Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

scrífan

(v.; prep.)
Grammar
scrífan, p. scráf, pl. scrifon; pp. scrifen
Entry preview:

Se hláford ne scrífþ, se ðam here waldeþ, freónde ne feónde, feore ne ǽhtum (cf. se ðe hiora welt ne murnþ náuðer ne friénd ne fiénd, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 7), Met. 25, 15. with a clause Hí (the people of Sodom ) forléton eallinga ðone brídele ðæs eges

Linked entry: be-scrifen

DÉMA

(n.)
Grammar
DÉMA, an; m. [déman to deem, judge, think] .

a deemer, thinker, judge, an umpire censor, consul, jūdex, arbĭter the judge, who gave a wrong judgment, was subject to a fine of one hundred and twenty shillings; and if a man could not obtain justice, the judge to whom he applied was fined thirty shillings. As the judge represented the king, he was at the king's disposal

Entry preview:

Him egsa becom for déman dread came over them before their judge, Cd. 221; Th. 288, 13; Sat, 380: 175; Th. 220, 15; Dan. 71. Ic ðone déman in dagum mínum wille weorþian I will worship the judge in my days, Exon. 41 b; Th. 139, 8; Gú. 590.

Linked entries: dǽma doema

innan

Entry preview:

Gíf men innan wyrmas eglen, Lch. l. 82, 22. (2 a) where the non-physical part of man is in question, mind, heart, soul :-- Heora heortan beóð innan gemanode, Bl. H. 129, 8. Hreðer innan weóll, Cri. 539. Ússe hreðer-cofan innan uncyste, 1330.

of

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
of, prep. with dat., or adv.

Offromout ofoffas regardsabout

Entry preview:

Him stent ege of ðé timebunt te, Deut. 28, 10. Wendan on Englisc, hwílum word be worde, hwílum andgit of andgite, Past. Swt. 7, 20. Hwæðer ǽnig man wǽre ðe ǽnige mǽrþa of ðam Hǽlende hælde, St. And. 36, 31.

Linked entry: ob

for

beforein front ofbeforesinceagoforfromthroughon account offorfromthroughinstead of in place ofin exchange forin return forin expiation ofin redemption foron behalf ofin support ofin respect toin relation toas regardsagainstfromin spite ofnotwithstandingin accordance withaccording toas representative offorto takein compensation foras punishment forfor the sake ofon behalf of for the benefit ofAs representative of

Entry preview:

Ánra gehwylc hæfde sweord ofer his hype for nihtlicum ege, Bl. H. ii. 19.

hebban

(v.)
Grammar
hebban, occurs with dat.

to liftto liftto raiseliftmake a soundto exaltelevateto extolexaltto set upinstituteto raisebring upto directbearTo risemount

Entry preview:

Mið hebbendum upp égum eleuatis sursum oculis, Jn. L. 11, 41. in figurative expressions where feeling is symbolized by such action: Hí heora heáfod wið þé hófan swíðe, Ps. Th. 82, 2. Cf. horn hebban, Ps. Th. 148, 14: Past. 425, 22.

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
Entry preview:

Ácer égan mín ðæt hié ne gesén ídelnisse, Ps. Srt. 118, 37. Hé biþ þám yflum egeslic tó geseónne he will be awful f or the evil to look at, Crl. 920. mental Dryhten gesyhð þá eádmédu Dominus humilia respicit, Ps. Th. 112, 5.

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
Entry preview:

T; Th.] ðé ego hodie genui te, Ps. Spl. 2, 7. A-beran = beran to bear :-- Hefige byrðyna man aberan ne mæg a man is not able to bear heavy burdens, Mt. Bos. 23, 4. Ne here ge sacc nolite portare sacculum, Lk. Bos. 10, 4.

ende

(v.; adj.; part.)

a regionquartersidequarterpartproportiondeathendfinishedissueeventgoalultimatelyalwaysultimatelycontinuouslyconsecutivelykindsort

Entry preview:

Ego sum α et α, principium et finis, dicit Dominus Deus, Rev. 1, 8), An. 556. Ic þé secgan wille ór and ende, 649. Ongeat cyning ord and ende þæs þe him ýwed wæs, Dan. 162. From orde oþ ende forð, El. 590.

Linked entry: ende-dæg

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

Entry preview:

Cynengas ðe tó Gode lytelne ege hæfdon, Lchdm. iii. 442, 24. Ða de tó ðé egsanáhtan qui timent te, Ps. Th. 118, 79. Nán neát nyste nǽnne andan, ne nǽnne ege tó óþrum. Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 10. Ðæt hé hæbbe clǽne heortan tó mannum, Wulfst. 239, 18.

Linked entry: -anne

dóm

Entry preview:

Þætte ealra heora dóme ( judicio ) gecoren wǽre, hwanone ꝥ cymen wǽre, Bd. 4, 24; Sch. 485, 8. where sentence is passed Mycel egsa gelimpeþ eallum gesceaftum, þonne se dóm neálǽceþ, Bl. H. 91, 19. Ealle sceolan forþ gán tó þám dóme, 95, 18.

þurfan

(v.)
Grammar
þurfan, prs. ic, he þearf, ðú þearft, pl. wé þurfon; p. þorfte; subj. prs. is þurfe, þyrfe, pl. þurfen, þyrfen; prs. ptcpl. þurfende, þyrfende

To needto be in needhave need of somethingto need to do somethingto be bound to do something because it is rightto be obligedbe compelled by destinyto have good cause or reason for doing somethingto be use, to be good for a person to do somethingto owe

Entry preview:

Feallaþ ofor ús, ðæt wé ne þurfon ðysne ege leng þrowian, Blickl. Homl. 93, 34. Þý læs gyt láð Gode weorðan þyrfen lest the inevitable consequence, your becoming hateful to God, follow, Cd. Th. 36, 26; Gen. 577.

sprǽc

(n.)
Grammar
sprǽc, spǽc, spréc, e; f.

Speech.speech, talking speech, the faculty of speaking skilful speech, speaking with art, eloquencewhat is said, a speech, saying, collection of words speech, language, talk, discourse, wordsa speech, languagespeech, e.g. to have speech of or with a person, conversation, consultation, conference, discussiona question, case that requires explanationa sentence, decision, agreement, termsa case, cause, suit, claimtalk about a person or thing, report, fame words denoting places where there is speakinglingua, loquelacolloquium, eloquium, ratio, judicium, consilium, senatus

Entry preview:

Ic áhsige eów ánre sprǽce, gif gé mé ða sprǽce secgeaþ interrogabo vos ego unum sermonem, quem si dixeritis mihi, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 24. God geopenude Abrahame, hwæt hé mid ðære sprǽce mǽnde, Gen. 18, 20. For ðære sprǽce ðe ic tó eów spræc, Jn.

se

(con.; pronoun.)
Grammar
se, sió, Lchdm. ii. 260, l; m.: seó, ðeó, Blickl. Homl. 65, 13; se, Lchdm. ii. 228, 8; f.: ðæt; n.
Entry preview:

Hé for Godes ege déþ ðæt ðæt hé déþ, Past. 22 ; Swt. 169, 4. Herigan ðæt ðæt hé fæsðrǽdes wiste, 32, 2 ; Swt. 213, 7. (2 a) by se . . . se hé :-- Ðæt is se Abraham, se him ( = ðe him to whom ) engla God naman ásceóp, Cd.

fæste

shakenfirmlyfasturgentlystrictlysolemnlysecurelyfastfastspeedily at once

Entry preview:

Swíðe fæste gesoden ǽgra very hard-boiled eggs, Lch. ii. 194, 5. Fæste geþúf luxoriante (prosperitate), Wrt. Voc. ii. 77, 76: 52, 28. Beóð Godes streámas góde wætere fæste gefylde flumen Dei repletum est aqua, Ps. Th. 64, 10.

Linked entry: fæstlíce

habban

(v.)
Grammar
habban, habbanne, hæbbene; pres. part. hæbbende; pres. indic. ic hæbbe, hafa, ðú hæfst, hafast, he hæfþ, hafaþ, pl. habbaþ, hæbbaþ; p. hæfde; subj. hæbbe, pl. hæbben, habban; imper. hafa, pl. habbaþ; pp. hæfed.

To HAVE, possess, hold, keep

Entry preview:

Th. i. 414, 28. with the gerundial infin. to express the future Ðone calic ðe ic tó drincenne hæbbe calicem quem ego bibiturus sum, Mt.

Linked entries: heofon-hæbbende hafa

on-geagn

(prep.)
Grammar
on-geagn, -gegen, -gægn, -gegn, -geán, -gán, -geǽn, -gén.

opposite, over against, againsttowards, in the direction of, to meet, in the way ofagainstagainst, for the reception of, to receivein reply toin return for, as an equivalent for opposite, over againstagainst, in a direction opposite toagainst, with, contrary to, in opposition toin reply toas an equivalent for, in return for, in exchange foragainst, ready fortowardsoppositeagain, backLat re-in replytowardson the other handagain

Entry preview:

Ðonne sceolde fyrd út ongeán ðæt hí up woldon, Chr. 1010; Erl. 144, 4. marking time, towards Fela ongeán winter hám tugon, Chr. 1096; Erl. 233, 22. as an adverb. marking position, opposite Ic stande on ðás healfe and dú ongeán ego in hac parte sto,

Linked entries: a-gén a-gén on-gegen

BRECAN

(v.)
Grammar
BRECAN, ic brece, ðú bricest, bricst, he briceþ, bricþ, pl. brecaþ; p. ic, he bræc, ðú brǽce, pl. brǽcon; pp. brocen.

to BREAK, burst, violate break or burst through; frangere, confringere, rumpere, perfringere, perrurnpereto press, force, urge;urgereto rush intotakeby stormin locum irrumpere, expugnare, erumpere, prorumpere, crepare, fremere to breakburst forthmake a noisecrashto sail;navigareTo retch;screare

Entry preview:

Him egsa becom ðá déma duru in helle bræc dread came over them when the judge burst the doors in hell. Cd. 221; Th. 288, 15; Sat. 381.

dón

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ꝥ ic doom (dóe, R.) quod ego facio, 13, 7. Ðás táceno ðá ðe ðú dóas(dóes, R.), Jn. L. 3, 2. Dóæs (dóes, R.), Mk. L. 11, 28. Dóes facit, Mt. L. 7, 24. Sé ðá unrehtan dóeð qui iniqua gerit, Ps. Srt. 9, 24. Huæt forðor gié dóas (dóaþ, R.)?

ofer

Entry preview:

H. 143, 29. denoting the object on which an action or feeling takes effect Þá þe him Godes egsa hleonað ofer heáfdum, Gú. 44. (10) denoting the cause of an action :-- God manna cynn eallinga ádwǽscan ne wolde ofer (for v. l.) hyra synnum (pro culpa sua