Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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The prefixed a- does not always appear to alter the signification : in this case it is generally omitted in modern English words derived immediately from Saxon,—thus, Aberan to bear; abrecan to break; abítan to bite.

ge-hwilc

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Th. i. 494, 2. any. as noun Gifhrýðera gehwylc (hwelc, v. l. ) sié þe hegas brece, Ll. Th. i. 128, 12.

wyrd

(n.)
Grammar
wyrd, e; f.

What happensfatefortunechancefatethe otherwise than humanly appointed order of thingsone of the Fatesfatefortunean eventan eventoccurrencecircumstanceincidentfactwhat happens to a personfatefortunelotconditionfatedeathchanceaccident

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Tó eallum ðám gesǽlðum ðe seó wyrd brengð, Bt. 16, 3 ; Fox 54, 25 : 14, 1 ; Fox 40, 31.

Linked entry: weord

habban

(v.)
Grammar
habban, habbanne, hæbbene; pres. part. hæbbende; pres. indic. ic hæbbe, hafa, ðú hæfst, hafast, he hæfþ, hafaþ, pl. habbaþ, hæbbaþ; p. hæfde; subj. hæbbe, pl. hæbben, habban; imper. hafa, pl. habbaþ; pp. hæfed.

To HAVE, possess, hold, keep

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Gif cniht wǽpn brede gilde se hláford án pund and hæbbe se hláford æt ðæt hé mǽge if a follower draw a weapon, let the lord pay one pound, and let the lord get from him what he can, Th. Chart. 612, 25.

Linked entries: heofon-hæbbende hafa

(pronoun.)
Grammar
hé, m: heó; f: hit; n.

He, she, it

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Etaþ ðísne hláf hit is mín líchama eat this bread, it is my body, Homl. Th. ii. 266, 33. Ic hyt eom ego sum, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 27: 28. Hit ys áwriten, Ne leofaþ se man be hláfe ánum scribtum est: Non in pane solo vivit homo, 4, 4.

Linked entries: heó hie hig hió

ge-healdan

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Ealles folces ǽw and dómas þus sién gehealdene, 102, 16. to hold back, restrain from action Gif hrýðera hwelc sié þe hegas brece and gá in gehwǽr, and sé hit nolde gehealdan, sé þe hit áge, Ll. Th. i. 128, 13.

hláford

a rulersovereigngovernorcaptaina mastera major-domoan ownera proprietora husbandthe husbanda rulerlord

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Sé ðe ðone ándagan brece, búton hit sý þurh hláfordes geban, 260, 13. Gif hwá fare unáliéfed fram his hláforde, 126, 9: 150, 15. Þá þe hine ǽr hláforde befæston, 162, 17. On cinges sele hé his hláforde þénode, 192, 1.

wénan

(v.)
Grammar
wénan, p. de.

to weensupposethinkimagineopinebelieveto hopeexpectlook for

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Ðæs ilcan is tó wénanne tó eallum ðám gesǽlðum ðe seó wyrd brengð de cunctis fortunae muneribus illud etiam considerandum puto Bt. 16, 3; Fox 54, 24. with gen. pron. and appositional clause : Wé ðæs wénaþ, ðæt ús God mæge bringan tó beód gegearwad numquid

Linked entries: for-wénan wǽnan

þæt

(con.)
Grammar
þæt, conj.
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. : forþon þæt, Rush.) gé hláfas nabbaþ why reason ye among yourselves, because ye have brought no bread? Mt. Kmbl. 16, 8. Byþ ðé meorð, þæt ðú ús on láde líðe weorðe, Andr.

healdan

(v.)

to keep watch overkeep in chargeto keepto watch overkeepgovernrulea king to keepguardto watchto defendpreserveto holdtakearrestto have hold ofto holdto holdto hold upto maintainsupportupholdmanageto holdbearconductto behaveto handletreatdeal withto holdto holdto have possessionto holdoccupyan officea positionto holdto remain into retaindetainto keepto detainto keepto keepto keep oneselfremainto holdkeep togethercontinueto maintainkeepto performkeep watchto keepto keep unbrokeninviolateto keepto constraincompelrestrainstopto restrain oneselfrefrainto entertainto keep in mindrememberregardto hold asto holdto proceedmove onto continuego on withto go on

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Gif hié hié nyllað healdan wið ðǽm æfste, Past. 233, 17. to hold in the mind. to entertain, have a feeling Hió hióld heáhlufan wið hæleða brego, B. 1954. Hí gefeán healdað, Ph. 391.

willan

(v.)
Grammar
willan, prs. ic, hé wille, wile, ðú wilt, pl. wé willaþ ; p. wolde, walde ; part. prs. willende

To will, wishto will, exercise the faculty of willingto will, purpose, think, mean, intendto tendto will, ordain, order, commandto will, wish, want, desireto will, be willing to do somethingto allow, permit, grant, consent toto be disposed, to have such and such a willto will, profess, claimwill, shall, to be about to

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Hit wolde dagian the day was about to break Homl. Skt. i. 21, 123. Hit ǽfnian wolde, 23, 245. His áðumum ðe woldon wífian on his dohtron generos suos, qui accepturi erant filias ejus Gen. 19, 14. Wát ic ðæt ðú wile gilpan, Salm. Kmbl. 409; Sal. 205.

Linked entries: fǽcan walde

niman

(v.)
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Gif hrýðera hwelc sié þe hegas brece . . . nime sé hit þe on his æcere méte and ofsleá, Ll. Th. i. 128, 14. Ꝥ wé hine ofsleán and niman eall ꝥ hé áge, 228, 15 : 208, 30: 264, 1. Ꝥ hig niman þá tihtbysian men, 294, 6.

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

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Fæsten tó berenan hláfe a fast when nothing better than barley bread should be eaten. Wulfst. 173, 10. Tó ánum mǽle fæstende fasting to the point of taking but one meal in the day. Homl. Skt. i. 20, 43.

Linked entry: -anne

habban

Grammar
habban, A.
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Gif cniht wǽpn bréde, gilde se hláford án pund, and hæbbe se hláford æt ꝥ hé mæge, and him eal gildscipe gefylste ꝥ hé his feoh of hæbbe, Cht. Th. 612, 23-28. Gé woldon habban méde æt fræmdra monna cwiddunge, Bt. 18, 4; F. 66, 24.

(pronoun.)
Grammar
hé, [In p. 513, col. 1. l. 60 Enachis (Num. 13, 29) should be read for Enac his: cf. the accusative Enachim in Jos. 11. 21. For -is as gen. in foreign names cf. Num. 13, 11, 12.]
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Hé ðæs áliéfdan nánwuht nolde forlǽtan, ac his swíðe ungemetlíce breác, 339, 5. Wé cwǽdon be hláfordsearwe, ꝥ hé beó his feóres scyldig, gif hé his ætsacan ne mihte, Ll. Th. i. 202, 3.