǽh hé uppe seó, Cal. Th. 281, 2; Sat. 265. Salte sǽstreámas and swegl uppe, Andr. Kmbl. 1498; An. 750. Hræfn uppe gól, Elen. Kmbl. 104; El. 52. Uppe ofer rodere (cf. bufan ðam rodore Bt. 33. 4; Fox 130, 15), Met. 20, 124. Wearð ætýwed

Linked entry: up

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
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A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35. [Steenstrup takes the word to mean a force moving from its quarters in England, and leaving

ós

(n.)
Entry preview:

a divinity, god, the Anglo-Saxon form of a word whose existence in Gothic is inferred from a passage in Jornandes, 'Gothi proceres suos quasi qui fortuna vincebant non pares homines sed semideos, id est, Anses vocavere.' The Icelandic, which throws out

Linked entry: ésa

tilung

(n.)
Grammar
tilung, teolung, tiolung, tielung, e; f.

striving, ⬩ endeavour, ⬩ effort, ⬩ labour ⬩ a pursuit ⬩ occupation ⬩ employment ⬩ business ⬩ care ⬩ attention ⬩ treatment ⬩ cure ⬩ gain that comes from labour ⬩ acquisition ⬩ fruit got by tilling the earth

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striving, endeavour, effort, labour On swelcum lǽnum weorþscipum ǽlces mennisces módes ingeþanc biþ geswenced mid ðære geornfulnesse and mid ðære tiolunga (tiluncga, Cott. MS.) with the desire and striving for them, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 82, 22. Hi swuncon

Linked entries: teolung tylung

ge-séman

Entry preview:

Substitute: the object a person. to reconcile adversaries Lǽt inc geséman ǽr ðú ðín lác bringe vade prius reconciliari fratri tuo, Past. 349, 12. Hié bǽdan Philippus þæt hé heora ládteów wǽre wið Focenses, and . . . þæt hé . . . oþþe hié gesémde, oþþe

medume

(adj.)
Grammar
medume, medeme, meodume; adj.

middling ⬩ moderate ⬩ common ⬩ occupying the middle or mean position as regards ⬩ observing the just mean ⬩ perfect ⬩ meet ⬩ fit ⬩ worthy

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middling, moderate, common Medeme mediocer, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 18; Som. 9, 67. Gif hwylc man forstele deórwurþe þing ... Gif hwylc man medeme þing ( rem mediocrem ) stele, L. Ecg. P. ii. 25; Th. ii. 192, 17-20. occupying the middle or mean position as regards

Linked entry: medeme

þicgan

(v.)
Grammar
þicgan, p. þah, þeah, and þigde, þigede, pl. þǽgon, þégon, and þígdon, þigedon; pp. þegen, and þiged.

to take ⬩ receive ⬩ accept ⬩ to take food, poison, medicine, etc., ⬩ to eat or drink, ⬩ consume

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to take, receive, accept Hé him brád syleþ load tó leáne, hé hit on lust þigeþ, Exon. Th. 331, 31; Vy. 76. Hié ða lác þégon tó þance, Andr. Kmbl. 2225; An. 1114. Ðeáh hé máðmas þége, Elen. Kmbl. 2516; El. 1259. Ðæt hý beágas þégon, Exon. Th. 283, 29;

Linked entries: ge-þicgan þecge

un-þanc

(n.)
Grammar
un-þanc, es; m.

disfavour ⬩ displeasure ⬩ anger ⬩ ill-will ⬩ an unpleasing act ⬩ a displeasure ⬩ an offence ⬩ annoyance ⬩ not thanks ⬩ displeasure expressed in words ⬩ unwillingly ⬩ without consent ⬩ on compulsion ⬩ ingratis ⬩ without (a person's) consent ⬩ not of (one's own) accord ⬩ against (one's) will

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disfavour, displeasure, anger, ill-will Oft ða unwaran láreówas for ege ne durron cleopian, ondrǽdaþ him sumra monna unðonc saepe rectores improvidi humanam amittere gratiam formidantes loqui pertimescunt, Past. 15; Swt. 89, 12. Hine on unðanc R eorringa

Linked entry: un-þances

heofon-lic

chaste

Entry preview:

Add: Of, in, or belonging to heaven, as the abode of God. Similar entries v. heofon; V. Heofonlic hleóðor and se hálga song gehýred wæs, Gú. 1297. Seó sáwl mót brúcan þæs heofonlican, siþþan heó biþ ábrogden from þǽm eorþlican, Bt. 18, 4; F. 68, 17.

syndrig

(adj.)
Grammar
syndrig, adj.

separate, alone, not joined with others ⬩ standing apart, not accessible ⬩ special, set apart for a particular purpose ⬩ special, singular, extraordinary, remarkable for an unusual quality ⬩ for the unusual degree in which some quality exists ⬩ of that which concerns a single person, private, own ⬩ proprius, privatus ⬩ separate, several, sundry, each separately ⬩ one a-piece, one each

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separate, alone, not joined with others Ic mé syndrig eom singulariter sum ego, Ps. Th. 140, 12. Wiþ fefre hylpþ syndrigo marubie tó drincanne to drink marrubium alone, Lchdm. ii. 134, 27. Heáfdehtes porres [croppan] syndrigne sele þicgan, 230, 11. Nim

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

gifu

(n.)
Entry preview:

Take here <b>geafu</b> in Dict. and add: acc. gife, gifu : gife, an (?); f. A gift Gifu donum, datum vel donatum Wrt. Voc. i. 28, 57. Twifealdre gife bino munere, ii. 126, 26. Beneficium freme, i. donum gife, 125, 29. a giving, bestowal

sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
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sulling Aliquam terrae partiunculam, hoc est duarum manentium ... ritu Cantiae án sulung dictum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 249, 19. Terrae particula duarum manentium, id est, án sulung, 250, 8. Yc gean intó Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig ðæs landes æt Holungaburnan

Linked entry: swulung

lecgan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Under dele 'L. Eth.', and add: to cause to take a horizontal position Swá swá gód scipstýra hǽt fealdan ꝥsegl and eác hwílum lecgan þone mæst, Bt. 41, 3; F. 250, 15. <b>I a.</b> to fell a person, slay :-- Gif hine hwá lecge binnan þǽm fyrste

weorþscipe

(n.)
Grammar
weorþscipe, es; m.
Entry preview:

worship, honour shewn to an object Gif hwá biþ mid hwelcum welum geweorþod, hú ne belimpþ se weorþscipe tó ðam ðe hine geweorðaþ; ðæt is tó herianne hwéne rihtlícor si quod ex appositis luceat, ipsa quidem, quae sunt apposita, laudantur Bt. 14, 3; Fox

sǽd-berende

(adj.)
Grammar
sǽd-berende, In a legend of the Holy Cross Seth is represented as bringing seeds from Paradise, whither he had been sent by Adam: Seth, ita edoctus ab angelo cum uellet discedere, dedit ei angelus tria grana pomi illius, de quo manducauerat pater eius dicens ei: 'Infra triduum cum ad patrem tuum redieris ipse exspirabit. Haec tria grana infra eius linguam pones, &amp;c.' If the poet of the Genesis knew such a legend it might have suggested the epithet he applied to Seth. v. Mod. Lang. Rev. vi. 200. See, too, C. M. 1365
Entry preview:

His leue Seth toke of cherubyn, and þre curnels he ȝaf to hym whiche of ꝥ tre he nam ꝥ his fadir eet of Adam

þegnest

(n.)
Grammar
þegnest, (? related to þegnian as O. Sax. thionost,O. L. Ger. thianust, thienest, O. H. Ger. dionóst, Icel. þjónusta are to verbs thionón, dionón, þjóna respectively; or(?) þénest, þeónest the English form corresponding to the nouns given above. The passage in which the word occurs separately refers to Germany, so perhaps the German form has been borrowed(?): where it occurs as the first part of a compound the form is þeónest; in the same passage, which is late, eó is written where é is the more regular form, as heót for hét; perhaps, however, the Scandinavian form has influenced the English)

Service

Entry preview:

Service Þæs ilcan géres fór Aldréd biscop tó Colne ofer sǽ, and wearð ðær underfangen mid mycclan weorðscipe, and him geaf ǽgðer þéneste ge se biscop on Colone and se cásere, Chr. 1054; Erl. 189, 25. (This passage occurs in only one MS.)

Linked entry: þegnest-mann

god-cund

Entry preview:

Add: of or pertaining to God Godcund andgit and godcund foretiohhung, Bt. 39, 4; F. 216, 31. Se godcunda anweald, 16, 4; F. 58, 13. Ðá ðe sió godcundde stefn ðreáde, Past. 91, 7. Þæs godcundan mægenþrymmes, Bl. H. 103, 3. On þǽre godcundan dǽde ( the

Linked entry: god-lic

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