Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

þurfan

(v.)
Grammar
þurfan, prs. ic, he þearf, ðú þearft, pl. wé þurfon; p. þorfte; subj. prs. is þurfe, þyrfe, pl. þurfen, þyrfen; prs. ptcpl. þurfende, þyrfende

To needto be in needhave need of somethingto need to do somethingto be bound to do something because it is rightto be obligedbe compelled by destinyto have good cause or reason for doing somethingto be use, to be good for a person to do somethingto owe

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Hú hé ðisse worulde wynna þorfte læsast brúcan how he should be least under the necessity of enjoying the delights of this world, Exon.Th. 122, 20; Gú. 308.

EARD

(n.)
Grammar
EARD, es; m.

land, country, province, region, place of residence, dwelling, home sŏlum nātīvum, patria, rĕgio, dŏmĭcĭlium on land terra, terra firmastate, station, conditionsĭtus, condĭtio

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land, country, province, region, place of residence, dwelling, home; sŏlum nātīvum, patria, rĕgio, dŏmĭcĭlium Sumra wyrta oððe sumes wuda eard biþ on dúnum, sumra on merscum ... on ðære stówe ðe his eard biþ the native soil of some herbs or of some wood

scír

(adj.)
Grammar
scír, adj.
Entry preview:

(g) of the world :-- Þurh ða scíran gesceaft, Exon. Th. 286, 7; Jul. 728. (h) of a banner :-- Fana hwearfode scír on sceafte the flag fluttered gleaming bright on its staff, Met. l, 11.

freó

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Ic wolde beón þí freóra Gode tó þáwianne, Solil. H. 36, 11. free from work, disengaged Hié wilniað ðæt hié beón freó and ǽmetige ... and noldon beón ábisgode on eorðlicum ðingum, Pasf. 135, 25.

ge-bycgan

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Eádsige arcb ... bletsode Síward tó biscope ... se arcbiscop wénde ꝥ hit sum óðer mann ábiddan wolde oððe gebicgean, 1043; P. 164, 5.

god-spell

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Þéh hé gehýre þá word þæs hálgan godspelles, 55, 7. Þonne wé gehýron Godes béc rǽdan and godspell secggean, 111, 17: 47, 31. Acolitus candele byrð þonne mann godspell rǽt ... Diaconus godspell rǽt æt Godes þénungum, Ll. Th. ii. 348, 4-14: Vis.

ge-hátan

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H. 17, 3. with clause Ic árás swá ic gehéht ꝥ ic dón wolde, Bl. H. 183, 29. Gehét, Bt. 33, 3; F. 126, 7. Þú mé gehéte ꝥ þú hí woldest mé getǽcan, F. 126, 10. Hé gehétt ðæt hé suá dón wolde, Past. 307, 11.

hínan

to humblehumiliatedegradeinsultto conquersubjecto oppressafflictto lay lowdestroyto lay wastedestroyto accuse

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Sum óðer hine wolde slán on his heáfde mid heardum ísene, ac ꝥ wǽpen wand áweg mid þám slege of þæs réðan handum þe hine hýnan wolde. Hml.

Linked entries: hýnan hénan hinend

under-fón

Grammar
under-fón, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

wolde ꝥ heom grið betweónan beón sceolde, and him man gafol and metsunge syllan sceolde, and hí ðá ealle ꝥ underféngon, Chr. 1006; P. 137, 20. V. add :-- Þ weolcen underféng hine, Nap. 64, 36.

heard

firmsteadfastresoluteboldresoluteobduraterigidunyieldingoppressiverigorousstrictharsh

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Þá þrý cómon tó þeódne foran hearde and higeþancle, Dan. 94. of word or thought, bold, resolute: Á scyle geong mon wesan geómormód, heard heortan geþóht swylce habban sceal, blíðe gebǽro, Kl. 43.

for-lǽtan

to letpermitallowsufferto sufferto letgrantto leaveto leaveto leaveconsumingto leave aloneleave undoneabstain fromneglectto leave outomitto spareleave toto leavequitto abandonforsakedesertabandonto leaveto leaveto leavedieto defendto abandonto leaveto abandonto leaveto leave ofgive upto abandonabandonto let goto restrainto releaserestoreto give uprelinquishto remitforgiveto loseto put awaydismisslay asideto send

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Gl. 967. to send forth words Hé egeslicne cwide ofer þæt folc forð forlǽteð, Cri. 1518. Þá ídlan word hé út forlét, Bl. H. 59, 19. Þǽr ic hearme word út forlǽte, Ps. Th. 140, 5

gearo

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Gié wosað gearuu, Lk. L. 12, 40. Wé beóð eádmódlíce gearawe, Ll. Th. i. 238, 27. Ǽlc here hæfð ðý lǽssan cræft ðonne hé cymð, gif hine mon ǽr wát, ǽr hé cume; for ðǽm hé gesihð ðá gearwe ðé hé wénde ðæt hé sceolde ungearwe findan.

gíme-líst

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Ðæt hé ðára giémeliéste wolde gediéglan ut horum negligentiam velaret, Past. 207, 22. <b>V a.

sceacan

(v.)
Grammar
sceacan, scacan; sceóc, scóc; sceacen, scacen, scæcen.

to shake (intrans.), quiverto flee, hurry off, go forthto move quickly, to be flung, be displaced by shakingto pass, proceed, departto shake (trans.)to weave

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Hé behét ðæt hé nǽfre siððan of ðam mynstre sceacan nolde he promised that he would not leave the monastery in a hurry again, Homl. Th. ii. 176, 28. Hwí woldest ðú sceacan bútan mínre gewitnisse cur ignorante me fugere voluistil? Gen. 31, 27.

on-ginnan

(v.)
Grammar
on-ginnan, p. -gan, -gann; pl. -gunnon; pp. -gunnen.

to begin, set about, set to workto attempt, endeavour (with infin.)to act strenuouslyto make an attempt upon, to attack

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wolde onginnan hím óleccan, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 13. to act strenuously Hí on ðam gewinne werlíce ongunnon. Homl. Th. ii. 502, 5. Onginnaþ werlíce, i. 188, 31.

helpan

to succourto be serviceableto profitavail

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wolde tóweorpan wuldres aldor, þǽr heora Móyses mægene ne hulpe, Ps. Th. 105, 19: 118, 92.

Butting-tún

(n.)
Grammar
Butting-tún, es; m.
Entry preview:

It does not, however, suit 'ðá up be Sæferne,' if this means that they went up stream, which would seem to be its meaning, though not in Florence, Chr. Erl. notes, p. 318

higian

(v.)
Grammar
higian, p. ode

To hiehastenstrive

Entry preview:

Higaþ ealle mægne ðæt hé wolde . . . strives with all his might to . . . Bt. 30, 1; Fox 110, 4: Bt. Met. Fox 13, 130; Met. 13, 65.

Linked entries: hígþ tó-higung

INN

(n.)
Grammar
INN, es; n.

A dwellinghousechamberlodging

Entry preview:

Ðá eode hé tó his inne ðǽr hé hine restan wolde intravit cubiculum, quo dormire disponebat, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 18 : Cd. 76; Th. 94, 25; Gen. 1567 : Judth. 10; Thw. 22, 21; Jud. 70. Hé com tó his inne venit in domum, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 36.

Linked entry: in

man

(pronoun.)
Grammar
man, mon; indef. pron. (originally nom. of noun mann q. v. ; cf. French on from homo).

Oneanyonetheypeople

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One, anyone, they, people; it is often used with the active voice where modern English would take the passive Man brohte his heáfod on ánum disce and sealde ðam mǽdene allatum est caput ejus in disco, et datum est puellæ, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 11.

Linked entries: MANN mon