Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

Agustin

(n.)
Grammar
Agustin, es; m: Agustīnus, Augustīnus, i; m:

St. Augustine ⬩ Augustinus

Entry preview:

þeóde fram deófulgylda bigonge he to Cristes geleáfan gelǽ dde, and on sibbe gefyldum dagum his þénunge forþféred wæs ða ðý dæge septima Kl Junias on ðæs ylcan cyninges ríce' defunctus est autem Deo dilectus pater Augustīnus, et positum corpus ejus foras

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
Entry preview:

Add Þú gesége crevisti, geseah crevit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 20, 54, 55. to have the faculty of vision, to exercise that faculty. literal Ne gesyhþ sé nǽfre he will remain blind for ever. Bl. H. 153, 22. Hé sóna geseh he at once recovered his sight, 15, 27.

ÁN

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)

ONE ⬩ unus ⬩ una ⬩ unum ⬩ alone ⬩ only ⬩ sole ⬩ another ⬩ solus ⬩ alius ⬩ sole ⬩ alone of its kind ⬩ singular ⬩ unique ⬩ without an equal ⬩ unicus ⬩ eximius ⬩ a certain one ⬩ some one ⬩ quidam ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ each ⬩ every one ⬩ all ⬩ unus-quisque ⬩ una-quæque ⬩ unum-quodque ⬩ One ⬩ other

Entry preview:

Ðæt wæs án foran eald-gestreóna that was before a singular old treasure, Beo. Th. 2920; B. 1458.

Linked entries: ǽn ain án ána án-for-lǽtan ánga án-ne ánra ánra-gehwá feáwa for án

wrítan

(v.)
Grammar
wrítan, p. wrát, pl. writon; pp. writen

To write. ⬩ to cut ⬩ to draw ⬩ to form letters ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ to compose, ⬩ be the author of ⬩ to write ⬩ to write ⬩ write ⬩ to write ⬩ state ⬩ to write ⬩ get a thing written ⬩ to convey by charter

Entry preview:

Wrít ðam horse on ðam heáfde foran Cristes mǽl, and on leoþa gehwylcum ðe ðú ætfeolan mæge. Lchdm. ii. 290, 23. Wrít him Cristes mǽl on ǽlcum lime, 346, 6.

Linked entries: wrítere wrítian

Q

Grammar
Q, This letter occurs but seldom in Anglo-Saxon; in those native words where qu is now found, e. g. quick, quoth, cw or cu was written, cwic, cuic, cwæþ, cuæþ. In the glossary (belonging to the eighth century) given in Wrt. Voc. ii. 98 sqq. are six instances of words beginning with qu, and four others occur in the same volume; in the Blickling Gloss the form quémde glosses complacebam, and the foreign word
Entry preview:

reliquias retained its original form

hwanne

Entry preview:

Him se reogolweord gebeóde foran tó hwonne sió tíd sié, Cht. E. 81, 13: Ll.

rúm

(adj.)
Grammar
rúm, adj.

roomy, spacious, ample, extensive ⬩ roomy, open, unencumbered. ⬩ long, extended ⬩ ample, great, liberal ⬩ unrestricted, clear, free from conditions ⬩ lax ⬩ ample, far-reaching ⬩ liberal. ⬩ great, noble, august

Entry preview:

Hié úte wilniaþ ðara rúmena wega ðisse worulde causarum secularium foras lata itinera expetunt, Past. 18, 4; Swt. 135, 6. Sóhton rúmre land, Cd. Th. 99, 25; Gen. 1651.

ge-girwan

Entry preview:

Icel. göra to send, dispatch) Lǽd ðíne willas gind ðín lond, and gegier (-gierwe, v. l.) ðæt hié iernen bi herestrǽtum deriventur fontes tui foras, Past. 373, 5.

Linked entries: girwan ge-gerwan ge-girwung ge-gyrian

hǽþen

Entry preview:

Eác wearð on Ispanie ꝥ þá hǽðenan men ( the Moors ) fóran and hergodan uppon þám Xpenan mannan . . . hí áweg ádrifan eall þet hǽðena folc, Chr. 1086; P. 221, 33-222, 3. Þén hié ( the Goths ) hǽþene wǽre, Ors. 2, 8; S. 94, 9.

hweorfan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hwurfon hæleð geonge tó þám hǽðenan foran, Dan. 434. Hé wæs miclum geswenced ǽr hé þanon hwurfe, Chr. 982 ; P. 124, 29. Þú scealt hweorfan of earde þínum, Gen. 1018 : Wal. 81. Hweorfan tó þis enge lond, Cri. 31.

DRÍFAN

(v.)
Grammar
DRÍFAN, drýfan,ic drífe , ðú drífest , drífst , he drífeþ , drífþ , dríft , pl. drífaþ; p. ic, he dráf, ðú drife, pl. drifon, dreofon; pp. drifen .

DRIVE, force, pursue ⬩ pellĕre, mināre, impellĕre, persĕqui ⬩ To drive, rush with violence ⬩ ruĕre

Entry preview:

Híg hyne drifon út ejēcērunt eum foras, Jn. Bos. 9, 35. Ðá híg eów drifon cum vos persequerentur, Deut. 11, 4. Hí dreofon hine onweg they drove him away, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 27.

Linked entries: a-drífan drǽfan drýfan drif

swát

(n.)
Grammar
swát, es; n. [The passages in which the gender is marked are doubtful. Ðæt swót. Lchdm. iii. 98, 17, occurs in a late MS.; ísen swát, ii. 296, 18, may be a compound; ða swát, iii. 72, 28, may be a mistake for spátl, v. ii. 56, 15. Dutch has a neuter, German and Scandinavian have masculines.]
Entry preview:

sweat, perspiration Seofoðe (the seventh of the constituents from which Adam was made) wæs deáwes pund, ðanon him (Adam ) becom swát, Salm. Kmbl. 180. 15. Suát, Rtl. 192, 17. His swát ( sudor ) wæs swylce blódes dropan, Lk. Skt. 22, 44. Of ealdum cláðum

Linked entry: swǽtan

dæg

(n.)
Entry preview:

cuómon ǽrest .iii. scipu, Chr. 787; P. 54, 4. time during which something exists Hé geseah þá ceastre and cwæð: 'Eálá, gif þú wistest on þysum þínum dæge,' Lk. 19, 42. v. ár, bæd-, bebod-, bén-, ceáp-, cípe-, clǽn*-*sung-, eáster-, eáster-freóls-, foran

ge-frignan

(v.)
Entry preview:

. - frognen. to ask, question. absolute Ic fora iúih gefregno ego coram uobis interrogatns, Lk. L. 23, 14. Ðá uuðuuto gefrugnon (conquirentes) mið him, Mk. -L. R. 9, 14.

on-geagn

(prep.)
Grammar
on-geagn, -gegen, -gægn, -gegn, -geán, -gán, -geǽn, -gén.

opposite, over against, against ⬩ towards, in the direction of, to meet, in the way of ⬩ against ⬩ against, for the reception of, to receive ⬩ in reply to ⬩ in return for, as an equivalent for ⬩ opposite, over against ⬩ against, in a direction opposite to ⬩ against, with, contrary to, in opposition to ⬩ in reply to ⬩ as an equivalent for, in return for, in exchange for ⬩ against, ready for ⬩ towards ⬩ opposite ⬩ again, back ⬩ Lat re- ⬩ in reply ⬩ towards ⬩ on the other hand ⬩ again

Entry preview:

Skt. 15, 39. marking motion Ðá com mycel windes blǽd foran ongeán ( in the opposite direction ), Blickl. Homl. 199, 21.

Linked entries: a-gén a-gén on-gegen

endleofan

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
endleofan, endlufon, endlyfun, inflected cases of endleof, endluf, endlyf [end = an one; unus; leof=lif, from lífan to leave; relinquĕre, Grm. ii. 947, or end = án one; lif ten; dĕcem; existing in Teutonic languages only in the words for 11 and 12; A. Sax. end-lif and twé-lf = twá-lf= twá-lif, Grm. Gsch. &sect;246] ELEVEN ; undĕcim = ἕνδεκα
Entry preview:

Ósréd ðæt rice hæfde endleofan wintra Osred held the kingdom for eleven years, Bd. 5, 18; S. 635, 20. Mid híra endlufon sunum cum undecim filiis, Gen. 32, 22. Endleofan steorran eleven stars, Gen. 37, 9: Chr. 71; Th. 13, 3, col. 3

Linked entries: ændlefen ellefne

mann-swica

Grammar
mann-swica, mán-swica ?. [In favour of mán- it may be noted that mann- does not occur as the first part of this compound, but does occur with -slaga; in Wlfst. 55, 6 the a has the accent in two MSS. (though in one of these mán- is written in mánslagan, Wlfst. 26, 14), and at 114, 13 manswican is a v. l. for mánsworan.]
Entry preview:

In l. 2 read mannslagan, and add: a deceiver, cheat Án unlagu æt ðám ætfengan þe swicigende manswican lufedan be-westan, Ll. Lbmn, 244, 28. Swá geráde manswican (man-, v. ll. ) þe on ðá wísan swǽslíce swiciað on unriht, þæt syndan forbodan Antecrístes

ge-bídan

Entry preview:

Hí gebidan myccle earfoðnysse þá hí hámward fóran, Chr. 1061; P. 189, 36. Yrmða gebídan, Wlfst. 26, 12. Ellen gefremman oððe endedæg gebídan to do or die, B. 638. Bið geómorlic gomelum ceorle tó gebídanne, þæt his byre ríde giong on galgan, 2445.

heáfod

(n.)
Grammar
heáfod, gen. heáfdes; dat. heáfde; pl. heáfdu [v. Ælfc. Gr. 15; Som. 18, 21-25]

HEAD, chief, source, &#39;the commencing point, or the highest point, of a stream, of a field, hill, etc.

Entry preview:

On ðam heáfde foran on the forehead, 2, 64; Lchdm. ii. 288, 22: 65; Lchdm. ii. 290, 23. His heáfod forweard mid ðære hálgan róde tácne gewǽpnige let him arm his head in front with the sign of the holy rood, L. E. I. 29; Th. ii. 426, 8.

Linked entries: heófad up-heáfod hæfd hafud heáfd

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.