Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

irnan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ðá wildan hors scealden iornan on hearde wegas and him ðá limo tóbrecan, Shrn. 72, l. Se hrefn mid áþenedun fiðerum ongann yrnan hoppetende ymbútan þone hláf coruus expansis alis circa panem coepit discurrere, Gr. D. 118, 24. Iornende currens, Mt.

ceáp

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Heardan ceápe, B. 2482. ¶ bútan ceápe gratis, without payment :-- Hé ágeaf hí bútan ceápe (weorðe, v. l.) sine pretio, Gr. D. 83, 5. Scottas him andlyfene búton ceápe ( sine pretio ) sealdon, Bd. 3, 27; Sch. 318, 4.

hǽlu

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ID, 12 : Mk. p. 4, 6. on parting Hǽlo ábeád heorðgeneátum goldwine Geáta the lord of the Geats (Beowulf at the point of death), liberal and kind, bade farewell to his hearth-sharers, B. 2418. in written communications Eusebius dǽm bróder in Drihten

níd

(n.)
Grammar
níd, neád, néd, neód, niéd, nýd, es; n.: e; f.

necessityinevitablenessnecessityneedurgent requirementa necessary businessdutyneedwhat one wantsnecessityneeddifficultyhardshipdistressforcecompulsion

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Seó þearlwísnes ðæs heardan lífes him ǽrest of nýde becom for bóte his synna ac forþgangendre tíde ðæt hé ðæt nýd on gewunon gecyrde ... ex necessitate obvenerat, sed ... necessitatem in consuetudinem verterat, Bd. 4, 25; S. 599, 32, Nabbaþ hí neóde tó

teóna

(n.)
Grammar
teóna, an; m.
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Oft wǽron teónan wǽrfæstra wera weredum gemǽne heardum hearmplega. Ðá ongan Abraham sprecan . . . 'Ne sceolon unc betweónan teónan weaxan wroht wriðian' ( facta est rixa inter pastores gregum Abram et Lot . . .

Linked entry: teóne

spéd

(n.)
Grammar
spéd, e; f.

Speedsuccessmeansspeedquicknessspeedilyquicklyspeedsuccessprosperous issue meanssubstanceabundancewealthpowerfacultyopportunitymeans of doing anything progenyceleritas, successus, provectus, prosperitas, substantia

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Him ða bróðor þrý spédum miclum (very speedily) hǽldon hygesorge heardum wordum, 122, 30; Gen. 2034.

HÁD

(n.)
Grammar
HÁD, es; m.

personpersonasexdegree, rank, order, conditionstate, condition, kind, nature, formmanner, wayhonourpersona, sexus, ordo, gradus.

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Heárra on háde higher in rank, L. Eth. 6, 52; Th. i. 328, 14. Þurh háligne hád gecýðed made known by clerks, Exon. 34 a; Th. 107, 27; Gú. 65.

sculan

(v.)
Grammar
sculan,  sceolan; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scealt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon ; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj.
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Ðá héht se cásere gesponnan fiówer wildo hors . . . ðæt ða wildan hors scealden iornan on hearde wegas and him ða limo all tóbrecan. Shrn. 72, 1. Hé fægenaþ ðæs, hú hiene mon sciele (scyle, Hatt. MS.) herigean, Past. 8; Swt. 54, 7.

Linked entries: ge-scola sceal

sendan

(v.)
Grammar
sendan, p. sende ; pp. sended, send
Entry preview:

Gúþfrecan gáras sendon in heardra gemang, Judth. Thw. 24, 35 ; Jud. 224. Hié sendon hlot him betweónum, Blickl. Homl. 229, 5. Send ðé nyþer of ðisse heánesse, 27, 12. Ðá hét ic feá strǽla sendan in ða burh innan. Nar. 10, 22.

hwǽr

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., R.) is strión ðin, ðér is hearta ðin, Mt. L. 6, 21. Hwér am ic, ðér ðegn mín bið, Jn. R. 12, 26. See also Mt. 24, 28 ( 1 a): Lk. R. 12, 34 ( 1 b): Jn. L. 12, 26 ( 1 b)

weaxan

(v.)
Grammar
weaxan, weacsan, weahsan, weahxan, wexan, wehsan; ic weaxe; ðú wyxt; hé weaxeþ, weaxþ, weaxt, waexit, weaxst, wexeþ, wexþ, wixt, wihst, wihxþ, wyxþ, wyxt, wyxst, wycxþ; p. weóx, weócs, weóhs, pl. weóxon, weóhson, weóxson ; pp. weaxen

To wax, grow.to grow, be produced,to grow, grow upto grow, increase, wax to grow in honour, grow great, flourish, prosper to be productiveto grow, take shape

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Ðonne sceal eów sóna weaxan tó hearme wǽdl and wáwa, sacu and wracu, Wulfst. 133, 2. Hé héht geond ðæt rǽdleáse hof weaxan wítebrógan, Cd. Th. 3, 33; Gen. 45.

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

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Langsumlíc biþ ús tó gereccenne and eów tó gehýrenne ealle ða deópnyssa [there seems here a mixture of two constructions, 'these things are tedious to hear (tó gehýrenne),' and 'tó hear (gehýran) these things is tedious'], Homl.

Linked entry: -anne

fram

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Ðæt ðín heorte beó onliht mid his scínendum leómum fram ðǽre sweartan dymnysse that thy heart be delivered from darkness, being illumined by his shining rays. Hex. 52, 5. Áblinnan from unrihtum gestreónum and gítsunga, Bl.

sprecan

(v.)
Grammar
sprecan, specan; spræc, spæc; sprǽcon, spǽcon; sprecen, specen

To speak. to exercise the faculty of speechto use words in conversation, discourse, etc.to mentionto sayto speakto sue for, make a claim against, lay claim to

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. :-- Hé mid heardre ðreá hí on spræc and hí gebétte aspera illos invectione corrigebat, Bd. 3, 5; S. 527, 11. Wé sind an specende dicturi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 28, 66. On specende inspirans, 93, 40. On spæcende (swætende,Wrt.), 47, 31.

Ælfréd

(n.)
Grammar
Ælfréd, es; m. [ælf an elf; réd = rǽd counsel, wise in counsel: v. Ælfred]

AlfredAlfrédusAlfred the Great

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D. 897, Ðá hét Ælfréd cyning timbrian lange scipu ongeán ðas æscas [MS. æsceas] ða wǽron fulneáh twá swá lange swá ða óðre; . . . ða wǽron ǽgðer ge swiftran ge untealran, ge eác heárran [MS. heárra] ðonne ða óðru; nǽron hí náwðær ne on Frysisc gesceapen

ge-bétan

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Hæfde Eástdenum leód oncýððe ealle gebétte, inwidsorge, þe hié ǽr drugon, B. 830. to correct what is morally or intellectually wrong, amend, reform, a person Hé mid heardre þreá hí on spræc and hí gebétte aspera illos inuectione corrigebat, Bd. 3, 5;

wyrd

(n.)
Grammar
wyrd, e; f.

What happensfatefortunechancefatethe otherwise than humanly appointed order of thingsone of the Fatesfatefortunean eventan eventoccurrencecircumstanceincidentfactwhat happens to a personfatefortunelotconditionfatedeathchanceaccident

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Hé wyrd ne ful cúþe freóndrǽdenne hú heó from hogde he did not fully know the circumstance, how her heart was turned from loving him, 244, 26; Jul. 33. Dígle wyrd an obscure circumstance, Elen. Kmbl. 1077 ; El. 541 : 1163; El. 583.

Linked entry: weord

habban

(v.)
Grammar
habban, habbanne, hæbbene; pres. part. hæbbende; pres. indic. ic hæbbe, hafa, ðú hæfst, hafast, he hæfþ, hafaþ, pl. habbaþ, hæbbaþ; p. hæfde; subj. hæbbe, pl. hæbben, habban; imper. hafa, pl. habbaþ; pp. hæfed.

To HAVE, possess, hold, keep

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Hé ða word nel on his heortan habban and healdan he will not have and hold those words in his heart, Blickl. Homl. 55, 8. Ðonne mágon wé ús God ælmihtigne mildne habban then may we have God Almighty merciful to us, 107, 17.

Linked entries: heofon-hæbbende hafa

hand

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Sceal hond and heard sweord ymb hord wígan, 2509. Him sió swíðre swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte, 2099. where the word denotes agency, instrumentality in general Oft him bonena hond on herefelda gesceóde, An. 17.

micel

(adj.)
Grammar
micel, adj.

Micklegreatmagnusmuchmanymultusgreat

Entry preview:

Se ðissum herige mǽst hearma gefremede, Andr. Kmbl. 2397; An. 1200. Grammar micel, without gen. On swá miclum heó hæfþ genóg swá wé ǽr sprǽcon. Gif ðú heore máre selest ..., Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 11.

Linked entries: mǽst mára micle mycel