Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

un-þanc

(n.)
Grammar
un-þanc, es; m.

disfavour ⬩ displeasure ⬩ anger ⬩ ill-will ⬩ an unpleasing act ⬩ a displeasure ⬩ an offence ⬩ annoyance ⬩ not thanks ⬩ displeasure expressed in words ⬩ unwillingly ⬩ without consent ⬩ on compulsion ⬩ ingratis ⬩ without (a person's) consent ⬩ not of (one's own) accord ⬩ against (one's) will

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disfavour, displeasure, anger, ill-will Oft ða unwaran láreówas for ege ne durron cleopian, ondrǽdaþ him sumra monna unðonc saepe rectores improvidi humanam amittere gratiam formidantes loqui pertimescunt, Past. 15; Swt. 89, 12. Hine on unðanc R eorringa

Linked entry: un-þances

ealu

(v.)
Grammar
ealu, (-o,-a). For 'generally indecl. in sing.' substitute: gen. ealoþ (-aþ, -eþ), alþes (Rtl.); dat. inst. ealoþ (-aþ, -eþ); acc. ealu (-o, -a); gen. pl. ealeþa,
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and add: ale Ealo coelia, Wrt. Voc. ii. 17, 24: i. 290, 61. Ealu celeum, cervise, ii. 130, 47. Æþele alu carenum, 23, 1. Gif ealo áwerd sié, Lch. ii. 142, 10. Twégen fǽtels full ealað oððe wæteres, Ors. 1, 1; S. 21, 16. Lytel níwes ealoð, Lch. i. 388

ǽr-fæder

(n.)
Grammar
ǽr-fæder, indecl. in sing, but sometimes gen. -fæderes and dat. -fædere are found; pl. nom. acc. -fæderas; gen. a; dat. um; m.

A forefather ⬩ father ⬩ propator ⬩ pater

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A forefather, father; propator, pater, Beo. Th. 5258; B. 2622

þus

(adv.)
Grammar
þus, adv.

Thus ⬩ in this manner, degree

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Thus, in this manner, degree, etc. Grammar þus, where the manner, etc., is determined by what precedes, Grammar þus, with verbs 'Mín Drihten, gestranga míne heortan. Ðus gebiddende ðam hálgan Andrea Drihtnes stefn wæs geworden, Blickl. Homl. 245, 3:

þeón

(v.)
Grammar
þeón, [from þíhan; and this from an earlier nasal stem, of which traces are preserved in the past forms, where g has replaced h by Verner's law:-Ðunge pollesceret, Wrt. Voc. ii. 66, 40. Fród fæder freóbearn lǽrdewordum wísfæstum, ðæt hé wel þunge, Exon. Th. 300, 9; Fä. 3. See also the passages given under ge-þingan; ofer-þeón; ge-, heáh-, wel-þungen; on-þungan, Exon. Th. 497, 3; Rä. 85, 23 (omitted in its place)]
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; p. þáh and þeáh, pl. þigon and þugon; p. pr. þíende and þeónde; pp. þigen and þogen To thrive, grow, flourish, prosper Þíhþ cluit, pollet, viget, nobilitat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 131, 75. Þáh pubesceret, 66, 22. Þeó vigeat, Wülck. Gl. 257, 17. of persons in

Linked entries: þeóging þigaþ þunge -þungen ge-þeón

wítan

(v.)
Grammar
wítan, p. wát, pl. witon; pp. witen.

to see to ⬩ take heed to ⬩ guard ⬩ keep ⬩ to lay t ⬩ charge ⬩ lay the blame of ⬩ impute ⬩ to go ⬩ depart

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to see to, take heed to, guard, keep, Grammar wítan, absolute God wíteþon ðam héhstan heofna ríce ufan Alwalda, Cd. Th. 32, 31 ; Gen. 511. [ He (God) witeð and wialdeð alle þing, Anglia i. II, 40. Ihesu, wel þu witest hem, Jul. 51, 15. > Wel is him

Linked entry: ge-wítan

geáp

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
geáp, glosses cornas, Wrt. Voc. i. 287, 39 : ii. 16, 76. [Sievers, Angl. xiii. 325, would read coruas=curuas; but the list of words in which the first example occurs contains no other instance of an adjective, and the second example occurs among a group of words very similar to that in which the first is found: so that cornas seems meant for a noun. Perhaps geáp might be the same form as in earn-geáp; or could it be connected with Icel. gaupa a lynx ?]

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

C

Grammar
C, In Gothic and Icelandic C is entirely wanting, being always represented by k. It is remarkable that the Anglo-Saxons have seldom made use of k; but, following the Latin, have preferred the use of c.
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the letter c is found as an initial, medial, and final. — As an initial letter it corresponds to the Gothic amd Icelandic k; as, — A. Sax. corn corn, Goth. karn, Icel. korn; A; Sax. ceósan to choose, Goth. kiusan, Icel. kjósa. As a

swát

(n.)
Grammar
swát, es; n. [The passages in which the gender is marked are doubtful. Ðæt swót. Lchdm. iii. 98, 17, occurs in a late MS.; ísen swát, ii. 296, 18, may be a compound; ða swát, iii. 72, 28, may be a mistake for spátl, v. ii. 56, 15. Dutch has a neuter, German and Scandinavian have masculines.]
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sweat, perspiration Seofoðe (the seventh of the constituents from which Adam was made) wæs deáwes pund, ðanon him (Adam ) becom swát, Salm. Kmbl. 180. 15. Suát, Rtl. 192, 17. His swát ( sudor ) wæs swylce blódes dropan, Lk. Skt. 22, 44. Of ealdum cláðum

Linked entry: swǽtan

wár

(n.)
Grammar
wár, I. sea-weed, waur (v. E. D. S. Pub. Plant Names, in which other forms are given, ware, woare, woore, ore : see also Jamieson's Dict.
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ware) Waar, uaar, uár alga, Txts. 39, 120. Wár. Wrt. Voc. ii. 6, 46: i. 285, 12. sand, strand. Cf. sondhyllas alga, Txts. 39, 125 Streámas weorpaþ on stealc hleoþa stáne and sande, wáre ( or under I ?) and wǽge, Exon. Th. 382, 8; Rä. 3, 8. Wára sablonum

Linked entries: wároþ sǽ-wár waar

horh

Grammar
horh, [The hor(g)-, hor(e)w- forms seem to belong to the same original nominative, but they are so far differentiated in meaning that they are taken separately.]
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Horh flegma, i. saliva, Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 38: flegma 35, 65. Nytta þára lǽcedóma þe þone horh of þám heáfde teó, Lch. ii. 282, 25. Þú forléte on þínne ondwlitan þá earman heora horh (spátl) spíwan, Angl. xii. 505, 13. Horh flegmata Wrt. Voc. ii. 108,

þætte

(con.)
Grammar
þætte, ( = þæt þe; cf. eác wæs ðæt ðe beforan ðæm temple stód ceác, Past. 16; Swt. 105, 1, and : Ðá wæs ꝥte scyttelas wurdan tóbrocene, Blickl. Homl. 87, 5. Þætte is used in the same way as þæt, q. v.); conj.
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That. introducing substantive clauses. where the clause is equivalent to a noun in the nominative, and stands as the subject of the verb in the main clause Cúþ is ꝥte Drihten fæstte, Blickl. Homl. 27, 23 : 87, 5. Wearð undyrne cúð, gyddum geómore, þætte

endleofan

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
endleofan, endlufon, endlyfun, inflected cases of endleof, endluf, endlyf [end = an one; unus; leof=lif, from lífan to leave; relinquĕre, Grm. ii. 947, or end = án one; lif ten; dĕcem; existing in Teutonic languages only in the words for 11 and 12; A. Sax. end-lif and twé-lf = twá-lf= twá-lif, Grm. Gsch. §246] ELEVEN ; undĕcim = ἕνδεκα
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Ósréd ðæt rice hæfde endleofan wintra Osred held the kingdom for eleven years, Bd. 5, 18; S. 635, 20. Mid híra endlufon sunum cum undecim filiis, Gen. 32, 22. Endleofan steorran eleven stars, Gen. 37, 9: Chr. 71; Th. 13, 3, col. 3

Linked entries: ændlefen ellefne

glengista

Grammar
glengista, The translator seems to have misunderstood the passage to mean: 'In order that thy diligence and genius may add somewhat to the knowledge of these things of mine.' In some way ingenium is represented by glengista. Could this word be the superlative of an adjective, glenge well-ordered, and the passage be completed ?þín] glengista [orþanc?]
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; cf. glengan; III

MID

(prep.)
Grammar
MID, (in Gloss. Ep. and Lindisfarne Gospels) mið; prep. with dat. acc. inst.

With ⬩ in conjunction with ⬩ in company with, along with ⬩ among ⬩ apud ⬩ penes ⬩ by ⬩ through ⬩ with ⬩ at ⬩ when ⬩ since ⬩ seeing that ⬩ cum

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With; at the root of the various meanings lies the idea of association, of being together. having very nearly the same force as and, Grammar MID, with dat. or inst. Hig lǽddon hí of ðære byrig mid eallumhire mágum ( Rahab et cunctum cognationem illius

Linked entry: mið

stefn

(n.)
Grammar
stefn, e; f. A summons, citation (in rád-stefn a summons carried by a mounted person. v. rád-stefn, where this meaning may be substituted for the one there given).

twín-wyrm

(n.)
Grammar
twín-wyrm, (twin- ?), es; m. The word glosses buprestis ( = βούπρηστις a poisonous beetle, which when eaten by cattle in the grass caused them to swell up), Wrt. Voc. i. 24, 35.

un-gemet

(adj.; adv.; prefix)
Grammar
un-gemet, Where the word seems to be used with an adjective or with an adverbial force, it is given, as in the case of ungemet-hleahtor, as part of a compound:
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Grff. ii. 898-9

þyrstan

(v.)
Grammar
þyrstan, p. te

To thirst

Entry preview:

To thirst. Grammar þyrstan, used impersonally, Grammar þyrstan, with acc. of person Mé þyrst (ic ðyrsto, Lind., Rush.) sitio, Jn. Skt. 19, 28. Ne þyrst ðone nǽfre ðe on mé gelýfð (se ðe giléfeð(-es, Lind.) on mec ne ðyrsteð(-es, Lind.) ǽfre, Rush.) qui

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