Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

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þ

grim

Entry preview:

In þám grimmestan gǽstgewinne, Gú. 561. of pain, disease, painful or destructive conditions Þonne biþ grimm winter, Archiv cxx. 297, 61. Hell, grim græfhús, Sat. 708. Grim gléda níð, Dan. 465: B. 2650. Se grimma hunger, Rä. 44, 2: B. 102.

sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
Entry preview:

sulling Aliquam terrae partiunculam, hoc est duarum manentium ... ritu Cantiae án sulung dictum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 249, 19. Terrae particula duarum manentium, id est, án sulung, 250, 8. Yc gean intó Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig ðæs landes æt Holungaburnan

Linked entry: swulung

under-fón

Grammar
under-fón, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

Hí fóron tó Baldewine eorle, and hé hig ealle underféng, and hí wǽron ealne þone winter þǽr, Chr. 1064 ; P. 195, I. (l a) to receive an envoy, give welcome to :-- Þá ǽrendracan man mid wurðscipe underféng, Chr. 785 ; P. 55, 6.

lyft

(n.)
Grammar
lyft, es, e; m. f. n.

Air ⬩ atmosphere ⬩ breeze ⬩ sky ⬩ heavens ⬩ cloud

Entry preview:

Seó lyft ðonne heó ástyred is byþ wind, 274, 10. Se storm and seó stronge lyft the storm and the strong blast, Exon. 22 b; Th. 61, 28; Cri. 991. Seó hǽwene lyft the azure air, Cd. 166; Th. 207, 33; Exod. 476.

Linked entries: lift loft

tó-sceádan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-sceádan, -scádan; p. -scéd, -sceád (in the Northern Gospels weak forms are found, and -sceádde occurs in Bede); pp. -sceáden.

to divide in two, ⬩ separate one thing from another ⬩ to divide into parties ⬩ cause division ⬩ dissension among ⬩ to separate contending parties or claims ⬩ judge, ⬩ decide between ⬩ to make a distinction between things ⬩ to distinguish ⬩ treat or regard differently ⬩ to separate one thing from another with the mind, ⬩ to discern, ⬩ distinguish, ⬩ discriminate ⬩ to separate things from one another, ⬩ to order, ⬩ dispose, ⬩ appoint ⬩ to separate the parts of a confused whole, ⬩ to expound, ⬩ interpret, ⬩ render intelligible ⬩ to discuss ⬩ to send in different directions, ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ To be separated, ⬩ to differ

Entry preview:

Meolc wið wíne gemencged ðæt áttor tósceádeþ, Lchdm. i. 352, 14. Stefn Drihtnes tósceádendis (intercidentis) lég fýres, Ps. Spl. 28, 7. Ðá tósceáden wearð líg, tólýsed, Exon. Th. 277, 22; Jul. 584. intrans.

Linked entries: sceádan tó-gesceádan tó-scádan

on-fón

Entry preview:

'Ne cearað incit ellor sécan winas uncúðe, ac wuniað hér'. Abraham . . . onféng freóndscipe be freán hǽse, Gen. 2736. Ne onfóh þú nǽfre médsceattum nec accipies munera, Ll. Th. i. 54, 17. Þé lyst nú lióþa.

hál

Entry preview:

Dryhten wine sínne grétte, . . . héht his líchoman háles brúcan . . . Árás þá mægene róf . . . hál, næs him gewemmed wlite, . . . bán gebrocen, An. 1472. Hálne valentem sospitem (Ald, 40, 1), Wrt. Voc. ii. 81, 4.

Linked entry: tunge

wyrd

(n.)
Grammar
wyrd, e; f.

What happens ⬩ fate ⬩ fortune ⬩ chance ⬩ fate ⬩ the otherwise than humanly appointed order of things ⬩ one of the Fates ⬩ fate ⬩ fortune ⬩ an event ⬩ an event ⬩ occurrence ⬩ circumstance ⬩ incident ⬩ fact ⬩ what happens to a person ⬩ fate ⬩ fortune ⬩ lot ⬩ condition ⬩ fate ⬩ death ⬩ chance ⬩ accident

Entry preview:

Ne wén ðú nó ðæt ic tó ánwillíce winne wiþ ða wyrd (fortunam) ... hit oft gebyraþ ðæt seó leáse wyrd náuþer ne mæg ðam men dón ne fultum, ne nǽnne ðem, 20; Fox 70, 22. Wyrde wiðstondan, Exón.

Linked entry: weord

lecgan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Sete ðín wín and lege ðínne hláf ofer ryhtwísra monna byrgenne panem tuum et vinum super sepulturam justi constitue, 327, 1. Lecge man ꝥ ísen uppan þám stapelan, Ll. Th. i. 226, 28.

hogian

(v.)
Grammar
hogian, p. ode

To employ the mind, ⬩ to think, ⬩ mind, ⬩ consider, ⬩ know, ⬩ understand, ⬩ care, ⬩ be solicitous or anxious, ⬩ to purpose, ⬩ strive, ⬩ intend, ⬩ be intent on, ⬩ resolve

Entry preview:

Hogodon georne hwá ðǽr mid orde ǽrost mihte on fǽgean men feorh gewinnan they eagerly strove who there first with the sword's point might of the fey man win the life, Byrht. Th. 135, 25; By. 123. Ne hoga ðú embe ðæt be not anxious about that, Homl.

Linked entries: hogcende hycgan be-hogian ge-hugod

treów

(n.)
Grammar
treów, es; n.

a tree ⬩ a material ⬩ wood ⬩ trees ⬩ a wood ⬩ roof-tree ⬩ saddle-tree ⬩ a piece of wood ⬩ a beam ⬩ log ⬩ stake ⬩ staff ⬩ cudgel ⬩ gallows-tree ⬩ tree used of the cross

Entry preview:

Similar entries The word occurs as the second part of many compounds, e.g. æppel-, ceder-, corn-, cwic-, cyrs-, ele-, fíc-, gyr-, hwíting-, magdala-, palm-, persoc-, pín-, plúm-, ulm-, wín-, windeltreów; see also láð-, wudu-treów. a material, wood Hí

Linked entries: treó treówian tréu trýw

Beda

(n.)
Grammar
Beda, an; m.

Venerable Bede

Entry preview:

. - Mid ðý ic wæs seofon wintre, ðá wæs ic mid gýmenne mínra maga seald to fédanne and to lǽranne ðam árwurþan Abbude Benedicte, and Ceolfriþe æfter ðon and syððan ealle tíd mínes lífes on ðæs ylcan Mynstres eardunge, ic wæs dónde, and ealle geornnesse

stille

(adj.)
Grammar
stille, adj.
Entry preview:

Hí nýdde se tówarda winter ðæt hí stille wunodon swá hwǽr swá hí mihton coegerat eos imminens hiems ut ubicumque potuissent quieti manerent, Bd. 4, 1 ; S. 564, 39. Ðý læs fyrhtu stille ( quietos ) áwecce, Ps. Surt. ii. p. 202, 19.

frignan

(v.)
Grammar
frignan, [The different treatment of the g in this word gives rise to a great variety of forms. 1.the g may be retained, see the forms in Dict., to which add p.pl. [ge-] frungan; pp. [ge-]frognen. 2. the g may be absorbed giving a. frínan; p. frǽn, pl. frúnon ; pp. frúnen ; or b. frínan may be regarded as of the ablaut series í, á, i and have p. frán, pl. frinon ; pp. [be-]frinen. 3. the g may be assimilated and forms as from frinnan result, see prs. frinne, ppr. frinnende; p. pl. frunnon. Here perhaps belongs the form frunian,
  • Wrt. Voc. ii. 14, 54.
]

to ask ⬩ inquire ⬩ to ask a question, ⬩ to ask about, after, ⬩ to ask ⬩ to ask a person a question ⬩ to ask a person about something, ⬩ to ask information of or from a person,

Entry preview:

Take here the examples given under and Add Frigno consulo, Txts. 51, 514. Ic fríne. Wrt. Voc. ii. 14, 63 : consulo, i. requiro vel inquiro, Wülck. Gl. 209, 30. Frunian (frunnan ?) consuluerunt, Wrt. Voc. ii. 14, 54. to ask, inquire Gif ic fregno (frægno

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

Entry preview:

Hé ðreáde ðæne wind, Lk. Skt. 8, 24: 23, 40. Ðreáde corripit, Past. 21; Swt. 151, 20. Þreádon increpabant, Mt. Kmbl. 19, 13. Ne þreá ðú mé ne arguas me, Ps. Th. 6, 1: 37, 1. Þreá hine openlíce publice argue eum, Lev. 19, 17: R. Ben. 13, 9.

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

ge-hwirfan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-hwirfan, ge-hweorfan.
Entry preview:

Ðætte hié ðone hálwendan drync dæs wínes ne gehwierfen (-hwyrfen, v. l.) him selfum tó áttre quia saluberrimum vini potum in veneni sibi pocula vertunt Past. 364, 9. Ic eom tó náhtegehwyrfd ego ad nihilum redactus sum Ps. L. 72, 22.

Linked entry: ge-hweorfan

stede

(n.)
Grammar
stede, es; m.
Entry preview:

Hí sǽton tú winter on ðám twám stedum, Chr. 887; Erl. 84, 33. of fixed position, a place which a person or thing occupies, an appointed place, station, site Hú neara ðære eorþan stede is arctum terrarum situm, Bt. 19; Fox 68, 23.

Linked entries: bed-stede hám-stede

sceacan

(v.)
Grammar
sceacan, scacan; sceóc, scóc; sceacen, scacen, scæcen.

to shake (intrans.), quiver ⬩ to flee, hurry off, go forth ⬩ to move quickly, to be flung, be displaced by shaking ⬩ to pass, proceed, depart ⬩ to shake (trans.) ⬩ to weave

Entry preview:

Ðá wæs winter scacen, 2277 ; B. 1136 . Wæs hira blǽd scacen their glory had departed, 2253 ; B. 1124 . Biþ se wén scæcen, Exon. Th. 50, 23; Cri. 805 . Biþ his líf scæcen, 329, 25; Vy. 39. Biþ týr scecen, 447, 27; Dóm. 45. to shake (trans.)

wealdend

(n.)
Grammar
wealdend, es; m.

one who exercises power over persons or things, ⬩ a controller ⬩ master ⬩ one who exercises dominion ⬩ a ruler ⬩ governor ⬩ sovereign ⬩ applied to the Deity ⬩ a possessor ⬩ master ⬩ lord

Entry preview:

Se is waldend windes and goldes, Blickl. Homl. 133, 30. Wit Waldendes word forbrǽnoc, Cd. Th. 49, 26; Gen. 798. Ðæt hé Wealdende, écean Dryhtne, gebulge, Beo.

magan

Entry preview:

</b> in a legal statute may = shall or must .x. wintre cniht mæg bión þiéfðe gewita a boy of ten shall be liable for complicity in a case of theft; puer decem annorum debet scire ne furtum faciat, Ll. Th. i. 106, 18.

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