Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

hál

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Add: whole, not divided Gif hit tódǽled biþ, þonne ne biþ hit nó hál, Bt. 34, 12 ; F. 152, 28. with no part wanting: — Befeste þé hálne Gode Deo te totum committe, Solil. H. 53, 12. of physical well-being. whole, hale, sound, in good health

Linked entry: tunge

hwǽr

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Add: <b>, hwára.</b> in direct questions. with verbs denoting rest, where, in what place Adam, hwár eart þú?, Gen. 3, 9. Hwǽr is þæt tiber?, Gen. 2890. (1 a) where it is implied that the question cannot be satisfactorily answered :-- Hwǽr

tó-weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-weorpan, -werpan, -worpan, -wurpan, -wyrpan; p. -wearp, pl. -wurpon; pp. -worpen.

To throw in different directions ⬩ throw away ⬩ throw down ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ destroy ⬩ overthrow ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ to break in pieces ⬩ scatter the parts of a connected whole ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to overturn ⬩ to throw down ⬩ destroy a building ⬩ demolish ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to destroy the power of a person, ⬩ to destroy ⬩ to overthrow an institution, a practice, regulation, law, etc., ⬩ to put down ⬩ put an end to ⬩ destroy ⬩ make void ⬩ break ⬩ dissolve ⬩ to throw out

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To throw in different directions, throw away, throw down, to scatter, disperse, destroy, overthrow Tówearp discutit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 28, 70. Tówuorpon destituunt, toworpne destitutae, 105, 81, 82. Tówurpon, 25, 13. Tóworpenum eruta, 33, 16. Destitutae,

wyn

(n.)
Grammar
wyn, wynn, e; f.

delight ⬩ pleasure ⬩ delightfully ⬩ pleasantly ⬩ a delight ⬩ that which causes pleasure ⬩ the best of a class, ⬩ the pride of its kind. ⬩ the name of the w-rune

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delight, pleasure Wyn luxus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 71, 11. Wynn luxoria, wynne luxus, 49, 67, 65. Genihtsumere wynne opulenti luxus, Hpt. Gl. 413, 71. Wyn eal gedreás, Exon. Th. 288, 25; Wand. 36. On Gode standeþ wuldor mín and wyn mycel, Ps. Th. 61, 7. Mín

Linked entry: mód-wén

tó-sceádan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-sceádan, -scádan; p. -scéd, -sceád (in the Northern Gospels weak forms are found, and -sceádde occurs in Bede); pp. -sceáden.

to divide in two, ⬩ separate one thing from another ⬩ to divide into parties ⬩ cause division ⬩ dissension among ⬩ to separate contending parties or claims ⬩ judge, ⬩ decide between ⬩ to make a distinction between things ⬩ to distinguish ⬩ treat or regard differently ⬩ to separate one thing from another with the mind, ⬩ to discern, ⬩ distinguish, ⬩ discriminate ⬩ to separate things from one another, ⬩ to order, ⬩ dispose, ⬩ appoint ⬩ to separate the parts of a confused whole, ⬩ to expound, ⬩ interpret, ⬩ render intelligible ⬩ to discuss ⬩ to send in different directions, ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ To be separated, ⬩ to differ

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to divide in two, separate one thing from another, literally, of local relations Swá swá sweord ða wunde tósceát on tú, Past. 60; Swt. 453, 17. Se streám tósceádeþ súþfolc Angelðeóde and norþfolc flumine meridiani et septentrionales Anglorum populi dirimuntur

mód

(n.)
Grammar
mód, es; n.

the inner man ⬩ the spiritual as opposed to the bodily part of man ⬩ spirit ⬩ soul ⬩ mind ⬩ soul ⬩ heart ⬩ spirit ⬩ mind ⬩ disposition ⬩ mood ⬩ Courage ⬩ high spirit ⬩ Pride ⬩ arrogance ⬩ Greatness ⬩ magnificence ⬩ pride

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the inner man, the spiritual as opposed to the bodily part of man, e.g. ða ryhtæþelo bíþ on ðam móde, næs on ðam flǽsce, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 19. Ðone blindan ðe on líchoman wæs gehǽled ge eác on móde, Blickl. Homl. 21, 10. Like the English spirit, soul

eo

(n.)
Grammar
eo, I. unaccented, generally stands before two consonants lc, ld, lf, rc, rd, rf, rg, rh, rl, rm, rn, rp, rr, rt, rþ, x; as, Geolca a yolk, sceolde should, seolfor silver, deorc dark, sweord a sword, ceorfan to carve, beorgan to protect, beorht bright, eorl earl, beorma barm, eornost earnest, weorpan to throw, steorra a star, heorte the heart, eorþe the earth, meox dung. II. eó accented, the diphthong, generally stands before the consonants c, d, f, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, st, t, w; as, Seóc sick, beódan to bid, þeóf a thief, fleógan to fly, hreóh rough, hweól a wheel, leóma a ray of light, beón to be, deóp deep, beór beer, ceosan to choose, breóst the breast, fleótan to float, leóþ a song, ceówan to chew. 2. eó is also the termination of many words, and then the ó in eó is always accented; as, Beó a bee; ic beó

I shall be

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I shall be; freó free; gleó glee; seó the; seó sim, sis, sit; treó a tree; breó three, etc

weallan

(v.)
Grammar
weallan, p. weóll, pl. weóllon; pp. weallen.

of water, &amp;c. issuing from a source ⬩ to well, bubble forth, spring out, flow ⬩ of the source, to well with, ⬩ flow with, ⬩ with a noun ⬩ absolute ⬩ implying abundance ⬩ to swarm, exist in large numbers ⬩ of production in large numbers or great quantity, ⬩ to swarm with ⬩ flow with ⬩ of violent movement, ⬩ to boil, rage, heave ⬩ of movement in liquids caused by heat, ⬩ to boil (intrans.), ⬩ to be hot ⬩ used of a vessel in which a liquid boils ⬩ of other than liquids, ⬩ to be hot, burn, blaze, rage ⬩ figuratively, of persons, passions, emotions, ⬩ to be fervent, to burn, rage, to be strongly moved ⬩ trans. ( = willan?) To roll, turn

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of water, &amp;c. issuing from a source, to well, bubble forth, spring out, flow Ic wealle bullio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 5; Zup. 192, 3. Of ðæm neáhmunte wealleþ hlúter wæter, ðonne drincaþ ða menn ðæt cadente rivo puram ex vicino monte potant aquam, Nar

Linked entry: for-weallen

wracu

(n.)
Grammar
wracu, e; f.

pain ⬩ suffering ⬩ misery ⬩ suffering ⬩ punishment ⬩ vengeance ⬩ retribution ⬩ persecution ⬩ hostility ⬩ active enmity ⬩ vengeance ⬩ revenge

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pain, suffering, misery Is fela yfela and mistlícra gelimpa wíde mid mannum ; and eal hit is for synnum ; and gyt weorþeþ máre, ðæs ðe béc secgaþ, wracu and gedreccednes, ðonne ǽfre ǽr wǽre on worulde, Wulfst. 91, 7. Nis mé wracu ne gewin. ðæt ic God

heorte

breast ⬩ bosom ⬩ will ⬩ intellect ⬩ mind ⬩ soul ⬩ intent ⬩ will ⬩ desire ⬩ inclination ⬩ disposition ⬩ temperament ⬩ character

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Add: the heart as organ of an animal's body Gif þín heorte ace ad cardiacos, Lch. iii. 42, l. Þǽre heortan þá líflican cordis uitalia, t. lxxiv, 26. Bán bið funden on heortes heortan, Lch. i. 338, 6. Gyf hwá onbútan his heortan oþþe on his breóstum sár

ge-cynd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-cynd, f. also has gen. ge-cynd
  • (Bl. H. 31, 32)
; dat. ge-cynd
  • (Bl. H. 121, 30)
.

birth(?) ⬩ a native place or position, that to which one has a natural right ⬩ natural condition, lot to which one is born :-- ⬩ the character or quality derived from birth or native constitution, natural disposition, nature ⬩ nature in general, in the abstract, the established order of things ⬩ natural state or condition ⬩ a natural quality, property, or characteristic ⬩ gender, sex ⬩ VII a. sexual organs, ⬩ the manner or way natural or proper to any one, mode of action ⬩ character as determining the class to which a thing belongs, generic nature or quality ⬩ a race, a natural group of animals or plants having a common origin ⬩ a family, a tribe, nation ⬩ descendants, progeny :-- ⬩ a class distinguished by common attributes, genus, sort

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birth(?) Gecynda natilicium, Wrt. Voc. ii. 62, 11. Þú eart sunu and fæder ána ǽgðer; swá is þín æðele gecynd miclum gemǽrsod. Hy. 7, 43. a native place or position, that to which one has a natural right Brytland him wæs on gewealde ... Norman-díge ꝥ

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
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the, vide Þ, þ. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines

ge-híran

(v.)
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Take here <b>ge-heoran, ge-hioran</b> in Dict. and add: intrans. To hear, perceive sound Eáran gé habbað, and ne gehýrað (-hérað, L.), Mk. 8, 18. Gif se hlyst oðstande, ꝥ hé ne mæge gehiéran, Ll. Th. i. 92, 24. Sume magon gesión, sume magon

findan

to come across ⬩ to obtain ⬩ find ⬩ to meet with ⬩ experience ⬩ be exposed to ⬩ find difficulty ⬩ procure ⬩ to visit ⬩ learn ⬩ arrange ⬩ settle ⬩ to determine ⬩ to supply ⬩ provide ⬩ furnish

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Add: to come upon by chance or in the course of events. to come across, meet with a person or thing Ðú findst (fintst, v. l.) wið hwone ðú meant flítan contra quos valeatis vos extendere, semper invenitis, Past. 331, 5. Ic gehátan dearr þæt þú þǽr treówe

ge-healdan

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Add: to hold, keep, take care or charge of a person Þeódnes bearn sceolde folc gehealdan, B. 911. a flock (lit. or fig.) Seó heord þe hé tó Godes handa gehealdan sceall, Ll. Th. ii. 312, 26. a thing Hé onsende sínra þegna worn . . . þæt him . . . geheólde

ge-dón

(v.)

to put. ⬩ to place in or on a material object, give position or direction to ⬩ to put away, remove :-- ⬩ to put from (fram), put out of one's power ⬩ to put or bring into a position or relation ⬩ to bring a person to or out of a condition ⬩ to put a thing to a use :-- ⬩ to apply money, expend ⬩ to impart to a person. ⬩ to bestow, confer a material object ⬩ to cause by one's action a person (dat.) to have a faculty ⬩ to bring some affecting quality or condition to a person, ⬩ the object a noun (pronoun), to do a person good, harm, ⬩ to show mercy, do honour, justice, c. :-- ⬩ to do ⬩ to achieve, bring to pass that :-- ⬩ to do good, evil, right, wrong, act rightly, c. ⬩ to commit sin, crime, c. ⬩ finished, completed, brought to a conclusion, ⬩ to make attack, move, excuse, c. ⬩ to make, bring about a state, condition, cause to be as the result of action. ⬩ to endow with qualities or properties ⬩ to make, produce, do one thing from another :-- ⬩ to make, conclude a treaty of peace :-- ⬩ to make, cause to become, cause to take the character of. ⬩ to make, cause a person to do something, ⬩ to act ⬩ to do, fare

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Add: to put. lit. to place in or on a material object, give position or direction to Hé þone hláf tóbræc on twá, and hine gedyde on his twá sléfan, Bl. H. 181, 16. God feorh in gedyde, Gen. 184. Heó hyre bán on níwe þrúh ásette and on cyricean gedyde

ge-settan

(v.)
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Add: [The participle of ge-sittan seems used in Lk. p. 9, 6 Geseteno posita; and in Lk. L. 22, 41 :-- Gesetnum positis.] to set, put, place, lay Ðá gesettan inditas, Wrt. Voc. ii. 111, 38 ; 48, 82. to move a material object to a position of rest Geseton

ofer

(prep.)
Grammar
ofer, ofor; prep. adv.

with dat. generally with the idea of rest; ⬩ above, over ⬩ denoting contact with anything, upon, on ⬩ denoting extension over, throughout, in, on ⬩ denoting a higher degree, beyond, more than ⬩ denoting the cause of an emotion, over ⬩ denoting the object over which power is exercised ⬩ with the idea of movement, where the accusative might be expected ⬩ marking time, after, beyond ⬩ denoting motion in a definite direction across, to the other side of an object ⬩ denoting motion which is diffused over a surface ⬩ denoting extension through a space, throughout, among ⬩ denoting motion from below, over, above ⬩ denoting motion from above, upon, on ⬩ denoting the object upon which an action or feeling takes effect ⬩ denoting the object over which power is exercised ⬩ above, more than ⬩ supra, super ⬩ beyond, besides ⬩ ultra ⬩ denoting the passing over moral bounds, in violation of, in opposition to, contrary to, against ⬩ with words implying rest ⬩ (cf. to talk over) ⬩ denoting the cause of an emotion (cf. I. 5) ⬩ without ⬩ with words expressing time, ⬩ after ⬩ through, during

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with dat. generally with the idea of rest; above, over Wæs hálig leáht ofer wéstenne, Cd. Th. 8, 16; Gen. 125. Beheóld ofer leódwerum byrnende beám, 184, 20; Exod. 110. Mæst hlifade ofer Hróþgáres hordgestreónum, Beo. Th. 3802; B. 1899. Wígláf siteþ

byrgen

(n.)
Grammar
byrgen, byrgenn, birgen, byrigen, burgen, e; f.

tumulus ⬩ A burying, grave, sepulchre, tomb ⬩ sepulcrum, monumentum, tumba ⬩ cremation ⬩ the burning ⬩ a body

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[ Similar entries beorg tumulus] A burying, grave, sepulchre, tomb; sepulcrum, monumentum, tumba Byrgen sepulcrum, Ps. Th. 48, 9: Ps. Surt. 13, 3. Hát nú healdan ða byrgene jube ergo custodire sepulcrum, Mt. Bos. 27, 64: 27, 66. On ðam wyrt-túne wæs

hé

(pronoun.)
Grammar
hé, [In p. 513, col. 1. l. 60 Enachis (Num. 13, 29) should be read for Enac his: cf. the accusative Enachim in Jos. 11. 21. For -is as gen. in foreign names cf. Num. 13, 11, 12.]
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Add: nom. sing. m. hé, hee, hí, hié; f. heó, hió, hé: [also North, hiá, hiú, hiuu: Kent. hí, hiá]; n. hit, hyt: gen. m. n. his, hys, is; f. hire, hyre, hiere, heore, hiore: dat. m. n. him, hym, heom, him; f. (as gen.): acc. hine, hyne, hiene, higne, hin