Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

irnan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ðá wildan hors scealden iornan on hearde wegas and him ðá limo tóbrecan, Shrn. 72, l. Se hrefn mid áþenedun fiðerum ongann yrnan hoppetende ymbútan þone hláf coruus expansis alis circa panem coepit discurrere, Gr. D. 118, 24. Iornende currens, Mt.

wræc

(n.)
Grammar
wræc, es; n.

wrack ⬩ misery ⬩ suffering ⬩ suffering that comes as punishment, ⬩ retributive punishment ⬩ vengeance ⬩ where the punishment or misery is exile or banishment

Entry preview:

Hí wǽron þurh heora handa deáþes wræc ðrowiende per horum manus ultionem essent mortis passuri. Bd. 2, 2 ; S. 503, 31. Hí ðurh Drihtnes wræc heora scylde wíte ðrowedon Domino vindice poenas sui reatus luerent, 4, 26 ; S. 602, 13.

wíg-bed

(n.)
Grammar
wíg-bed, wí-bed, wió-bed, -bud, wié-bed, weó-bed, -bud, weófod (-ed, -ud), wéfod, es, also -beddes; n. (generally, but se weóbud, Past. 33; Swt. 217, 21, and pl. wíbedas, Bd. 5, 20; S. 641, 42)

An altar

Entry preview:

Wígbedes hornas cornu altaris, Ps. Th. 117, 25: Ps. Lamb. 117, 27. Tó wígbedes ðénunge, Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 9: 5, 10; S. 624, 34. Wígbedes (weófodes, col. 1), 3, 17; S. 544, 3, col. 2. Weófodes (wígbeddes, Lind.: wí-bedes, Rush.), Lk. Skt. 1, 11.

Linked entries: beód wí-bed wíg-gebed wíh weó-bed

ge-býrian

(v.)
Grammar
ge-býrian, l. -byrian, take here ge-berian
Entry preview:

Eorles swá þǽrtó gebyrige, ꝥ syndon eahta hors ..., 414, 5. to be appropriate, suitable, convenient. in physical sense Ðætte hé ǽghwelcum men finde ðone lǽcedóm ðe him tó gebyrge ut congrua singulorum vulneribus medicamina opponat.

hand

Entry preview:

Sceal hond and heard sweord ymb hord wígan, 2509. Him sió swíðre swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte, 2099. where the word denotes agency, instrumentality in general Oft him bonena hond on herefelda gesceóde, An. 17.

wlanc

(adj.)
Grammar
wlanc, adj.

proud ⬩ high-spirited ⬩ bold ⬩ proud ⬩ bold ⬩ arrogant ⬩ haughty ⬩ insolent ⬩ proud ⬩ elate ⬩ exultant ⬩ splendid ⬩ great ⬩ high ⬩ august ⬩ magnificent ⬩ rich

Entry preview:

Godelike on horse, wlanc on werge, and unwurþ on wike, 121, 315. Þat child (Christ) þat is so milde and wlong, 197, 11. Ȝe beoð toswollen wið wind of wlonke wordes, Kath. 842. My wodbynde so wlonk þat wered my heued, Allit. Pms. 106, 486.

Linked entry: wlencu

for-standan

(v.)
Grammar
for-standan, fór-standan (l. for-).
Entry preview:

Heaðolíðendum hord forstandan, bearn and brýde, B. 2955: Met. 1, 22. Hé sceal þý wonge wealdan: ne magon gé him þá wíc forstondan, Gú. 674.

Linked entry: for-licgan

ge-win

Entry preview:

Ox. 11, 81. a war, cf. (2 c) Þis wæs geworden ǽr ðæt gewinn cóme ðurh Hengest and Horsa þe hýndon ðá Bryttas, Hml. S. 19, 147. Þæt gewinn þæt his fæder ástealde bellum a patre susceptum, Ors. 2, 5; S. 78, 31.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
Entry preview:

Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

FÆÐM

(n.)
Grammar
FÆÐM, es; m: also in prose fæðm, e; f.

the embracing arms ⬩ brachia amplexa, circumdăta ⬩ A lap, bosom, breast ⬩ quicquid complectĭtur vel comprehendit alĭquid, sĭnus, grĕmium, interna, pectus ⬩ FATHOM = six feet ⬩ spătium utriusque brachii extensiōne contentum ⬩ An embrace, protection ⬩ amplexus, complexus, protectio ⬩ Grasp, power ⬩ pŏtestas, dĭtio ⬩ An expanse, abyss, deep ⬩ expansum, tractus, superfĭcies, abyssus, profundum

Entry preview:

In fæðm fýres into the bosom of the fire, Cd. 184; Th. 230, 16; Dan. 234, Astág mægna gold-hord in fǽmnan fæðm the treasury of might [Christ] descended into a virgin's womb, Exon. 19 b; Th. 49, 19; Cri. 788. that part of the arm on which one leans

Linked entries: fæðem feðm

húru

Entry preview:

Add: <b>, híru, hýru</b>. qualifying measurements, at least, about Wé wið þám wyrmum wunnan húru twá tída þǽre nihte (prope duas horas), Nar. 13, 27. Húru ferme (centies exorans ferme ), An. Ox. 17, 38. Húru embe seofon niht, Bl.

mann

Entry preview:

Æt men fíftene peningas, æt horse healf swá, 224, 25. Be manna metsunge. Ánan esne gebyreð tó metsunge . . . 436, 25. Wé cwǽdon úrum þeówum mannum, 234, 3.

sceáwian

(v.)
Grammar
sceáwian, ode.

to look ⬩ to look at ⬩ observe ⬩ behold ⬩ see ⬩ to look at, look on with favour, to regard, have respect to ⬩ to look at with care, consider, inspect, examine, scrutinize, reconnoitre ⬩ to look out, seek for, select, choose, provide ⬩ to shew (favour, respect, etc.) ⬩ to grant

Entry preview:

Hord sceáwian, 5481; B. 2744. Land sceáwigan, Cd. Th. 115, 16; Gen. 1920. Ðá ongon ic geornlícor ðá stówe sceáwigan and geond ða bearwas gongan igitur perambulare totum nemus incipio, Nar. 27, 20.

wǽta

(n.)
Grammar
wǽta, an; m.:wǽte, an; f.

wet, moisture ⬩ a liquid ⬩ a liquid that may be drunkor used in cookery, medicine,etc., liquor, drink ⬩ moisture in an animal body, humour ⬩ water, urine ⬩ moisture of plants, juice, sap

Entry preview:

Gífernes áríst of ðæs hores wǽtan ðe of ðam magan cymð, ii. 196, 3. Of yfelum wǽtan slítendum ðone magan, . . . gif se seóca man áspíwð ðone yfelan bítendan wǽtan áweg, 60, 20-23. Of yfelre wǽtan slítendre, 4, 30.

Linked entries: wǽt wǽte

stán

(n.)
Grammar
stán, es; m.
Entry preview:

Ic stande beforan ðé uppan Oreb stáne ( supra petram Horeb ), Ex. 17, 6. Ðú eart Petrus and ofer ðisne stán ( petram ) ic timbrige míne cyricean, Mt. Kmbl. 16, 18: 7, 24. Stearcheort styrmde, stefn in becom under hárne stán, Beo. Th. 5100; B. 2553.

Linked entry: stán-weorþung

MAGAN

(v.)
Grammar
MAGAN, (the infin. does not occur in W. S. but mæge glosses posse,
  • Mk. Skt. p. 3, 1
    • ;
and <b>magende</b>
(cf. Icel. megandi) = quiens,
  • Ælfc. Gr. 41
    • ;
  • Som. 44, 21.

to be strong ⬩ efficacious ⬩ to avail ⬩ prevail ⬩ be sufficient ⬩ to be strong ⬩ be in good health ⬩ to be able ⬩ may ⬩ may

Entry preview:

Ðis mæg horse wið ðon ðe him biþ corn on ða fét, Lchdm. iii. 62, 24.

Linked entry: mæg

fore

before ⬩ in front of ⬩ at the head of ⬩ before ⬩ for ⬩ from ⬩ through ⬩ because of ⬩ on account of ⬩ for ⬩ from ⬩ through ⬩ in place of ⬩ instead of ⬩ for the sake of ⬩ on behalf of ⬩ to the honour of ⬩ of ⬩ about ⬩ before ⬩ into the presence of

Entry preview:

Sé þe hors nabbe wyrce þám hláforde þe him fore ríde, Ll. Th. i. 232, 21. with verbs expressing or implying payment, requital. Similar entries v. for; A.

Linked entries: fóre-beón fóre-bétan fóre-gilpan

plegan

(v.)
Grammar
plegan, plægan, plegian, plagian, plagian; p. de, ede, ode
Entry preview:

On ðæm dæge plegedon hié of horsum, Ors. 3, 7 ; Swt, 118, 29. <b>II b.</b> to play (with anything) :-- Hé mid bǽm handum upweard plegade he waved both hands aloft, Elen. Kmbl. 1609; El. 805.

Linked entries: plægan plagian plegian

þeáw

(n.)
Grammar
þeáw, es; m.
Entry preview:

GlI. 503, 59. a custom, habit, manner, mode of conduct of an individual; the pl. often may be rendered by conduct, behaviour Ðeáw wæs ðam ylcan biscope, ðæt hé ðæt weorc má ðurh his fóta gange fremede, ðonne on his horsa ráde moris erat eidem antistiti

se

Entry preview:

Nim ꝥ seax þe þæt hæfte sié hrýþeres horn, Lch. ii. 290, 22. Hrín him mid þý snidísene, 208, 16. 7. one . . . one, one . . . other. Cf. 4 Hió hiere folc on tú tódǽle . . .

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