Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

þeów

(n.)
Grammar
þeów, es; þeówa, an; m.
Entry preview:

Earme men beswicene and hreówlíce besyrwde, and út of ðisan earde gesealde swýðe unforworhte fremdum tó gewealde Wulfst. 158, 13. Freedom might be forfeited as the punishment of crime; e. g.

Linked entries: þeá þeáw þió wíte-þeów

witan

(v.)
Grammar
witan, prs. ic, hé wát, ðú wást, wǽst, pl. wé witon; p. wiste; pp. witen.

to wit ⬩ know ⬩ have knowledge ⬩ be aware, ⬩ to know ⬩ have knowledge of, ⬩ be aware of ⬩ to be wise ⬩ be in one's senses ⬩ to be conscious of ⬩ to know ⬩ to feel ⬩ shew

Entry preview:

Ne mæge wé ðæt sóð witan, hú ðú æðele eart, Hy. 3, 13. Grammar witan, with (2) and (5d) Gif hé synful is, ðæt ic nát, Jn.

Linked entries: weotan wietan

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

for-niman

(v.)
Grammar
for-niman, -nyman; p. -nam, -nom, pl. -námon, -nómon; pp. -numen; v. trans.

To take away ⬩ deform ⬩ plunder ⬩ destroy ⬩ ransack ⬩ waste ⬩ consume ⬩ devour ⬩ rapĕre ⬩ perdĕre ⬩ extermĭnāre ⬩ vastāre ⬩ consūmĕre ⬩ devŏrāre

Entry preview:

Swá swá sceáp from wulfum and wildeórum beóþ fornumene, swá ða earman ceasterwaran toslitene and fornumene wǽron fram heora feóndum sīcut agni a fĕris, ĭta misĕri cīves discerpuntur ab hostĭbus, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 26, 27: Homl. Th. ii. 416, 12

Linked entry: for-nyman

lencten

(n.)
Grammar
lencten, lengten, lenten, es; m.

Spring ⬩ Lent

Entry preview:

Nis nán blódlǽstíd swá gód swá on foreweardne lencten there is no time for letting blood so good as its the early spring, L. M. 1, 72; Lchdm. ii. 148, 3: 2, 30; Lchdm. ii. 228, 8.

Linked entry: lengten

scræf

(n.)
Grammar
scræf, screaf, scref, es; n.
Entry preview:

a cave, cavern, hollow place in the earth Scræf spelunca, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 21. Ðǽr ( hell ) biþ fýr and wyrm, open éce scræf, Cd. Th. 212, 10; Exod. 537. Cirice on scræfes onlícnesse, Blickl. Homl. 197, 18.

geond

(prep.)
Grammar
geond, giond; prep. acc.

Through, throughout, over, as far as, among, in, after, beyond ⬩ per, trans, inter, post, ultra ⬩ κατά

Entry preview:

Geond eorþan throughout the earth, Beo.Th. 538; B. 266: Cd. 227; Th. 305, 10; Sat. 644. Geond gehwilce weras viritim, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 5.

Linked entries: gind giond gond eond giend geond-innan be-geondan geondan gynd

ge-mǽne

(adj.)
Grammar
ge-mǽne, adj.

Common, general, mutual, in common ⬩ communis ⬩ communis, generalis, solitus ⬩ communis

Entry preview:

Common, general, mutual, in common; communis Reord wæs ðá gieta eorþ-búendum án gemǽne there was yet one common language to the dwellers upon earth, Cd. 79; Th. 98, 27; Gen. 1636.

Linked entry: mǽne

crístnian

(v.)
Entry preview:

. . þæt sealt þæt se sácerd þám men on múð déþ þonne hé crístnað, þæt getácnað godcundne wísdóm . . . and ðonne se sácerd him ætforan singð credo in deum, þonne trymeð hé his geleáfan . . . ðonne se sácerd æthrínð mid his spátle þæs mannes nose and eáran

Linked entries: crístian crístnere

hæleþ

Entry preview:

Weorð eác ádrǽfed deórmód hæleð Óslác of earde Chr. 975 ; P. 120, 20. Ing wæs ǽrest mid Eást-Denum . . . þus Heardingasþone hæleð nemdun, Rún. 22. Byð for eorlum æðelinga wyn hors hófum wlanc, þǽr him hæleþe ymb welege on wicgum wrixlað sprǽce, 19.

nacod

Grammar
nacod, <b>. I a.</b>
Entry preview:

</b> of a surface, bare, without a covering :-- Wæs his seó æþeleste ræst on his hǽran (earan, MS., but cf. on flóre licgende, on stíðre hǽran, Hml. Th. ii. 516, 31 : both passages refer to St. Martin) oþþe elles on nacodre eorðan, Bl.

reord

(n.)
Grammar
reord, e: ;f, :; es; ;n.;

Speech, tongue, language, voice;

Entry preview:

Reord wæs eorþbúendum án gemǽne ' ;and the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech,; ' Cd. Th. 98, 25; Gen. 1635. Reord up ástág ;voices rose high,; Exon. Th. 246, 16; Jul. 62.

Linked entry: ge-reord

nán

(n.; adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
nán, [ = ne án]; pron.

not one ⬩ none ⬩ no ⬩ none ⬩ no man ⬩ nothing

Entry preview:

Grammar nán, as predicate Forhwí ðé hátan dysige men wuldor nú ðú náne eart (nán neart, MS. Cott.) why do foolish men call thee glory, when thou art none, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 3.

swǽs

(adj.)
Grammar
swǽs, adj.
Entry preview:

Ðú swǽs tó mé ðín eáre onhyld, 101, 2. Þeáh ðe ic on hyld gegange, ðænne swǽs wese when it may be agreeable 131, 3. On sóðfæstra swǽsum múðe in the gracious mouth of the just 117, 15. Weredum beóbreáde vel swǽsum dulci favo Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, 9.

Linked entries: swáse swés

fæstlíce

(adv.)

fast ⬩ firmly ⬩ constantly ⬩ persistence ⬩ fast ⬩ strictly ⬩ speedily ⬩ at once

Entry preview:

Similar entries Cf. fæste; II a Þǽr hié fæstlíce eard genámon they settled there, Gen. 1653. Gif hit on ǽnegum men ǽnige hwíle fæstlíce wunaþ, Bt. 8; F. 26, 4. Hí nǽfre fæstlíce ne þurhwuniaþ swelca swelce hí ǽr tó cóman, 11, 1; F. 30, 28: Bl.

hróf

Entry preview:

</b> house-top as the most public place to proclaim anything :-- Ðætte in eárum gihérdest and sprecende gé wérun in cotum ábodad bið on hrófum, Lk. R. L. 12, 3. Ofer hrófa, Mt. L. 10, 27. <b>I d.

of-gán

(v.)

to demand what is due, seek satisfaction for, require, exact ⬩ to require what is not due, to exact with violence, extort ⬩ to require what is not one's due but is granted as a favour or for a fair equivalent, to obtain, hold by allowance of another ⬩ to start of, make a beginning of anything.

Entry preview:

Wé sceolon mid hálgum mægnum ðone eard ofgán ðe wé þurh leahtras forluron with holy virtues must we obtain the country, that we lost through vices, i. 118, 33. [lch hit wulle uorto ofgon (gain) þine heorte, A. R. 390, 13.

Linked entry: of-eode

hú

Entry preview:

Hú þú æþele eart, Hy. 3, 14: 18. introducing a relative clause. in what way Gefada embe lóca hú þú wylle, Hml. S. 3, 285.

Ælfríc

(n.)
Grammar
Ælfríc, es; m. [ælf, ríc]

Ælfric ⬩ Ælfricus

Entry preview:

Ælfric of Canterbury, the grammarian, was of noble birth, supposed to be the son of the earl of Kent. He was a scholar of Athelwold, at Abingdon, about 960.

ende-mes

Grammar
ende-mes, emdenes, emdemes.

together ⬩ coincidence ⬩ straightway ⬩ at once

Entry preview:

God ealne þone eard endemes tówende and eaile þá burhwara forbærnde ætgædere Dominus subvertit omnem circa regionem, universos habitatores urbium, Gen. 19, 25.

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