Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

réðe

(adj.)
Grammar
réðe, ;adj.;

Fierce, cruel, savagesevere, stern, austere, zealouswild, savage, fierce;severe, cruel, fierce, dire;

Entry preview:

; Fierce, cruel, savage.; It glosses the following Latin words, ;efferus,; Ælfc. Gr. 14; Som. 16, 57 : ;ferus,; 38; Som. 41, 45: ;trux,; 9, 67; Som. 14, 10 : ;ferox,; 9, 66; Som. 14, 6 : Wet. Voc. ii. 108, 37: ;funestus,; 34, 12: ;infestus,; 45, 26: ;

Linked entry: hréðe

sorh

(n.)
Grammar
sorh, sorg, sorhg, e; f.

careanxietysorrowgriefafflictiontroublesorrow, carecura, solicitudo, angor, moeror, laborcare, sorrow

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care, anxiety Sorg accidia, tedium vel anxietas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 99, 17: cura, 19, 62. Mec sorg dreceþ on sefan, ic ne mæg rǽd áhycgan, Cd. Th. 131, 21; Gen. 2179. Nis mé ðæs deáþes sorg death causes me no anxiety, Exon. Th. 125, 7; Gú. 350. Fréfrigende

Linked entry: sorg

be-cuman

to comeget,to come to powerget into troubleto come toby to cometo a personto befallto becomebehove

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Add: to come, get, local, of completed movement (arrival, traverse) Ecbyrht becuman wolde on Germaniam . . . ac hé ne mihte; ac Wihtbyrht ðyder becom . . . and eft wæs hám hweorfende on Scotland, þanon hé ǽr becom, Bd. 5, 9; Sch. 589, 5-12. Hé lange

(adv.)
Grammar
má, <b>, ;</b> adv.

Moreratherfurther

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More, rather, further Mǽ amplius, Ps. Surt. 50, 4. Gáþ má tó ðám sceápum potius ite ad oves, Mt. Kmbl. 10, 6 : 28. Ǽlces monnes æþelo bióþ má on ðam móde ðonne on ðam flǽsce, Bt. 30, 1; Fox, 110, 2: Past. 17, 9; Swt. 121, 22. Nis him blód tó lǽtanne

þeód-scipe

(n.)
Grammar
þeód-scipe, es ; m.
Entry preview:

teaching, instruction Ðeódscipe ðín hé mé lǽrde disciplina tua ipsa me docebit, Ps. Surt. 17, 36. <b>I a.</b> instruction, being taught :-- Ðú fiódes ðeódscipe and ðú áwurpe word mín efter ðé odisti disciplinam et projecisti sermones meos

gafol

(adj.)
Grammar
gafol, Add:

tribute.payment exacted by a stronger from a weaker people, by the conqueror from the conqueredpayment exacted by the state, a taxpayment exacted by the churchpayment exacted by a lord, e.g. rent by a landlord a contribution exacted in aida rateinterest a debt due, obligation

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tribute. in the following glosses Gedębin gebil gedaebeni geabuli debita pensio, Txts. 56, 336. Cesareum tributum, i. regalis gafol, Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 3. Gebles (geabules, gaebles) monung exactio, Txts. 60, 394. Gafules manung, Wrt. Voc. ii. 30, 10.

teón

(v.)
Grammar
teón, (from teóhan); p. teáh, pl. tugon; pp. togen, tigen (v. of-teón)
Entry preview:

To draw, pull Ic teó traho, ic teó swýðe pertraho, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 5; Zup. 176, 5, 6. Teáþ trahunt, Wülck. Gl. 253, 32. with the idea of horizontal movement, to draw along, pull, drag Ðú mé gebundenne mid fýrenum racenteágum týhst in éce fýr, Shrn. 117

feor

(adv.)
Grammar
feor, adv.

avoidancewidelywidelyfarfar

Entry preview:

Add: at a great distance. of space, absolute Þú feorr gehogodest sæcce sécean, B. 1988. Hé wæs him feor (suíðe fearr, L., swíðe fear, R.) ipse peregre fuit, Lk. 20, 9. where point from which distance is measured is given, in dative Þá foreweardas wǽron

Linked entries: fier firr fyr

lǽdan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: to cause to move (líþan) with oneself, to bring or take a person to a place or person, with the person's consent Ezechias lǽdde ðá ællðeódgan ǽrenddracan on his máðmhús, Past. 39, 3. Orfeus lǽdde his wíf mid him oþ þe hé eóm on ꝥ gemǽreleóhtes and

bútan

(prep.; adv.)
Entry preview:

Add: <b>A.</b> prep. with dat. outside of, local Þá men þe hié foran forrídan mehton bútan geweorce, Chr. 894; P. 88, 11. Bútan fæstenne gefeohtan, Ors. 4, 5; S. 168, 22, 2. Þætte nán búton þǽre gesomnunga ne sié, Bt. 24, 4; F. 86, 3. ꝥ

warenian

(v.)
Grammar
warenian, warnian, wearnian ; p. ode.
Entry preview:

intrans. To take heed, beware, be on guard Warniaþ and waciaþ uidete, vigilate, Mk. Skt. 13, 33. Hé wolde warnian on ǽr he would take precautions, Gen. 6, 6, Man sceal wacigean and warnian symle Wulfst. 90, 2. to take heed of, guard against, abstain

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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the, vide Þ, þ. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines

a-lecgan

(v.)
Grammar
a-lecgan, -lecgean; he -legeþ, -legþ, -lehþ, pl. -lecgaþ; p. -legde, -léde , pl. -legdon, -lédon; pp. -legd, -léd; v. trans. [a from, lecgan to lay] .

to placelay downthrow downsuppresslay asidecease fromponerecollocareprosterneredeponereabjicererelinquereomittereto imposeinflict uponimponereimmittereto diminishtake awayrefuseimminueredeprimerereprimere

Entry preview:

to place, lay down, throw down, suppress, lay aside, cease from; ponere, collocare, prosternere, deponere, abjicere, relinquere, omittere Alecgan hine to lay him down, Lk. Bos. 5, 19: Ors. 6, 30; Bos. 126, 25. He mec on þeóstre alegde he laid me in darkness

fiðere

(n.)
Grammar
fiðere, es; n.

A wingālaWingsālæpennæ

Entry preview:

A wing; āla:Wings; ālæ, pennæ Gif his óðer fiðere forod biþ if one of its wings [lit. one wing of it] is broken, Homl. Th. ii. 318, 29. Fiðera [Spl. fyðera: Lamb. fyðeras] beóþ culfran fegeres seolfres pennæ cŏlumbæ sunt deargentātæ, Ps. Th. 67, 13.

Linked entries: FEÐER fyðera

MACIAN

(v.)
Grammar
MACIAN, p. ode

To MAKEdoact

Entry preview:

To MAKE, do, act Ic macige ðé mycelre mǽgþe faciam te in gentem magnam, Gen. 12, 2. Seó forme declinatio macaþ hire genitivum on ae, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Som. 6, 4 : 24; Som. 24, 24. Ðæt is ðæt héhste gód ðæt hit eall swá mehtiglíce macaþ that is the highest

Birīnus

(n.)
Grammar
Birīnus, i; m. Latin: Biríne, Byríne, es; m.

Birīnus, the first bishop of Wessex,

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Birīnus, the first bishop of Wessex, sent by pope Honorius to Britain in A. D. 634 Ðære tíde ðá West-Seaxna þeód mid Cynigelse heora cyninge Cristes geleáfan onféng, bodade him and lǽrde Godes word Birīnus biscop, se mid Honorius geþeahte ðæs Papan com

Linked entry: Byríne

stræc

(adj.)
Grammar
stræc, strec ; adj.
Entry preview:

strict, severe, rigorous, stern, hard Hú se reccere sceal bión wið ðara yfelena unðeáwas stræc for ryhtwíslícum andan ut sit rector contra delinquentium vitia per zelum justitiae erectus, Past. 17 ; Swt. 107, 6. Stræc (strec, Cott. MSS.), 12 ; Swt. 75

Linked entry: strec

þynne

(adj.)
Grammar
þynne, adj.

Thinthinleanthe opposite of fat or stoutthinthe opposite of thickthinthe opposite of broadthinthinthinweakfeebledelicatefine

Entry preview:

Thin Ðæt ic reccan móste þicce and þynne, Exon. Th. 424, 8; Rä. 41, 36. Ic dó sum ðing ðinre tenuo, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Zup. 137, 9. of dimension, thin, lean, the opposite of fat or stout Þynne monn galbus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 11. Ne mæg him se líchoma batian

Linked entries: þinne þynness

wéste

(adj.)
Grammar
wéste, adj.
Entry preview:

of open country, waste, uncultivated and uninhabited, desert Ðara Terfinna land wæs eal wéste, búton ðǽr huntan gewícodon, oþþe fisceras, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 17, 29: 1, 10; Swt. 48, 25. Ðeós stów ys wéste desertus est locus Mt. Kmbl. 14, 15. Is sǽd ðæt ðæt

wirdan

(v.)
Grammar
wirdan, p.de

To injurehurtannoyto injure,do wrong toviolate a lawhinder

Entry preview:

To injure, hurt, annoy Werdit officit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 115, 43. Wyrde officit, 63, 36. of physical hurt Ne wyrt ðæt ða seón, Lchdm. ii. 26, 14. Ne bét hé hit, ac wyrt, 212, 20. Ða gnættas mid swíþe lytlum sticelum him deriaþ, and eác ða smalan wyrmas