Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

tíd

(n.)
Grammar
tíd, e; f.
Entry preview:

Hé wæs him feor manegum tídum ( for a long time, A. V.), Lk. Skt. 20, 9. Ǽr eallum tídum ácenned, Blickl. Homl. 31, 24. Ða ðe on mé gelýfaþ eallum tídum on écnesse, 231, 4. Ðæt wæs geworden on Wulfheres tídum, Bd. 3, 21; S. 551, 42.

Linked entry: týd

þurfan

(v.)
Grammar
þurfan, prs. ic, he þearf, ðú þearft, pl. wé þurfon; p. þorfte; subj. prs. is þurfe, þyrfe, pl. þurfen, þyrfen; prs. ptcpl. þurfende, þyrfende

To needto be in needhave need of somethingto need to do somethingto be bound to do something because it is rightto be obligedbe compelled by destinyto have good cause or reason for doing somethingto be use, to be good for a person to do somethingto owe

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the inevitability of a consequence is expressed; in some cases the word might be taken almost as an auxiliary, of much the same force as shall; to be obliged, be compelled by destiny Gé ne þurfon hér leng wunian you shall not be obliged to stop here longer

licgan

Entry preview:

Suelce hié ǽr lǽgen on longre medtrymnesse, Past. 229, 2. Hé on ræste geseah Grendel licgan aldorleásne, B. 1586. Hé smyrode án licgende mǽden on langsumum sáre, Hml.

sprǽc

(n.)
Grammar
sprǽc, spǽc, spréc, e; f.

Speech.speech, talking speech, the faculty of speaking skilful speech, speaking with art, eloquencewhat is said, a speech, saying, collection of words speech, language, talk, discourse, wordsa speech, languagespeech, e.g. to have speech of or with a person, conversation, consultation, conference, discussiona question, case that requires explanationa sentence, decision, agreement, termsa case, cause, suit, claimtalk about a person or thing, report, fame words denoting places where there is speakinglingua, loquelacolloquium, eloquium, ratio, judicium, consilium, senatus

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Ða hi hæfdon lange sprǽce and geflit longa disputatione habita, 2, 2; S. 502, 13. Gif hwylc mæssepreóst untruman men sprǽce forwyrne, (colloquium denegaverit) L. Ecg.

þencan

(v.)
Grammar
þencan, p. þóhte (þohte?)
Entry preview:

. :-- Hí ðǽr swá longe ðóhton tó beónne, Ors. 1, 14; Swt. 56, 22. Se ðe ða áre þænce tó þeófigenne oððe on óððre wís on tó áwendenne qui quid illinc abstulerit sive in alium usum converterit, Chart. Th. 177, 13.

weg

(n.)
Grammar
weg, (wig,
  • Kent. Gl. 207
  • :
  • 475
  • :
  • 772
; pl. , weogas,
  • 21
), es; m.

a road (lit. or fig.) made for passengers, a path commonly usedspace to be traversed, a journeymanner, mode, method, plan way, way,

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Gif mon fram longum wege geteorod sié, Lchdm. ii. 150, 19: 16, 16. Árís and et, ðú hæfst swþbe langne weg, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 168.

ende

(v.; adj.; part.)

a regionquartersidequarterpartproportiondeathendfinishedissueeventgoalultimatelyalwaysultimatelycontinuouslyconsecutivelykindsort

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Th. i. 310, 23 : 322, 32 : Wlfst. 268, 6. the extremity of a line or long object Ðá stánas licggeað æt ǽlcre strǽte ende, Past. 133, 9. Hwílum ic on wicge ríde herges on ende, Rä. 78, 8. Ende calcem, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 34.

Linked entry: ende-dæg

Brunan burh

(n.)
Grammar
Brunan burh, gen. Brunan burge; dat. Brunan byrig; f.

Brunanburh, about five miles south-west of Durham, or on the plain between the river Tyne and the Browney,

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937, Æðelstán cing, Athelstan king, eorla drihten, of earls the lord, beorna beág-gifa, of barons the bracelet-[beigh-] giver, and his bróðor eác, and his brother also [eke], Eádmund æðeling, Edmund the prince [etheling], ealdor langne tír elders a long

on-geagn

(prep.)
Grammar
on-geagn, -gegen, -gægn, -gegn, -geán, -gán, -geǽn, -gén.

opposite, over against, againsttowards, in the direction of, to meet, in the way ofagainstagainst, for the reception of, to receivein reply toin return for, as an equivalent for opposite, over againstagainst, in a direction opposite toagainst, with, contrary to, in opposition toin reply toas an equivalent for, in return for, in exchange foragainst, ready fortowardsoppositeagain, backLat re-in replytowardson the other handagain

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Ealle ða yldestan menn on West-Seaxon lágon ongeán swá hí lengost mihton ac hí ne mihton nán þing ongeán wealcan all the chief men of Wessex resisted as long as ever they could, but they could not offer any effectual opposition, 1036; Erl. 165, 1-3.

Linked entries: a-gén a-gén on-gegen

weorc

(n.; adv.)
Grammar
weorc, es; n.

Work opus.workoperative actionoperationworkingdoingperformanceworkdoingsactionswhat a person does what happens worklabouroccupationemploymentany form of long-sustained or habitual activitya particular act of labourworkmanshipa workdeedany actionof action that gives affect to anythinga work, what is wroughta strong building, fortresswork, what is done, effect producedpain, travail, grief,the instrumental or dative is used in the phrase weorce wesan with the dative of the person — to be painful to a person

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Th. 57, 10. what happens Ðæs dæges weorc byð egesfull eallum gesceaftum Wulfst. 182, 7. work, labour, occupation, employment, any form of long-sustained or habitual activity Weorc opus,cræftca opifex, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 37.

Linked entries: weorce weorc-sum werc

wracu

(n.)
Grammar
wracu, e; f.

painsufferingmiserysufferingpunishmentvengeanceretributionpersecutionhostilityactive enmityvengeancerevenge

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Hé hæfde him to gesíþþe sorge and longað, wintercealde wræce, weán oft onfond, Exon. Th. 377, 15; Deór. 4. Wræce bisgodon fǽge þeóda miseries troubled the doomed peoples, Cd.

ofer

(prep.)
Grammar
ofer, ofor; prep. adv.

with dat. generally with the idea of rest;above, overdenoting contact with anything, upon, ondenoting extension over, throughout, in, ondenoting a higher degree, beyond, more thandenoting the cause of an emotion, overdenoting the object over which power is exercisedwith the idea of movement, where the accusative might be expectedmarking time, after, beyond denoting motion in a definite direction across, to the other side of an objectdenoting motion which is diffused over a surfacedenoting extension through a space, throughout, amongdenoting motion from below, over, abovedenoting motion from above, upon, on denoting the object upon which an action or feeling takes effectdenoting the object over which power is exercisedabove, more thansupra, superbeyond, besidesultradenoting the passing over moral bounds, in violation of, in opposition to, contrary to, againstwith words implying rest(cf. to talk over)denoting the cause of an emotion (cf. I. 5)withoutwith words expressing time,afterthrough, during

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Longe ofer ðis, Exon. T. 172, 15; Gú. 1144. Ofer ða niht, Beo. Th. 1476; B. 736. expressing duration, through, during Ofer ealle ða niht ðe wé férdon during the whole night that we marched, Nar. 12, 2.

Linked entries: ofer-bord ofer-sceótan

LǼTAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼTAN, p. lét, leórt; pp. lǽten. The ellipsis of a verb in the infinitive, the meaning of which may be inferred from the context, not unfrequently takes place after lǽtan; and the connection of many of the meanings which follow with the simple one seems explainable in this way.

to LETallowpermitsufferto letlet gogive updismissleaveforsakeletto letcausemakegethavecause to beplace make as ifmake outprofesspretendestimateconsidersupposethinkto behave towardstreatto let

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Hwilce hwíle hine wille Drihten hér on worlde lǽtan how long the Lord will leave him in this world, Blickl. Homl. 125, 9. Hé sceal lǽtan his unnyttan geþancas of his móde he must dismiss his idle thoughts from his mind, Wulfst. 234, 26.

Linked entries: aweg-lǽtan leórt

secgan

(v.)
Grammar
secgan, secgean, secggan, secggean, sæcgan ; p. sægde, sǽde; pp. sægd, sǽd. [Forms as from an infin. sagian—sagast, sagaþ ; p. sagode; imp. saga, are given here.]
Entry preview:

Long is tó secganne, hú . . . , 421, 23 ; Rä. 40, 22 : Andr. Kmbl. 2961 ; An. 1483.

byrgen

(n.)
Grammar
byrgen, byrgenn, birgen, byrigen, burgen, e; f. [beorg tumulus]
Entry preview:

In England, the ordinary converts appear to have been drawn reluctantly from the burial places of their forefathers by the establishment of Christian cemeteries attached to the churches, and even there they seem long to have continued many of their old

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor rex, imperator a spiritual King, God, Christ Deus, Christusthe devildiabŏlus, satănas Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words the king took a corresponding oath to his peoplethe Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors of all forfeits the king had one halfall hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Pastus or ConviviumThe king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges Vigilia head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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D. 924, it was not long before the power of the king was limited, for we have the following oath administered to Æðelréd, when he was consecrated king at Kingston in A.

ymb

(prep.)
Grammar
ymb, ymbe, umbe, embe, emban; prep.
Entry preview:

Ymb long, L. In. 21; Th. i. 116, 7: Bt. 39, 2; Fox 214, 8. Ymb tela micel fæc, Chr. 942; Erl. 116, 21. Ymbe án lytel, Jn. Skt. 16, 16. Ymb lytel fæc, Elen. Kmbl. 543; El. 272. Ymbe geára rina, Chr. Pref.; Erl. 3, 17. Ymb wintra hwearft, Exon.

hláford

a rulersovereigngovernorcaptaina mastera major-domoan ownera proprietora husbandthe husbanda rulerlord

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... yfele þegnas beóþ heora hláforde fiénd an te longus ordo famulorum facit esse felicem? qui si vitiosi moribus sint ... ipsi domino inimici, Bt. 14, 1; F. 42, 23. Swé swé égan ðiówa in hondum hláfarda heara, Ps. Srt. 122, 2.

niman

(v.)
Entry preview:

R. 13, 33. to occupy, tale up the time or attention of, hold in suspense Huu long sáuel úsra ðú nimes (gǽlst þú úre líf, W. S. )? Gif ðú arð Críst, cuæð ús éuunge, Jn. L.

þanne

(adv.)
Grammar
þanne, þænne, þonne; adv. conj.
Entry preview:

</b> in questions denoting the cause or reason for that not being done about which the question asks :-- Hú lange wilt ðú bewépan Saules síð, þonne ic hine áwearp, ðæt hé leng ne ríxige how long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him

Linked entries: þænne þonne