Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

DRÍFAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRÍFAN, drýfan,ic drífe , ðú drífest , drífst , he drífeþ , drífþ , dríft , pl. drífaþ; p. ic, he dráf, ðú drife, pl. drifon, dreofon; pp. drifen .

DRIVE, force, pursue pellĕre, mināre, impellĕre, persĕqui To drive, rush with violence ruĕre

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Ic drífe sceáp míne to heora lease mino oves meas ad pascua, Coll. Monast. Th. 20, 11. Ic ða of Drihtnes drífe ceastre I will drive them from the, Lord's city, Ps. Th. l00, 8.

HRING

(n.)
Grammar
HRING, hrincg, es; m.

A RINGcirclecircuitcycleorbglobefestoon

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Heortan unhneáweste hringa gedáles the heart least niggardly in the giving of rings, Exon. 85 b; Th. 323, 4; Víd. 73. Hæft mid hringa gesponne bound with the linked chain, Cd. 35; Th. 47, 17; Gen. 762: 19; Th. 24, 14; Gen. 377.

mótan

(v.)
Grammar
mótan, ic, hé mót, ðú móst; wé móton; p. móste (

to be allowedmaymoteto be inferred otherwiseto be obligedmust

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Hé begeat leáfe ðæt hé of ðam lande móste. Homl. Skt. 3, 328. Ðæt Metellus tó Róme móste, Ors. 5, 9; Swt. 232, 25. Ðæt hé móste mid ðæm sunu wið Somnitum, 3, 10; Swt. 140, 17. to be obliged, must Man mót on eornost mótian wið his drihten, Ælfc. T.

nán

(n.; adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
nán, [ = ne án]; pron.

not onenonenononeno mannothing

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Seó leáse wyrd ne mæg ðam men dón nǽnne dem, forðam heó nis nánes lofes wyrðe, Bt. 20; Fox 70, 22-24. Ne cyning næ bisceop ne nánes hádes man nullus rex aut episcopus, vel aliquis alius potens, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 218, 28.

ge-frignan

(v.)
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L. 7, 17. (4 b) to ask of a person :-- Gefrægn ðá tíd from ðǽm, Jn. 4, 53. to learn by inquiry, (i) with acc. Ic þæt wundor gefrægn, Rä. 48, 2. Hié wuldor gesáwon, swá hæleð gefrúnon, Exod. 388.

hirde

a keeperguardianprotectordirectorguidepastor the keepera keepera guardwatchman

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Se cyning and se biscop sceoldan beon Crístenra folca hyrdas, and hí from eallum unrithwísum áhweorfan, 45, 26. in phrases denoting a king, ruler, head of a house, leader etc. Ríces hyrde, werodes wísa (Moses), Exod. 256.

leornian

(v.)
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<b>I a</b>. to learn a book, read with the intention of gaining knowledge :-- Hú ne sǽde ic þé ǽr þæt þu hyt scealt sécan on þǽre béc þe wit þá ymbsprǽcon ? Leorna þá bóc, þonne findst þú hyt þǽr, Solil. H. 65, 8.

ge-swícan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-swícan, ic -swíce, ðú -swícest, -swícst, he -swíceþ. -swícþ, pl. -swícaþ; p. -swác, pl. -swicon; pp. -swicen

To leave offdesiststopceaserest fromturn fromwithdrawrelinquishfaildeceivebetrayintermitteredesisterecessarequiescererequiesceredesererediscedererelinqueredeficerefallereproderewith the genitive with the dative

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To leave off, desist, stop, cease, rest from, turn from, withdraw, relinquish, fail, deceive, betray; intermittere, desistere, cessare, quiescere, requiescere, deserere, discedere, relinquere, deficere, fallere, prodere. v. n He nolde geswícan he would

LIFIAN

(v.)
Grammar
LIFIAN, leofian; p. ode

To LIVE

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Sume forlǽtaþ ða hig ǽr hæfdon and be lifiendre cwenan eft óðre nimaþ some leave the wives they had before, and while the wife is still living, take another, Wulfst. 269, 23. Sum ðéh hé forlǽte ða hé ǽr hæfde, hé be lifiendre ðære eft óðere nimþ, L.

Linked entries: leofian LIBBAN

ge-þanc

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Leáse on geþoncum, Cri. 1120. Drihten firenfullra fǽcne geðancas tóweorpeð, Ps. Th. 128, 3. thought, faculty or act of thinking, mind Wác bið þ æt geðanc on crístenum men, gyf hé ne cann understandan þurh rihtne geleáfan þæne þe hine gesceóp.

niman

(v.)
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Uton dón swá ús þearf is. . . þonne nime wé þæs leán, Ll. Th. i. 412, 3. Þis bebod ic nam (accepi) æt mínum fæder, Jn. 10, 18. Nime se ágenfrígea his fel and flǽsc, and þolie þæs óðres, Ll.

for-gifan

to givebestowgrantdispenseto giveto giveto giveto give uphand overdeliver upcommitpracticeto give backrestoreto marryto grantpermitallowto grantto givecauseto forgive

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H. 171, 29. to grant. to grant leave to do, permit, allow. without object expressed Forgeaf permitteret, i. licentiam daret, An. Ox. 2573.

wyrd

(n.)
Grammar
wyrd, e; f.

What happensfatefortunechancefatethe otherwise than humanly appointed order of thingsone of the Fatesfatefortunean eventan eventoccurrencecircumstanceincidentfactwhat happens to a personfatefortunelotconditionfatedeathchanceaccident

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Ne wén ðú nó ðæt ic tó ánwillíce winne wiþ ða wyrd (fortunam) ... hit oft gebyraþ ðæt seó leáse wyrd náuþer ne mæg ðam men dón ne fultum, ne nǽnne ðem, 20; Fox 70, 22. Wyrde wiðstondan, Exón.

Linked entry: weord

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor rex, imperator a spiritual King, God, Christ Deus, Christusthe devildiabŏlus, satănas Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words the king took a corresponding oath to his peoplethe Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors of all forfeits the king had one halfall hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Pastus or ConviviumThe king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges Vigilia head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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He was not the lord of the soil, but the leader of his people. He completed the order of freemen, and was the summit of his class. As the freeman [ceorl] was to the noble [æðele], so was the noble to the king.

un-þanc

(n.)
Grammar
un-þanc, es; m.

disfavourdispleasureangerill-willan unpleasing acta displeasurean offenceannoyancenot thanksdispleasure expressed in wordsunwillinglywithout consenton compulsioningratiswithout (a person's) consentnot of (one's own) accordagainst (one's) will

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Grammar un-þanc, with noun or pronoun, without (a person's) consent, not of (one's own) accord, against (one's) will : -- Ðá gerád Æþelwold ðone hám æt Winburnan ðæs cynges unþances (bútan ðæs cyninges leáfe, MS. A.), Chr. 901; Erl. 97, 12.

Linked entry: un-þances

brýten-walda

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
brýten-walda, brýten-wealda, bréten-ánwealda, an; m: brýten-weald, es; m.

A powerful ruler or kingpræpotens rexa rulerthe British aboriginesto bruise, break, to break into small portions, to dispersea ruler, king, an extensive or powerful king, a king whose power is widely extended.a powerful kingthe wide expanse of eartha spacious realmthe spacious worlda spacious dwellinga war-king

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Sax. bk. iii. ch. 5, vol. i. pp. 318 and 378] was a war-king, elected by the other Anglo-Saxon kings and their nobility, as their leader in the time of war. Lappenberg [Th. Lapbg. i. 125-129] takes the same view; while Kemble [Sax.

cuman

(v.)
Grammar
cuman, p. cóm, coom.
Entry preview:

Hira demm ðe him of ðǽm gestreónum cymð oððe coom (cóm, v. l. ), 345, 2. to leave Wilnian æt þám cásere ꝥ hé of þám campdóme cuman móste, Hml. S. 31, 100. to escape from Of þám cnihtum þe cómon of þám hungre, Ælfc. T.

gilp

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Þaelig;t hé ne ágǽle gǽstes þearfe ne on gylp geóte, Cri. 818. where pride finds expression in words, boasting Hwǽr beóþ þá ungemetlican hleahtras and se leása gylp and ealle þá ídlan word, Bl. H. 53, 18.

reccan

(v.)
Grammar
reccan, p. reahte, rehte.
Entry preview:

Hér begann se deófol tó reccanne hálige gewritu and hé leáh mid ðære race here the devil began to expound holy writ, and he was false in his exposition, Homl. Th. i. 170, 4.

strang

(adj.)
Grammar
strang, adj.
Entry preview:

Ða leáf syndon stranges swæcces, Lchdm. i. 310, 7. Gif ðú ðás wyrte sylst þicgean on strangon wine, 172, 12. Strangre stemne, Cd. Th. 33, 24; Gen. 525. Ða recceras ætiéwaþ strangne andan fortem zelum rectores exhibent, Past. 21, 6; Swt. 164, 11.