FRUMA
a beginning ⬩ commencement ⬩ origin ⬩ princĭpium ⬩ inĭtium ⬩ ŏrīgo ⬩ prīmordium ⬩ exordium ⬩ an originator ⬩ author ⬩ founder ⬩ inventor ⬩ auctor ⬩ inventor ⬩ a chief ⬩ prince ⬩ ruler ⬩ king ⬩ prŏcer ⬩ princeps ⬩ rex
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a beginning, commencement, origin; princĭpium, inĭtium, ŏrīgo, prīmordium, exordium Hí sendon ǽrendgewrit, wæs se fruma ðus awriten mittunt epistŏlam, cūjus hoc princĭpium est, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 41: 4, 17; S. 585, 17: Ps. Spl. 118, 160: Cd. 1; Th. 1
be-cuman
to come ⬩ get, ⬩ to come to power ⬩ get into trouble ⬩ to come to ⬩ by ⬩ to cometo a person ⬩ to befall ⬩ to become ⬩ behove
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Add: to come, get, local, of completed movement (arrival, traverse) Ecbyrht becuman wolde on Germaniam . . . ac hé ne mihte; ac Wihtbyrht ðyder becom . . . and eft wæs hám hweorfende on Scotland, þanon hé ǽr becom, Bd. 5, 9; Sch. 589, 5-12. Hé lange
wíse
a wise way ⬩ manner ⬩ mode ⬩ fashion ⬩ state ⬩ condition ⬩ an arrangement ⬩ instruction ⬩ a disposition ⬩ direction ⬩ condition ⬩ a thing ⬩ res ⬩ negotium ⬩ a cause ⬩ reason ⬩ res
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a wise way, manner, mode, fashion Hit is ǽlces módes wíse, ðæt sóna swá hit forlǽt sóþcwidas, swá folgaþ hit leásspellunga eam mentium constat esse naturam, ut quoties abjecerint veras falsis opinionibus induantur, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 14, 15. Maniges mannes
Linked entry: wís-fæst
ládian
to excuse ⬩ clear ⬩ exculpate ⬩ defend
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to excuse, clear [one's self of a charge], exculpate, defend Ðe hit symle lytiglíce ládaþ sese callide defendentis, Past. 35, 3; Swt. 244, 9. For ðan ðú tówyrpest ðíne fýnd and ealle ða ðe unrihtwísnesse ládiaþ and scyldaþ ut destruas inimicum et defensorem
wítan
to see to ⬩ take heed to ⬩ guard ⬩ keep ⬩ to lay t ⬩ charge ⬩ lay the blame of ⬩ impute ⬩ to go ⬩ depart
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to see to, take heed to, guard, keep, Grammar wítan, absolute God wíteþon ðam héhstan heofna ríce ufan Alwalda, Cd. Th. 32, 31 ; Gen. 511. [ He (God) witeð and wialdeð alle þing, Anglia i. II, 40. Ihesu, wel þu witest hem, Jul. 51, 15. > Wel is him
Linked entry: ge-wítan
under-þeódan
to subject ⬩ subjugate ⬩ render subject ⬩ to subject ⬩ cause to endure ⬩ render liable ⬩ to subjoin ⬩ add ⬩ to support
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to subject, subjugate, render subject, Grammar under-þeódan, with dat. Se líchoma hine him (the devil) underðiéd mid ðære lustfulnesse ... Swá swá sió nædre lǽrde Euan on wóh and Eue hí hire underðiód[d]e mid lustfulnesse, swá swá líchoma caro se delectatione
Linked entries: under-geþeóded under-þídan
wén
supposition ⬩ opinion ⬩ thought ⬩ idea ⬩ hope ⬩ expectation ⬩ likelihood ⬩ probability ⬩ chance ⬩ perhaps ⬩ perchance ⬩ may be ⬩ probably
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supposition, opinion, thought, idea Hí fleóð swá hrædlíce swá is wén ðætte hí fleógen longe fugiunt quasi putes eos volare Nar. 37, 15. Ðú (Joseph) fæder cweden woruldcund bi wéne (cf. Jesus erat, . . . ut putabatur, filius Joseph, Lk. 3, 23) Exon. Th
Linked entry: wéna
be-gán
passage ⬩ to go round ⬩ to reach by going ⬩ come upon ⬩ get at ⬩ to go ⬩ pass by ⬩ to go ⬩ come ⬩ get ⬩ to pass by ⬩ To come by ⬩ get at ⬩ to come ⬩ fall to one's lot ⬩ to fall ⬩ get into debt ⬩ to surround ⬩ to confine ⬩ to occupy ⬩ to go about a business ⬩ to attend to ⬩ to cultivate ⬩ to worship ⬩ to honour ⬩ venerate a place ⬩ to exercise, practise an art, mode of life, &c. ⬩ to practise a religion ⬩ follow the dictates of ⬩ to practise ⬩ carry on ⬩ do (habitually) ⬩ to devote one's self to a practice ⬩ to exercise a person ⬩ to behave ⬩ to exercise in something ⬩ to exercise ⬩ use ⬩ employ ⬩ to profess ⬩ pretend
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Dele passage Deut. 21, 20, and add: of movement, trans, to go round a place Lǽssan ymbgang hæfð se mann þe gǽð ábútan án hús þonne sé ðe ealle ðá burh begǽð, Lch. iii. 248, 12. Iosue beeóde ðá burh seofon síðum, Hml. Th. ii. 214, 34. Ðeáh þá unriht-wísan
lád
a course ⬩ way ⬩ a lode ⬩ watercourse ⬩ carrying ⬩ carriage ⬩ bringing ⬩ Sustenance ⬩ provision
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a course, way Micel is lád ofer lagustreám great is the way across the water, Andr. Kmbl. 845; An. 423: Exon. 94 a; Th. 353, 17; Reim. 14. Brimwudu láde fús the ship swift in its course, 52 a; Th. 182, 6; Gú. 1306. Ne lǽt ðú ðec síðes getwǽfan láde gelettan
ge-hwirfan
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Take here <b>ge-hwyrfan</b> in Dict. and add trans. to cause to go, to transfer from one place to another Hé hine áscéd of ðǽm worldríce and hine gehwirfde (-hwyrfde, v. l. ) tó ungesceádwísum neátum, Past. 38, 23. Gehwyrfede translati (de
Linked entry: ge-hweorfan
ge-myndig
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Add: I. having remembrance of. without construction Hé gecostad wearð in gemyndigra monna tídum (in the times of men who can remember the events; cf. míne dihteras . . . mihton gemunan . . . þá wundru þisses eádigan weres (Guthlac), Guth. Gr. 103, 48
riht
that which is straight or erect, a plumb line ⬩ that which is straight in a metaphorical sense, right, law, canon, rule ⬩ what is in accordance with law, human or divine, what is just or proper, right, justice, equity ⬩ what is just in the case of a criminal, just punishment, justice ⬩ what properly belongs to a person, what may justly be claimed, a right, due ⬩ what is due from a person, duty ⬩ what agrees with a proper standard, what is correct or exact, the rights of a case, the truth ⬩ an account, a reckoning; ⬩ ratio, mostly in such phrases as - riht ágildan - to render an account
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that which is straight or erect, a plumb line Reht perpendiculo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 81, 26. that which is straight in a metaphorical sense, right, law, canon, rule Mennisc riht; gecynde riht; ánre burge riht; ealra þeóda riht; cempena riht; ealdormanna riht
wirsa
Worse ⬩ worst
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Worse, worst, in a moral sense For hwam lifaþ se wyrsa leng? Salm. Kmbl. 716; Sal. 357. Ne wearð nán wærsa dǽd gedón ðonne ðeós wæs, Chr. 979; Erl. 129, 4. Gif wé ðæt ne dóþ, ðonne wyrce wé ús myccle synne; and ús is get wyrse ðæt wé úrne ceáp teóþian
ge-tácnian
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Add: to mark. make a mark on a material object Getácnod clavato, signato, Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 58. On þǽre stówe wæs getácnod swilce fordrúwod burna in the place were marks as of a dried-up burn, Hml. S. 23 b, 196. to mark by assigning a special condition
ongeagn
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Add: <b>A. I.</b> Mið ðý gesætt on dúne oelebeárna ongeaegn (-gægn, R.) temple (contra templum), Mk. L. 13, 3. Ásettað mé ongǽn (-gén, v. l.) þysum fýre contra ignem me ponite, Gr. D. 48, 3. Móyses ástrehte his hand ongeán ðǽre sǽ, Hml.
tilian
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To strive after or for some object. where the construction is not determined Hé higode oððe tilode nititur, Wrt. Voc. ii. 59, 69. Tioludun perstant, 117, 15. Tilege nitatur, 61, 56. Teolige decrevit, Hpt. Gl. 469, 50. Tilgende nisus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 60
teóðung
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tithe, a tenth part, in passages not relating to the Christian church Hé sealde him ða teóðunge ( decimam ) of eallum ðám þingum, Gen. 14, 20. Of eallum þingum, ðe ðu mé sylst, ic bringe ðé teóðunga ( decimas ), 28, 22. Ic sylle teóþunga (tegðunge, Rush
Linked entry: tegðung
tó-geagnes
towards, ⬩ so as to meet ⬩ against, ⬩ to meet ⬩ in the way of, ⬩ to meet the approach of ⬩ in readiness for, ⬩ against the coming of ⬩ against, ⬩ for the purpose of resisting ⬩ on the approach of, ⬩ towards ⬩ again, ⬩ in return
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prep. with dat. before or after it. where there is motion towards the object governed by the word; without idea of hostility, towards, so as to meet Sittas (the translater has read sed iec as sedite, and taten ii as sedete) cuoæðað ðegnum his ðætte tógeaegnes
se
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Add: and <b>sé.</b> 1 a His mǽgas hine féden gif hé self mete næbbe. Gif hé mǽgas næbbe, oþþe þone mete næbbe, Ll. Th. i. 60, 11. 2 g Þú flíhst from mé on þí gemete swilc man nǽddran fleó, Hml. S. 23 b, 318. 4 Se hýra . . . þonne hé þone
sendan
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To send, cause to go. where the object is a living thing, (i) to send after (æfter), on an errand, for a purpose, despatch Ic sende ǽrendracan tó mínum hláforde. Gen. 32, 5. Ic eów sende swá swá sceáp gemang wulfas. Mt. Kmbl. 10, 16. Hé sent ǽrendracan