Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

sib-leger

(n.)
Grammar
sib-leger, es; m.
Entry preview:

An incestuous person Be siblegerum. And æt siblegerum ða witan gerǽddan, ðæt cyng áh ðone uferan and bisceop ðone nyðeran, L. E. G. 4; Th. i. 168, 13-15. Cf. for-liger ; m

Linked entry: -leger

rǽde-gafol

(n.)
Grammar
rǽde-gafol, es; n.
Entry preview:

and tó gafole ne þearf hé him onfón gif hé him nán botl ne selþ if a man takes a yard of land or more at a fixed rent and ploughs it, if the lord wants to get service as well as rent, the tenant need not take the land, if the lord does not give him a

stéran

(v.)
Grammar
stéran, p. de.
Entry preview:

to cense, burn incense as a sacrifice Aaron stérde mid thimiama, Num. 16, 47. Ozias wolde offrian and stérde æt ðam weofode ( Uzziah went into the temple to burn incense upon the altar of incense, 2 Chron. 26, 16), Homl. Ass. 58, 185.

Linked entries: stéring stór stýran

æt-speornan

(v.)
Grammar
æt-speornan, -spornan ðú -spyrnst, he -spyrnþ; p. -spearn, pl. -spurnon; pp. -spornen; v. trans.

To stumble ⬩ spurn at ⬩ dash or trip against ⬩ mistake ⬩ cæspitare ⬩ offendere ad aliquid ⬩ impingere

Entry preview:

To stumble, spurn at, dash or trip against, mistake; cæspitare, offendere ad aliquid, impingere He ætspyrnþ he stumbleth; offendit, Jn. Bos. 11, 9, 10. Ðe-læs ðe ðín fót æt stáne ætsporne ne forte offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum, Mt. Bos. 4, 6.

Linked entry: æt-spurne

eal-swá

(adv.)
Grammar
eal-swá, eall-swá; adv.

ALSO, so, so as, likewise, even as, even so ⬩ simĭlĭter, sīcut

Entry preview:

ALSO, so, so as, likewise, even as, even so; simĭlĭter, sīcut Cristenum cyninge gebýreþ ðæt he sý ealswá hit riht is it is the duty of a Christian king to be as it is right, L. I. P. 2; Th. ii. 304, 8, 22.

Linked entries: swá al-swá eall-swá

mæðel-hégende

(v.; part.)
Grammar
mæðel-hégende, part. pres.

Attending, holding or addressing an assembly or council ⬩ consulting ⬩ conversing

Entry preview:

Attending, holding or addressing an assembly or council, consulting, conversing Biscopas and bóceras and ealdormen mæðelhégende ( in council ), Andr. Kmbl. 1217; An. 609. Beornas cómon mæðelhégende . .

æl

(n.)
Grammar
æl, e; f.

An awl ⬩ subula

Entry preview:

An awl; subula Hwanon sceó-wyrhtan æl unde sutori subula, Coll. Monast. Th. 30, 33: L. Alf. 11; Th. i. 46, 10. Æl subula, Ælfc. Gl. 1; Som. 55, 27; Wrt. Voc. 16, 2

ge-swic

Entry preview:

Add: an offence Tó geswicum ad scandala, Wrt. Voc. ii. 97, 4. cessation Sý hé betáht Satane meó helle grunde and ðǽr á cwylmie mid Godes wiðsacum búte geswice, C. D. iv. 107, 17

hár-ness

(n.)
Grammar
hár-ness, e; f.
Entry preview:

Oþ þá grǽgan hárnesse usque cigneam (vetulae senectutis) canitiem, An. Ox. 1877. Hárnessa canos (suos cum dolore ducentes ad inferos ), 3367

hearpe-nægel

Grammar
hearpe-nægel, hearp-nægel, es; m.

An instrument for striking the strings of a harp

Entry preview:

An instrument for striking the strings of a harp Hearpnægel plectrum, Ælfc. Gl. 71; Som. 70, 96; Wrt. Voc. 43, 27. Apollonius his hearpenægl genam Apollonius took his harp-nail, Ap. Th.17, 7

Linked entry: nægel

ge-rif

(n.)
Grammar
ge-rif, es; n.

A seizing, taking away, a catching-as of fish, also that which is caught ⬩ raptura, captura

Entry preview:

A seizing, taking away, a catching-as of fish, also that which is caught; raptura, captura Án gerif fisca, oððe án snǽs fisca oððe óðra þinga one taking of fish, or one spear of fish, or of other things; una sorta, Mone A. 141; Recd. 37, 77; Wrt.

Linked entry: -rif

stán-æx

(n.)
Grammar
stán-æx, e; f.
Entry preview:

A stone axe; or(?) an implement for working stone [Halliwell gives stone-ax a stone-worker's axe] Stánæx bipennis, Wrt. Voc. i. 34, 60. Stánex, 84, 68.

Linked entry: stán-bill

hlosnian

(v.)

to listen

Entry preview:

Add: to listen with astonishment, listen spellbound Hlosnendum attonis. l. attonitis, Ald. 32, ii. see An. Ox. 2333 under hlosnere), Wrt. Voc. ii. 79, 21.

gærs-irþ

(n.)
Grammar
gærs-irþ, e; f.

Ploughing done by the gebúr for his lord as an equivalent for an allowance of pasturage

Entry preview:

Ploughing done by the gebúr for his lord as an equivalent for an allowance of pasturage Of ðám tíman ðe man ǽrest ereð oð Martinus mæssan se gebúr sceal ǽlcre wucan erian .I. æcer . . .: tóeácan ðám .III. æceras tó béne, and .II. tó gærsyrðe.

Linked entries: irþ gærs-yrþ

hýf

Entry preview:

An. Ox. 307. Hýfa tuguria, i. cellulas, 253. Add

-hád

(suffix)
Grammar
-hád, a suffix forming abstract nouns, e. g. bisceop-, cild-, man-, wer-hid, etc. In the oldest English it is found combined only with nouns, while in the later stages of the language, as in O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. words are formed with it from adjectives. An early instance occurs in the Land MS. of the Chronicle 'druncenhed,'
  • 1070
    • ;
  • Erl. 209, 35
. In later English it takes two forms, -hode, -hede; in modern times, -hood, -head.

BIL

(n.)
Grammar
BIL, bill, es; n.

a BILL or a broad two-edged sword, a falchion ⬩ falx, marra, falcastrum, ensis curvus

Entry preview:

An old military weapon, with a hooked point, and an edge on the back, as well as within the curve, a BILL or a broad two-edged sword, a falchion.

Linked entry: bill

gild-scipe

(n.)
Grammar
gild-scipe, gyld-scipe, es; m.

A guild-ship ⬩ society ⬩ sodalitas

Entry preview:

A guild-ship, society; sodalitas Án gildscipe is gegaderod on Wudeburg lande a guild-ship is gathered at Woodbury land, Th. Diplm. 608, 30: 605, 8: L. Edg. C. 9; Th. ii. 246, 12

Linked entry: ge-gyld-scipe

twi-sceatte

(adv.)
Grammar
twi-sceatte, adv.
Entry preview:

To the extent of a double payment Sió bót biþ twysceatte máre the 'bót' shall be twice as much, L. Alf. pol. 66; Th. i. 96, 31. [O. Frs. twi-skette.] Cf. twi-gilde

Linked entry: -sceatte

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