Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

HREÓH

(adj.)
Grammar
HREÓH, adj.

ROUGH ⬩ fierce ⬩ savage ⬩ rough ⬩ stormy ⬩ tempestuous ⬩ disturbed

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Ðá wæs beorges weard on hreóum mode then became the hill-ward of fierce mood, Beo. Th. 5156; B. 2581. On ðære hreón sǽ turbato mari, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 2. On hreón móde troubled, Beo. Th. 2619; B. 1307.

friþ

peace as opposed to strife, discord ⬩ of friendly relations between peoples ⬩ absence of dissension among a people ⬩ peace ⬩ state in which law and order are maintained ⬩ absence of disorder and crime ⬩ peace as opposed to war. ⬩ agreement settled between two peoples previously at war ⬩ peace ⬩ cessation of hostilities ⬩ abstinence ⬩ freedom from attack ⬩ friendly ⬩ security from molestation ⬩ protection ⬩ protection of subjects by a ruler ⬩ terms made with an enemy of the law. ⬩ Mowing of an outlaw.

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Þ góde frið þe hé macode on þisan lande, swá ꝥ án man mihte faran ofer his ríce mid his bósum full goldes ungederad, 1086 ; P. 220, 12. peace as opposed to war. agreement settled between two peoples previously at war peace after war Æt þám hearmum þe

færeld

(n.)
Grammar
færeld, fareld, færelt, es ; n. [fær a going, faran to go] .

a way, going, motion, journey, course, passage, progress, expedition, company, one who accompanies in the journey of life, a relation ⬩ via, ĭter, cursus, gressus, expĕdītio, cognăta ⬩ The passover of the Jews ⬩ transĭtus, phase, id est transĭtus

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War. 1, 36. Færeldu [MS. færeldtu] lustra, meātus, Cot. 125: 134. a particular passage,- The passover of the Jews; transĭtus, phase, id est transĭtus, Vulg. [ = τò πάσχα, indecl.]

ge-win

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Þá folc him betweónum ful x winter þá gewin wraciende (wrecende, v. l. ) wǽron, 1, 11; S. 50, 21. war, cf. (2 d) Gódne hlísan ǽgþer ge on sibbe ge on gewinne, Bt. 24, 2; F. 82, 11.

DREÓGAN

(v.)
Grammar
DREÓGAN, to dreóganne; part. dreógende; ic dreóge, ðú dreógest, drýhst, he dreógeþ, drýhþ, dríhþ, pl. dreógaþ; p. ic, he dreáh, dreág, ðú druge, pl. drugon; pp. drogen; v. trans.

to do, work, perform, to pass life, to fight ⬩ ăgĕre, făcĕre, perfĭcĕre, patrāre, vitam ăgĕre, militāre ⬩ DREE, endure ⬩ ferre, pati, sustinēre, tolerāre ⬩ to enjoy ⬩ frui ⬩ To be employed, be busy ⬩ ăgĕre, negōtiōsum esse

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Drugon wǽpna gewin they fought the strife of arms, they waged war, Exon. 92 b; Th. 346, 7; Gn. Ex. 201.

Linked entries: a-dreógan ge-dreógan

gehwǽr

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The glosser seems to have read this as meaning that everywhere war with outsiders had ceased), Txts. 182, 84. at every place where a certain condition is possible Gehwǽr sácerdas and mæssepreóstas betwih wíbedum wǽron slægene passim sacerdotes inter

hleahtor

a laugh

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Ic (the devil) þá róde ne þearf hleahtre herigean, El. 920: An. 1705. as an expression of contempt, scorn Gif þú mid þan þeáwe tǽlendra mé hleahtrige, warna þé sylfne þǽr þú þé hleahtres (leóhtes ?)

Linked entry: hleahtrian

ge-beorgan

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.), ward off from Ic mé gúðbordes sweng gebearh, Gen. 2694.

ne

(adv.; con.)
Grammar
ne, The word often occurs with other negatives.

Not ⬩ non ⬩ ne ⬩ no ⬩ nay ⬩ Nor ⬩ neither ⬩ ne ⬩ neque ⬩ nec

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Warna ðæt ðú ðæt ne dó cave ne hoc facias, 40, 9. Hwí forbeád God eów, ðæt gé ne ǽton of ǽlcum treówe? Gen. 3, 1. Hí nyllaþ geswícan ðæt hí óðre men ne reáfigen, Past. 45, tit; Swt. 335, 4. Ne gǽst ðú ðanone non exies inde, Lk. Skt. 12, 59.

Linked entry: næ

dreógan

(v.)
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</b> to do battle, wage war :-- Hí gewin úp hófon and þæt drugon oþ hí mid ealle ofslegene wǽron, Ors. 1, 4; S. 32, 18. Hió þæt ylce gewin twá and feówertig wintra wæs dreógende, 1, 2; S. 30, 17.

æt-íwan

(v.)
Grammar
æt-íwan, æt-íwian (-eáw-, -eów-, -éw-, -iéw-, -ýw-. In Ps. L. 16, 15 a dis-tinction between the mutated and not mutated forms seems to be made, the former being transitive (cf.
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Hér atéwoden twégen cometan, Chr. 729 ; P. 45, l. with complementary adjective Eall ðá hrægel swá hwít and swá níwe ætýwdon, swá hé ðý ylcan dæge mid gegearwod wáre, Bd. 4, 30 ; S. 608, 41. Cf. oþ-íwan

Linked entry: æt-eáwan

meaht

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Geweóx miht eorðlices ríces, Bd. 2, 9; Sch. 142, 16. an act of power, mighty work, miracle Ne synd áwritene ealle Iúdan gefeoht for his feónda ware, and ealle ðá mihte þe hé mǽrlíce gefremode, Hml. S. 25, 678.

grétan

(v.)
Grammar
grétan, he grét, pl. grétaþ; p. grétte, pl. grétton; pp. gréted.
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Ðæt he ne grétte goldweard ðone that he should not assail that gold-ward [that dragon], Beo. Th. 6154; B. 3081: Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 41. Gif ðe ǽnig mid weán gréteþ if any one entreat thee evil, Cd. 83; Th. 105, 18; Gen. 1755.

níde

(adv.)
Grammar
níde, neáde, neóde, níde, niéde, nýde; adv. ( a case of níd, q. v.).

of necessity ⬩ as a natural ⬩ inevitable consequence ⬩ from force of circumstances ⬩ of necessity ⬩ because a law, natural, moral or human, is to be satisfied ⬩ from force ⬩ under compulsion ⬩ without free-will

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Wegférende móton for neóde mete neáde ferian and for unfriþe man mót freólsǽfenan nýde fulfaran betweonan Eferwíc, and six míla gemete travellers may, when compelled by circumstances, carry food to supply their needs; and on account of war, a man may,

ge-munan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-munan, ic, he -man, -mon, pl. -munon; also ic -mune, he -monþ, pl. -munaþ; p. -munde; pp. -munen [a verb whose present tense is the past tense of a lost strong verb, cf. Lat. memini]

To remember, bear in mind, consider ⬩ recordari, memorari, meminisse, meditari

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Gemundon weardas wíg-leóþ the watchmen remembered the war-song, 154; Th. 191, 26; Exod. 220. Gemun ðín mann-weorod memento congregationis tui, Ps. Th. 73, 2. Gemune ðú manigra bearna ðe on Edom synt memento filiorum Edom, 136, 7: 118, 49: Ps.

niman

(v.)
Grammar
niman, p. nam, pl. námon; pp. numen (kept in the slang word nim = steal. Cf. Shakspere's Corporal Nym).

to take ⬩ receive ⬩ get ⬩ sumere ⬩ accipere ⬩ to take ⬩ keep ⬩ hold ⬩ tenere ⬩ to take ⬩ catch ⬩ to contain ⬩ to take (with one) ⬩ carry ⬩ bring ⬩ to take (to one) ⬩ give ⬩ to take forcibly ⬩ seize ⬩ take away ⬩ carry off ⬩ tollere ⬩ capessere ⬩ auferre ⬩ rapere

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Ware niman to take care. Hé ne nom náne ware húlíce hié wǽron, 5, 4; Swt. 224, 21. Weg niman to take, go one's way, Cd. Th. 80, 16; Gen. 1329. Wícstówa niman to pitch a camp, Ors. 4, 10; Swt. 200, 8

Linked entry: bi-nom

ge-streón

(n.)
Grammar
ge-streón, -strión, es; n.

Gain ⬩ product ⬩ emolument ⬩ wealth ⬩ riches ⬩ treasure ⬩ usury ⬩ business ⬩ merces ⬩ mercātus ⬩ quæstus ⬩ lucrum ⬩ ēmŏlŭmentum ⬩ ŏpes ⬩ thesaurus ⬩ ūsūra ⬩ nēgōtium

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Gehlódon him hordwearda gestreón they loaded on themselves the riches of the treasure-wards, Cd. 174; Th. 220, 3; Dan. 65: 208; Th. 257, 31; Dan. 666: 209; Th. 260, 4; Dan. 704. Gestreón usura, Blickl. Gloss.

Linked entries: streón ge-strión

sib

(n.)
Grammar
sib, sibb, e; f.

relationship ⬩ friendliness ⬩ kindness ⬩ the opposite of hostility ⬩ peace ⬩ the opposite of war ⬩ peace ⬩ concord ⬩ unity ⬩ absence of dissension or variance ⬩ peace ⬩ freedom from disturbance or molestation ⬩ tranquillity ⬩ the peace of a country ⬩ theking's peace ⬩ peace of mind ⬩ freedom from agitation, fear

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Gé hý mid sibbum sóhtun ye visited the sick with kind attentions, 83, 22; Cri. 1360. peace, the opposite of war Ǽgðer ge on sibbe ge on gewinne, Bt. 24, 2; Fox 82, 11.

Linked entry: syb

BÝSEN

(n.)
Grammar
BÝSEN, bísen, býsn, e; f.

a pattern, an example, model, resemblance, similitude, parable ⬩ norma, exemplum, modellum, similitudo, parabola ⬩ a command, precept, admonition ⬩ mandatum, præceptum, admonitio

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War. 13, 6. a command, precept, admonition; mandatum, præceptum, admonitio Ic gelýfe ðæt hit from Gode cóme, broht from his býsene I believe that it came from God, brought by his command, Cd. 32; Th. 42, 29; Gen. 680.

níþ

(n.)
Grammar
níþ, es; m.

envy ⬩ hatred ⬩ enmity ⬩ rancor ⬩ spite ⬩ ill-will ⬩ jealousy ⬩ action which arises from hatred ⬩ strife ⬩ war ⬩ hostility ⬩ the effect of hatred ⬩ persecution ⬩ trouble ⬩ vexation ⬩ annoyance ⬩ affliction ⬩ tribulation ⬩ grief ⬩ evil ⬩ wickedness ⬩ malice

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Hió mid wíflíce níþe wæs feohtende on ðæt underiende folc she (Semiramis) with a woman's rancor was carrying on war against that harmless people, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 30, 19.