Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

on-cnáwan

(v.)
Grammar
on-cnáwan, p. -cneów; pp. -cnáwen

To knownoscere, cognoscere, agnoscereto know, recognise,to identify an object through being acquainted with its characteristics, to distinguishto recognise a factto know, understand, attain to a knowledge ofto know, learn by observation, observe, perceiveto acknowledgemake acknowledgment of a faultto acknowledge a greetingto acknowledge the power of another

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Elias eorl ðe ða Mannie of ðam cynge geheóld and oncneów (-cweow, MS.) Chr. 1110; Erl. 243, 11

teón

(v.)
Grammar
teón, (from teóhan); p. teáh, pl. tugon; pp. togen, tigen (v. of-teón)
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Teón nú ða wæteru forð swimmende cynn . . . eáll fisccynn ðe ða wæteru tugon forð ( produxerunt ), Gen. 1, 20, 21. Tó teónne forð ðone wísdóm ðære ealdan ǽ, Homl.

wiþ

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
wiþ, prep. (adv. conj. ).

towardstoin the direction oftowardstoatwithtowardstoatagainstover againstopposite toagainstfrombynearagainstbesideuntoatagainstwithagainst onover againstoppositeagainstin the way ofwith.withpart withfromforin return foras payment forforin consideration offorin exchange forforfor in reward ofin return forin answer toforas compensation forin consideration ofin return foron condition ofagainstagainstas a set-offby the side ofcompared within contrast withwithtowithwithagainstto.withforagainstfromforagainstcontrary toin opposition to.withatagainstbeside by,atbyagainstatuntowithfromforwithagainstto weigh one thing with or against anotherin comparison withwithtowith a personwithtowardswith in respect towithwith againsttowithto.againstfromforagainst contrary toagainstbythrough,to rest on the armtill.till tountil

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II. 9 Wiþ ðone here se cyning friþ nam, Chr. 876 ; Erl. 78, 9. Swegen griðode wið ðone cyng, 1046 ; Erl. 172, 6. Ða foreword ðe Ælfwerd and se híréd worhtan wið Æðelmǽr, Chart. Erl. 235, 26.

líf

(adv.)
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Þá þe him tó lífe ( when living) láðost wǽron cwicera cynna, Jud. 323. V. adv. gen. lífes alive :-- Hé bið lang lífes vitalis erit, Lch. iii. 156, 18, 23. Unlǽde bið on eorðan, unnyt lífes . . . sé þurh þone cantic ne can Críst geherian, Sal. 21.

settan

(v.)
Grammar
settan, p. sette; pp. seted, set[t] (
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Se cyng hét ðone arcebisceop bóc settan the king ordered the archbishop to draw up a charter, Chart. Th. 376, 3

Linked entry: on-settan

ge-gán

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Þæs þe his cyn ǽrest West-Seaxna lond on Wealum geódon, P. 4, 21. Hié siþþan geeódon Europe and Asiam þone mǽstan dǽl cum Europae maximam partem domuissent, Asiae vero aliquantis civitatibus captis, Ors. 1, 10; S. 48, 18.

sculan

(v.)
Grammar
sculan,  sceolan; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scealt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon ; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj.
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Sægþ on ðissum bócum, ðæt Drihten cwǽde, ðæt ðis mennisce cyn ne sceolde ágímeleásian, ðæt hié sealdon heora wæstma fruman for Gode, Blickl. Homl. 41, 4: Exon. Th. 15, 9; Cri. 233.

Linked entries: ge-scola sceal

gif

Entry preview:

The difference between the indicative and subjunctive after gif may be illustrated by the following passages Gif cyning æt mannes hám drincæð and þǽr man lyswæs hwæt gedó. Ll.

þegen

(n.)
Grammar
þegen, þegn, þeng, þén, es; m.
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Nán man náge náne sócne ofer cynges þegen búton cyng sylf, L. Eth. iii. 11; Th. i. 296, 23. Ðæs cyninges þegnas (cf. ða men ðe mid ðam cyninge wǽrun, Erl. 48, 31), Chr. 755; Erl. 50, 3, 9.

án

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)
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Hit máre is for án þonne þreó hund geára it cannot be less than 300 years, 701. marking singleness, uniqueness, one, sole, single Ðú geweorðest án cyning and hláford ealles middangeardes, Nar. 32, 4.

teóna

(n.)
Grammar
teóna, an; m.
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Se cyning ne gemunde ðæra monigra teónena ðe hiora ǽgðer óþrum gedyde Astyages oblitus sceleris sui, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 52, 22. Hé ða gefremedon teónan ( factas injurias ) him eall forlét, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 19.

Linked entry: teóne

wirsa

(adj.)
Grammar
wirsa, (wirra occurs once in the Chronicle); cpve.; wirrest, wirst; spve. adj.

Worseworst

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Ðes wyrresta cyning Neron, Homl. Th. i. 384, 3. Se wyresta sceaþa (Judas) Blickl. Homl. 69, 10. Ðis is manna se wyrresta, 185, 2. Se eallra wyrresta mon, Bt. 14, 3; Fox 46, 20. Ðé þúhte ðæt eallra ðinga wyrrest, 38, 4; Fox 204, 9.

frignan

(v.)
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Hiue frægn se geroefa cwæþende : 'Þu eart cyning Iudeána ?,' Mt. R. 27, II.. Frugnun, Lk. R. 22, 64. (3 b) to ask a person about something, with gen. v. γ. Þú mé frignest þæs þe ic ǽr ǽngum ne wolde melda weorðan, Gü. 1201.

ceáp

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Cyning sceal mid ceápe cwéne gebicgan, búnum and beágum, Gu. Ex. 82. Gif man mægð gebigeð ceápi, Ll. Th. i. 22, 1. Crístene men ... Godes ágenne ceáp þe hé deóre gebohte, 304, 21. Þǽr hé his hláfordes ceáp ( rem ) werige, ii. 150, 5.

freónd

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Gefáh wið þone cyning and wid ealle his frýnd, Ll. Th. i. 248, 13. Wid ealle his freónd, 210, 11. ¶ Godes freónd an upholder of religion, a pious person, a true Christian :-- Éhte his íélc þára þe Godes freónd sí, Ll. Th. i. 340, 9: 358, 24.

ge-sittan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Gesæt tó symble Caldéa cyning, Dan. 701. Syððan wé tó symble geseten hæfdon, B. 2104. <b>II b.</b> figurative :-- Ofer stól geseton wuðuto super cathedram Mosi sederunt scribae, Mt.

macian

(v.)
Grammar
macian, <b>. I.</b>
Entry preview:

betstan tyccenu þæt ic macige mete þínum fæder þǽr of (ut faciam ex eis escas patri tuo), Gen. 27, 9. to produce by action, bring about a condition of things, a state of feeling Þá Frencisce menn macodon mǽst þet unseht betweónan Godwine eorle and þám cynge

sceát

(n.)
Grammar
sceát, es; m.

a corner, an anglecorner, quartera projection, promontorya nook, corner, regiona lap, bosomthe bosoma baysinusa garmenta cloth, napkin cloak,fold

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Ðá ástód hé semninga and getogene ðý wǽpne under his sceáte rǽsde on ðone cyning (cf. Icel. hann hafði und skauti sér leyniliga handöxi) exsurrexit repente, et evaginata sub vests sica, impetum fecit in regem, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 21: Exon.

Linked entry: sceáta

HÁTAN

(v.)
Grammar
HÁTAN, ic háte, ðú hátest, hætsþ, hé háteþ, hát, hǽt, pl. hátaþ; p. héht, hét, pl. héhton, héton; pp. háten.

to bid, order, commandto promise, vowto call, name, give a name toto name, call, bid, commandto call, name, promise, vownominare, appellare, jubere, præcipere

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Ðé háteþ heofona cyning ðæt ðú onsende Heaven's king bids thee send, Andr. Kmbl. 3008; An. 1507. Héht ðæt hé cuóme tó him he commanded that he should come to him, Chart. Th. 47, 11.

Linked entry: ge-hátan

on-wendan

(v.)

to turn, changeto change one thing for another, to exchangeto turn, change a direction, to avert, divert, turn asideto change the position of a thing, to invert, turn upside down,to subvert, disturb, upsetto cause to change for the worse, to give a wrong direction, pervertTo return

Entry preview:

Næ síe tó ðon gedurstig, ne cyning, næ bisceop, ðæt ðǽs mínæ gife onwændæ ( commoveat ), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 218, 28. Nǽfre ic ne míne lástweardas geþrístlǽcen ðæt heó hit ( the grant of certain dues ) onwenden, Ch. Th. 29, 14: Cd.