Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ofer-wacian

(v.)

to keep watch, over, act as a guard

Entry preview:

to keep watch, over, act as a guard Julianus wýcode wið ða eá Eufraten, and him olerwacedon syfanfealde weardes, Homl. Skt. i. 3, 271

ge-tyddrian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-tyddrian, p. ode; pp. od

To produce ⬩ bring forth

Entry preview:

To produce, bring forth Swilce he swá fela wínboga getyddrode as if it so many vine-branches brought forth, Homl. Th. ii. 74, 7

spícing

(n.)
Grammar
spícing, es; m.

A spike

Entry preview:

A spike (? Halliwell gives spiking a large nail, as a northern word) Spícyngas gadirian oððe wyrcean, geswinc hit getácnaþ, Lchdm. iii. 200, 24

sealm-traht

(n.)
Grammar
sealm-traht, es; m.

A commentary on the psalms or on a psalm

Entry preview:

A commentary on the psalms or on a psalm Swá swá Hieronimus se wísa trahtnere áwrát on sumum sealmtrahte, Homl. As. 36, 297

a-wirgan

(v.)
Grammar
a-wirgan, p. de; pp. ed

To strangle ⬩ strangulare

Entry preview:

To strangle; strangulare Gelícost ðam ðe he hine sylfne hæfde unwitende awirged as if he had voluntarily strangled himself, Ors. 6, 36; Bos. 131, 38

Linked entry: wirgan

-becc

(suffix)
Grammar
-becc, -bec, -beck,
Entry preview:

used for the name of places, or as a termination to the names of places, denotes the situation to be near a brook or river

cyne-gild

(n.)
Grammar
cyne-gild, cynegyld,es; n. [gild compensation]

A king's compensation ⬩ regis compensatio

Entry preview:

A king's compensation; regis compensatio To bóte on cynegilde [-gylde MS. H.] as offering for the king's compensation, L. M. L. Th. i. 190, 7

ge-frége

(n.)
Grammar
ge-frége, es; n.

A knowing ⬩ knowledge ⬩ hearsay ⬩ cognĭtio ⬩ audītio

Entry preview:

A knowing, knowledge, hearsay; cognĭtio, audītio Míne gefrége in my knowledge, as I have heard, Andr. Kmbl. 3251; An. 1628 : Apstls. Kmbl. 50; Ap. 25

ge-réf-mǽd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-réf-mǽd, e; f.

'The meadow which the reeve owned "ex officio," or over which, as common pasture, he exercised the right of superintendence,'

Entry preview:

'The meadow which the reeve owned "ex officio," or over which, as common pasture, he exercised the right of superintendence,' Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. xxxiv

flán-hred

Grammar
flán-hred, -hræd.
Entry preview:

Swift as an arrow Flánhred dæg (the day of death. Cf. My days are swifter than a weaver's shuttle, Job 7, 6), Reim. 72. Substitute:

ge-betron

(adj.)
Entry preview:

Preóstas . . . mid heora modes gebetron (with the superior condition of their mind? Cf. betera as substantive ?) witon wel hwæt byð lamentum, Angl. viii. 313, 12

Linked entry: betera

þrí

Entry preview:

Add: as multiplicative, three times Se earma man wile drincan ðreó swá feala, ge feówer swá feala swá his neád wǽre, Hml. A. 145, 29

ælmes-æcer

(n.)
Entry preview:

a field the produce of which was given as alms, first-fruits Frumwæstmas hátað sume men ælmessecer sé ðe ús ǽrest gerípod bið, Nap. 5

Linked entry: æcer

fersc

fresh ⬩ fresh ⬩ fresh

Entry preview:

Add: of water. fresh as opposed to salt Þǽr sint swíðe micle meras fersce, Ors. 1, 1; S. 19, 5. fresh as opposed to stagnant Wé æfter ferscum wætre hié frinon . . . hié cwǽdon ꝥ wé fundon sumne swíðe micelne mere in þǽm wǽre fersc wæter and swéte genóg

friþ-gegilda

(n.)
Grammar
friþ-gegilda, friþ-gegylda, an; m. [friþ-gild a peace-guild]

A member of a peace-guild ⬩ congildo ⬩ sŏdālis ⬩ sŏcius

Entry preview:

A member of a peace-guild; congildo, sŏdālis, sŏcius Ðis is seó gerǽdnis ðe ða biscopas and ða geréfan ðe to Lundenbyrig hýraþ gecweden habbaþ on úrum friþgegyldum, ǽgðer ge eorlisce ge ceorlisce this is the ordinance that the bishops and reeves which

Linked entries: friþ-gild fryþ-gegylda

níwe

(adv.)
Grammar
níwe, níge; adv.

Newly ⬩ recently

Entry preview:

Newly, recently Wé níwe syndon tó ðissum geleáfan gedón we are newly turned to this faith, Blickl. Homl. 247, 34. Syððan heó níge cealfod hæfþ after it (a cow) has recently calved, L. R. S. 13; Th. i. 438, 19. Sceal mon lácnian swilce ádle mid cú meolcum

hǽst

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
hǽst, hést, e; f.

Violence, fury

Entry preview:

Violence, fury Ic þurh hést hríno láðgewinnum I violently touch my foes, Exon. 104 b; Th. 397, 31; Rä. 16, 28. Fære ne móston wætres brógan hǽste hrínan the terrors of the water might not with violence touch the vessel, Cd. 69; Th. 84, 11; Gen. 1396.

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: -witol -wríþan stalian syngian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian

þreágan

(v.)
Grammar
þreágan, þreán, and þreáwian (v. þreápian); p. þreáde [in Bt. 38, 1; Fox 196, 7 a form occurs that might be a strong past of þreán, on the analogy of þweán, sleán Ðæt gewit wæs swíþe sorgiende for ðám ermþum ðe hí ðrógan; cf. the rendering of the same passage in the metres: Ðæt mód wæs swíðe sorgum gebunden for ðǽm earfoþum ðe him on sǽton,
  • Met. 26, 97.
But, perhaps, drugon should be read, as, Latin is:]; pp. þreád.

to reprove ⬩ rebuke ⬩ reproach ⬩ to punish one who deserves punishment ⬩ to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend ⬩ to chasten ⬩ correct ⬩ to torture ⬩ torment ⬩ afflict ⬩ distress ⬩ vex ⬩ oppress

Entry preview:

to reprove, rebuke, reproach Ic hine þreáge (ðreá, Lind.: ðriá, Rush.) and forlǽte corripiam illum et dimittam, Lk. Skt. 23, 22. Ne þreáge (drégu, Surt.: þreá, Spl. C.: þrǽwie, Spl. T.) ic eów non arguam te, Ps. Th. 49, 9. Þreáge (ðréu, Surt.: ðreáge

Linked entries: þreán þreiga ðrogan

helle-loc

(n.)
Entry preview:

an enclosure in hell; in pl. hell as a prison Ꝥ hí scoldan hine gelǽdan tó hellelocum (ad inferni claustra), Gr. D. 325, 30

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