Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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spyrian

(v.)
Grammar
spyrian, p. ede, ode

to track ⬩ go in a track ⬩ follow ⬩ make a journey in search of something ⬩ to make a track ⬩ go ⬩ to enquire ⬩ investigate ⬩ examine ⬩ to enquire after or into ⬩ seek to know about ⬩ to search after ⬩ seek to attain ⬩ to ask ⬩ investigare, indagare, sciscitari ⬩ to track; to investigate; to ask

Entry preview:

Hwý nyllaþ hí spyrigan æfter cræftum and æfter wísdóme, 36, 6; Fox 180, 32. Spirigan, 35, 1; Fox 154, 19. Hí ǽfre ne lyst æfter spyrian, sécan ða gesǽlþa, Met. 19, 33

Linked entries: æfter-spyrian spirian

ge-trúwian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-trúwian, ge-trýgian.
Entry preview:

Hié getrúwedon ꝥ hié mid hiera cræftum sceolden sige gefeohtan, 2, 4; S. 72, 16.

ge-stíran

Entry preview:

Þurh ús scylen bión hiora scylda gestiéred mid cræfte, Past. 117, 20. to keep from a state or condition, remove from Nis hit him nó swá longe áléfed swá þé ðyncð, ac dú miht ongitan ꝥ him biþ swíþe hrædlice gestióred (-stýred, v.l.) hiora orsorgnesse

tó-slítan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-slítan, p. -slát, pl. -sliton; pp. -sliten

To tear in two, ⬩ tear to pieces, ⬩ tear asunder ⬩ to tear in two, ⬩ in pieces, ⬩ rend material, ⬩ to give a torn appearance to anything ⬩ to serrate ⬩ to rend, ⬩ cleave, ⬩ break asunder that which is hard or bulky ⬩ to tear the flesh, ⬩ rend, ⬩ bite, ⬩ wound ⬩ lacerate ⬩ to tear asunder ⬩ part ⬩ separate what has been joined ⬩ sever ⬩ to pull to pieces ⬩ destroy the existence of an object, abstract or concrete ⬩ to destroy ⬩ dissipate ⬩ to distract the mind ⬩ To be different

Entry preview:

Lind. 5, 6. to give a torn appearance to anything, to serrate (of leaves) Ðeós wyrt is gehwǽdon leáfun and tóslitenon, Lchdm. i. 290, 9. figuratively Hé ðone cræft briceþ and ða orðancas ealle tóslíteþ, Salm. Kmbl. 147; Sal. 72.

ge-hwilc

Entry preview:

(c 3) reci-procal :-- Framige ánra gehwylc óþron on crǽfte hys, Coll. M. 31, 25. with gen. pl. Þára gehwelc wé willað sié twybóte, Ll. Th. i. 64, 24 : Rä. 71, 5. Hwider hyra gehwylc faran scolde, Bl. H. 229, 5.

strang

(adj.)
Grammar
strang, adj.
Entry preview:

Ðætte úre mód ðý fæstre and ðý strengre beforan Gode sié on ðæm cræftum ut cor robustius in virtute solidetur, 65, 6; Swt. 467, 9.

Linked entries: strenge strengest strengra strong un-strang

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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, cræfta, ægru n. pl. of æg: in contracted words, when æ is not in the last syllable; as Æcer, pl. æceras, æcerum, contracted æcras, æcrum; wæpen, pl. wæpenu ; mægen, pl. mægenu, contracted wæpnu, and mægnu.

for-lǽtan

to let ⬩ permit ⬩ allow ⬩ suffer ⬩ to suffer ⬩ to let ⬩ grant ⬩ to leave ⬩ to leave ⬩ to leave ⬩ consuming ⬩ to leave alone ⬩ leave undone ⬩ abstain from ⬩ neglect ⬩ to leave out ⬩ omit ⬩ to spare ⬩ leave to ⬩ to leave ⬩ quit ⬩ to abandon ⬩ forsake ⬩ desert ⬩ abandon ⬩ to leave ⬩ to leave ⬩ to leave ⬩ die ⬩ to defend ⬩ to abandon ⬩ to leave ⬩ to abandon ⬩ to leave ⬩ to leave of ⬩ give up ⬩ to abandon ⬩ abandon ⬩ to let go ⬩ to restrain ⬩ to release ⬩ restore ⬩ to give up ⬩ relinquish ⬩ to remit ⬩ forgive ⬩ to lose ⬩ to put away ⬩ dismiss ⬩ lay aside ⬩ to send

Entry preview:

Ðæt hié ne forlǽten tó wilnianne ðára ðe Godes sién ut appetere quae Dei sunt non omittant, Past. 393, 28. to leave uncared for, neglect Sé þe cræft his forlǽt, hé byþ forlǽten fram þám crǽfte, Coll. M. 31, 33. Þá þe heora sylfra rǽd forlǽtaþ, Bl.

þeón

(v.)
Grammar
þeón, [from þíhan; and this from an earlier nasal stem, of which traces are preserved in the past forms, where g has replaced h by Verner's law:-Ðunge pollesceret, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 40. Fród fæder freóbearn lǽrdewordum wísfæstum, ðæt hé wel þunge, Exon. Th. 300, 9; Fä. 3. See also the passages given under ge-þingan; ofer-þeón; ge-, heáh-, wel-þungen; on-þungan, Exon. Th. 497, 3; Rä. 85, 23 (omitted in its place)]
Entry preview:

Ðeónde on cræftum virtutibus pollens, Past. 9; Swt. 59, 11. Ðiónde, Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 22.

Linked entries: þeóging þigaþ þunge -þungen ge-þeón

hlehhan

(v.)
Grammar
hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihhan, hlichan, hlihan. hlihgan; p. hlóh; pl. hlógan

To LAUGH [with gladness or contempt], ⬩ to deride

Entry preview:

Ðonne wé hliehaþ gligmonna unnyttes cræftes when we laugh at the useless art of gleemen, 34, 1; Swt. 231, 7. Ne hlóh ic ná ... ac ðú hlóge non risi ... sed risisti, Gen. 18, 15. Ðú hlóge and ic weóp thou didst laugh and I wept, L. E.

Linked entries: a-hlehhan hlichan hlihan

óleccan

Grammar
óleccan, ólæcan (l. ólǽcan).
Entry preview:

Add Ðonne ús fullícost óleccað ðá cræftas and ðá mægenu cum virtutum nobis copia blanditur, Past. 467, 5. Þá woruldsǽlþa swíþe lytelíce óleccaþ þǽm módum þe hí on lást willaþ beswícan, Bt. 7, 1 ; F. 16, 11

FÁCEN

(n.)
Grammar
FÁCEN, fácn, es; pl. nom. acc. fácnu; gen. fácna; n.

Deceit, fraud, guile, treachery, malice, wickedness, evil, crime ⬩ dŏlus, fraus, nēquĭtia, mălĭtia, inīquĭtas, prævārĭcātio

Entry preview:

Fácnes cræftig skilled in guile, Exon. 97 a; Th. 361, 24; Wal. 24: 62 a; Th. 229, 4; Ph. 450. He ðæs fácnes fintan sceáwaþ he sees the sequel of treachery, 83 b; Th. 315, 16; Mód. 32.

Linked entries: fácn fácon fǽcne

tilian

(v.)
Grammar
tilian, tiligan, tilgan, teolian, tiolian, tielian; p. ode
Entry preview:

Swá hwá swá ǽnige cýpinge on ðam dæge begáþ . . . oððe ǽnig cræftig man him on his cræfte tylige ( gets gain for himself by working at his craft ), Wulfst. 296, 8. with gen. of an object to be obtained by effort, without reference to person for whom,

Linked entries: teolian tylian telge

cyst

(n.)
Grammar
cyst, cist, e; f. [ceósan to choose] .

choice, election ⬩ optio, electio ⬩ æstimatio ⬩ excellence, virtue, munificence, goodness ⬩ præstantia, virtus, largitas, bonitas

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Fox 1, 35; Met. 1, 18. excellence, virtue, munificence, goodness; præstantia, virtus, largitas, bonitas Þiónde on eallum cystum and cræftum flourishing in all excellencies and virtues, Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 23: Exon. 79b; Th. 299, 22; Crä. 106.

Linked entry: wyn

macian

(v.)
Grammar
macian, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

., and forming with them phrases approximately equivalent in sense to those verbs Manega drýmen maciaá menigfealde dydrunga þurh deófles cræft, Hml. S. 21, 465. Ǽnig man ciricmangunge mid unriht ne macie, Ll. Th. i. 306, 28.

stician

(v.)
Grammar
stician, p. ode.
Entry preview:

Sticiaþ gehýdde beorhte cræftas latet obscuris condita virtus clara tenebris, 4; Fox 8, 15. Ðæt ða synfullan sáwla sticien helle tómiddes, Salm. Kmbl. 344; Sal. 171. to be inherent Seó godcundnys ðe on ðam men sticode, Homl.

ge-sǽlig

Entry preview:

II b. favoured in respect to mental or moral endowments, happy in disposition, &amp;c :-- Ðæt hé sié se gesǽlgosta on eallum cræftum ofer ealle óðre men quasi prae ceteris praepollens, Past. 463, 13. happy in respect to moral or spiritual well-being

tó-cnáwan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-cnáwan, p. -cneów; pp. -cnáwen

To discern, ⬩ distinguish, ⬩ know the difference between, ⬩ understand

Entry preview:

Hí cræftas and unþeáwas ne cunnon tócnáwan they cannot distinguish virtues and vices, 36, 6; Fox 180, 30. Lǽcas cunnon ǽlces medtrumnesse ongitan and tócnáwan medicus aegritudinis modum dignoscit, 39, 9; Fox 226, 17.

medume

(adj.)
Grammar
medume, medeme, meodume; adj.

middling ⬩ moderate ⬩ common ⬩ occupying the middle or mean position as regards ⬩ observing the just mean ⬩ perfect ⬩ meet ⬩ fit ⬩ worthy

Entry preview:

Hé wyrþ ǽlces cræftes medeme ( fit for, capable of ) ... ǽlces þinges swá medeme swá hé ǽfre medemast (medomist, MS. Cott.), Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 25-29.

Linked entry: medeme

wís-dóm

(n.)
Grammar
wís-dóm, es; m.

wisdom ⬩ discretion ⬩ knowledge ⬩ cognizance ⬩ wisdom ⬩ knowledge ⬩ learning ⬩ philosophy

Entry preview:

Ða míne þeówas sindon wísdómas and cræftas (sciences and arts ), Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 33. ¶ throughout the Boethius, in which Philosophy personified is a speaker, the word used in the translation is wísdóm

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