Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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wirgan

(v.)
Grammar
wirgan, wirigan, wirian; p. de, ede.

to curse ⬩ maledicere ⬩ to do evil

Entry preview:

Gé wergdon ðane ðe eów of wergðe lýsan þóhte, Elen. Kmbl. 588; El. 294. Mid heora heortan hig wergdon (wyrgedan, Ps. Th.; wyrigdon, Ps. Spl.), Ps. Lamb. 61, 4. Unárímedlíca mengeo wyrgdon ðone cásere, Blickl. Homl. 191, 10. Wyrgdan devotabant, Wrt.

Linked entries: wergan wergian werigan wiergan wirgend wirgness wirian wyrgan wyrian wærgan

smylte

(adj.)
Grammar
smylte, adj.

Quiet, tranquil, calm, serene ⬩ of physical calmness ⬩ gentle, mild, of the wind ⬩ favourable, prosperous ⬩ of mental calm, placid, serene, tranquil, unruffled

Entry preview:

Smyltum þohtum sinceris mentibus 7, 21: 16, 37

Linked entries: smelte smolt

on-findan

Entry preview:

Hé þóhte his sunu tó beswícanne . . . þá hit se sunu anfunde, 6, 30; S. 282, 10: 12. Se cyning ðæt anfunde, þæt him mon geswicen hæfde, 1, 12; 8. 52, 6. with clause Hé anfunde þæt þæt cúþ wæs, Ors. 4, 5 ; S. 166, 30: 6, 33; S. 288, 15.

unc

(pronoun.)
Grammar
unc, dat.: unc, uncet (-it), acc.: uncer; gen.

Us two ⬩ me and thee ⬩ me and him

Entry preview:

Wit unc werian þóhton, Beo. Th. 1085; B. 540. Gif hé forhigeþ uncet fyrenfulle, Shrn. 42, 27. Ðá sende hé uncerne efenþeówan mid unc, ðæt hé uncet sceolde út álǽdan ... ðá ne mihte hé unc gesión, 43, 1-5.

Linked entries: uncet ungc wit

on-cnáwan

Entry preview:

Ox. 40, 7 : 23. with clause or pronoun representing a clause Ðá se Hǽlend ꝥ on his gáste oncneów ( quo cognito spiritu suo ) ꝥ hí swá betwux him þóhton, Mis. 2, 8. Þá oncneóu se Godes man ꝥ hé féran ne móste, Bd. 5, 9 ; Sch. 595, 16.

ge-þanc

Entry preview:

Þá þóhte ic þæt . . . ac mín látteów andwyrde þǽrrihte mínum geðance, Hml. Th. ii. 350, 14. Worda and dǽda, þeáwa and geþonca, Cri. 1584: El. 1286. Gif hié synna fremmað þeáwum and geþancum. Gen. 2413 : El. 312.

be-swícan

(v.)
Grammar
be-swícan, bi-swícan; ic -swíce, ðú -swícest, -swícst, he -swíceþ, -swícþ, pl. -swícaþ; p. -swác, pl. -swicon; pp. -swicen; v. a. [be by, swícan to deceive]

To deceive, entice, seduce, delude, betray, offend, supplant, weaken, evade ⬩ decipere, illicere, seducere, illudere, prodere, scandalizare, supplantare, deficere, evadere

Entry preview:

Ða ðe þohton beswícan færelde míne qui cogitaverunt supplantare gressus meos, Ps. Spl. 139, 5. Úton acræftan hú we heora mágon [MS. magan] beswícan let us plan how we can weaken them, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 47, 20.

Linked entries: be-swác bi-swícan

HEARD

(adj.)
Grammar
HEARD, hard; adj.

HARD, harsh, austere, severe, rigorous, stern, stubborn, firm, hardy, brave ⬩ durus, rigidus, asper, acer

Entry preview:

Ic hine heardan clammum wríðan þohte I thought to bind him with hard bonds, Beo. Th. 1931; B. 963.

Linked entries: a-heardung heard-mód hnesce

strengðu

(n.)
Grammar
strengðu, (o); indecl. : strengð, e; f.
Entry preview:

Hié ongunnon mid sweordum and mid strengþum þyder gán; þohton ðæt hié woldan ofsleán ða apostolas, Blickl. Homl. 151, 1. referring to things, strength, efficacy, virtue, beneficial power Hæfþ hit ða strængðe hyne tó gewyrmenne Lchdm. i. 116, 1.

un-riht

(n.)
Grammar
un-riht, es; n.

wrong ⬩ evil ⬩ iniquity ⬩ injustice ⬩ a defect

Entry preview:

Heó on unriht þóhtan injusta cogitatio eorum est, Ps. Th. 118, 118: Beo. Th. 5471; B. 2739: Elen. Kmbl. 1161; El. 582: Wulfst. 158, 10. Ðý læs hié on unryht hǽmen propter fornicationem, Past. 16; Swt. 99, 14: 51; Swt. 397, 19.

á-brecan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: I. trans, to break up, break to pieces, destroy the connexion between the parts of an object Hié bánhringas ábrecan þóhton, An. 150. Ðæt his byrne ábrocen wǽre, Fin. 44. Báncofa ábrocen weorðeþ, Vy. 35 : Gú. 1341.

ge-bígan

Entry preview:

Gebíged curva, 23, 47. to cause to move from a position or direction þá þóhton hié hió sceoldon of þám muntum hié gebígan mid hiora flána gescotum, Ors. 6, 36 ; S. 294, 23.

nǽnig

(n.; adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
nǽnig, ( = ne ǽnig).

not any ⬩ none ⬩ no ⬩ no one ⬩ not any one

Entry preview:

Nǽnig heora þohte, Beo. Th. 1385; B. 691. Nǽnegum áraþ leóde Deniga, 1201; B. 598. Ic nǽngum sceððe burgsittendra, Exon. Th. 407, 9; Rä. 26, 2. Mid ðý se cyning nǽnige þinga ( nulla tenus ) his bénum geþafian wolde, Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 11.

Linked entry: nán

ge-sécan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sécan, -sécean; to -sǽcanne, -sécenne; part. -sécende, ic -séce, ðú -sécest -sécst, he -séceþ, -sécþ, pl. -sécaþ; p. -sóhte, pl. -sóhton ; pp. -sóht; v. a.

to seek, inquire, ask for ⬩ quærere, requirere, inquirere ⬩ to seek, go to, approach, look for, visit, come to ⬩ adire, ire vel proficisci, aliquo vel ad aliquem, visitare, venire, pervenire aliquo ⬩ to seek with hostile intention, to persecute, afflict, invade ⬩ hostiliter aggredi, invadere, corripere ⬩ to seek; go to, visit ⬩ ire, proficisci ⬩ to appoint, dispose, beset ⬩ exigere, disponere

Entry preview:

Nǽnig heora þohte ðæt he scolde eft eardlufan ǽfre gesécean not one of them thought that he should ever seek his loved home again, Beo. Th. 1389; B. 692. Land swíðe feor to gesécanne the land is very far to seek, Andr. Kmbl. 847; An. 424: Beo.

Linked entries: ge-sahte ge-soecan

hraþe

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Ne þæt hé yldan þóhte, ac hé geféng hraðe rinc, B. 740: El. 669.

wirnan

(v.)
Grammar
wirnan, p. de.

to refuse ⬩ refrain from granting ⬩ to prevent ⬩ prohibit ⬩ keep from

Entry preview:

Hié wyrnan þóhton Móyses mágum leófes síðes, Cd. Th. 180, 27; Exod. 51. Grammar wirnan, with dat. of person prevented, and a clause giving that which is prevented Hé ús ne wyrnþ (wernþ, v. l.), ðæt wé yfel dón, Bt. 41, 4; Fox 252, 4.

Linked entries: wyrnan wernan

smeágan

(v.)
Grammar
smeágan, smeán; p. smeáde; ppr. smeágende, smeánde; pp. smeád

to consider, meditate, inquire, deliberate ⬩ to consider, ponder, examine, inquire into, discuss, search ⬩ to seek an opportunity ⬩ to accept as the result of inquiry, to suppose

Entry preview:

Maria smeáde and þohte, hwæt seó hálettung wǽre Blickl. Homl. 7, 16. Smeáge man geornlíce, hwæðer hit sóþ sí Deut. 19, 18. Hí águnnon smeágan, hwilc of him ðæt tó dónne wǽre Lk. Skt. 22, 23.

Linked entry: smeán

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

gelíce

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Hé fór tó ánre byrg gelícost þǽm þe hé hié ábrecan þóhte, 5, 7; S. 230, 1: 6, 31; S. 286, 15: 6, 36; S. 294, 11. Wé synd þám gelícost gescapene on þissum worulde þe sum cyning háte sum forworht wíf on carcern dón . . ., Wlfst. 2, 18.

cépan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hí þóhton ꝥ hí hyne ofslógon, and swíþe þæs cépton, Hml. A. 66, 21: 71, 163. Hé wolde ðám biscope þances képan he would be very grateful to the bishop, C.

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