Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

fóran-to

(prep.)
Grammar
fóran-to, prep.

Before ⬩ ante

Entry preview:

Before; ante Fóran-to Eástron before Easter, Chr. 921; Erl. 104, 37. Fóran-to middum sumera before midsummer, 920; Erl. 104, 31: fóran-to uhtes antelūcānum tempus, Nar. 15, 31

Linked entry: fóran

fór-rád

(v.; part.)
Grammar
fór-rád, p. of fór-rídan, q.v.

rode before

Entry preview:

rode before Fórrád sió fierd hie fóran the force rode before them, Chr. 894; Th. 166, 7;

fór-fór

(v.; part.)
Grammar
fór-fór, pl. -fóron

went before ⬩ got in front of

Entry preview:

went before, got in front of Fórfóron went before, Chr. 897; Erl. 95, 21;

ǽr

(prep.)
Grammar
ǽr, prep, d.

Before ⬩ ante

Entry preview:

Before; ante Ǽr his swylt-dæge before his death-day, Cd. 62; Th. 74, 12; Gen. 1221. Ǽr dægréde before dawn, 223; Th. 294, 4; Sat. 466.

Linked entries: ǽr-ðam ǽr-ðam-ðe eár

fóre-stóp

(v.; part.)
Grammar
fóre-stóp, ðú -stópe, pl. -stópon

stepped before ⬩ prevented ⬩ went before ⬩ preceded

Entry preview:

stepped before, prevented, went before, preceded, Ps. Lamb. 20, 4: Lk. Bos. 18, 39: Homl. Th. ii. 82, 22;

morgen-steorra

Entry preview:

Add: — Hé cóm beforan Críste on myddangeard swá se morgensteorra cymð beforan þǽre sunnan, Shrn. 95, 13. Ǽr r

ǽrer

(adv.)
Grammar
ǽrer, adv.

Before

Entry preview:

Before Ǽrer hit gewyrþe before it comes to pass. Bt. 41, 2; Fox 244, note 8

fóre

(prep.)
Grammar
fóre, = fór; prep. dat. acc.

before ⬩ cōram ⬩ ante ⬩ in conspectu ⬩ præsente vel audiente ălĭquo ⬩ ante ⬩ before ⬩ ante

Entry preview:

Ðes ár me fóre stondeþ this messenger stands before me, Exon. 69 b; Th. 259, 5; Jul. 277. Cumaþ him fóre come before him, Ps. Th. 94, 6. Scíneþ ðé leóht fóre the light shines before thee, Cd. 29; Th. 38, 30; Gen. 614.

bóc-fel

Entry preview:

Wrít þis on swá langum bócfelle ꝥ hit mæge befón útan ꝥ heáfod, Lch. iii. 66, 7. Bócfellum pitaciolis, i. membranulis, An. Ox. 4570. Add

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

on-foran

(prep.; adv.)

Before, afore ⬩ Before, in front

Entry preview:

Before, afore Onforan winter, Chr. 895; Erl. 93, 30. adv. Before, in front Beóþ onforan eágan. Ps. Th. 113, 13

þífe-feoh

(n.)
Entry preview:

H.) mon æt ciépan befó, L. In. 25; Th. i. 118, 13. [Cf. Icel. þýfi; n. stolen goods.]

Linked entry: þiéfe-feoh

weorold-weorc

(n.)
Grammar
weorold-weorc, es; n.
Entry preview:

Nǽnig mon ne geþrístlǽce on ðone hálgan dæg on nán weoruld-weorc befón, 24; Th. ii. 420, 22. in a special sense, mechanics Mechanica, ðæt ys weoruldweorces cræft, Shrn. 152, 16

fór-sendan

(v.)

to send before

Entry preview:

to send before

ceáp-man

(n.)
Grammar
ceáp-man, cýp-man, cýpe-man;-mannes; -men; -men; -manna; -mannum; m. A

CHAPMAN, merchant, market-man ⬩ mercator, negotiator, nundinator

Entry preview:

CHAPMAN, merchant, market-man; mercator, negotiator, nundinator Gif ceápman uppe on folce ceápie, dó ðæt befóran gewitnessum if a chapman traffic up among the people, let him do it before witnesses, L. In. 25; Th. i. 118, 12, note 32: Obs.

Linked entries: cýpe-man cýp-man cépe-man cép-man ciépe-mon cope-man

FÓR

(prep.)
Grammar
FÓR, fóre; prep. dot. acc.

Before ⬩ fore ⬩ ante ⬩ cŏram ⬩ in conspectu ⬩ præsente vel audiente ălĭquo ⬩ præ ⬩ priusquam

Entry preview:

He for eaxlum gestód Deniga freán he stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes, Beo. Th. 72256. 358. Fór horde before the hoard, Beo. Th. 5555; B. 2781.

Linked entries: foor fóre

ǽror

(prep.)
Grammar
ǽror, ǽrror; prep. dat.

Before ⬩ ante ⬩ priusquam

Entry preview:

Before; ante, priusquam Næs ǽror ðé [MS. aworþe] ǽnegu gesceaft there was not before thee any creature, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 81; Met. 20, 41

Linked entry: ǽrror

healh

(n.)
Grammar
healh, halh [in the declension the final h seems to be omitted before an inflection]; m. A word of doubtful meaning.
    Kemble, Cod. Dipl. iii. xxix.
translates it hall, probably originally a stone building.
    Leo, A. S. Names, p. 52,
takes it to be the same word as ealh. Somner gives healh-stán crusta, collyrida. In form it agrees with Latin calx.

hall ⬩ a stone building ⬩ calx.

Entry preview:

The following are some of the passages in which the word occurs Se westra eásthealh, Cod. Dipl. iii. 19, 6. On ðone west halh, 18, 25. Óþ cyninges healh, i. 257, 33. On Scottes healh; of ðam heale, vi. 2, 2. In Streónes halh; of ðam hale, 214, 25. On

Linked entries: alh eást-healh hal heal healhiht heal

ǽr-genemned

(adj.; part.)
Grammar
ǽr-genemned, pp.

Before-named ⬩ prænominatus

Entry preview:

Before-named; prænominatus

Linked entry: ge-nemnan

preóst-heáp

Entry preview:

Þá ácsode ic hí be þám ylcan wundre beforan þám æþelum werum and þám preóstheápe (clero) and eác beforan eallum þám folce, Gr. D. 302, 25. Add

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