Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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licgan

Entry preview:

Swá swá ǽddran licgeað on ðæs mannes líchaman, swá licgaþ þás wæterǽddran geond ðás eorðan, Lch. iii. 254, 23. fig. of immaterial things, to exist, reside in some specified place or quarter, be placed in certain conditions Se wísdóm and eác óþre cræftas

bútan

(prep.; adv.)
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Hé hwearf æfter wegum ge búton geond þone wudu, Bl. H. 199, 13. without Hié him tó getióð ðæt, ðætte hié eáðe bútan bión meahton, Past. 293, 18. Ðás béc sceal hé néde habban, and hé ne mæg bútan beón, Ll. Th. ii. 350, 16.

híran

(v.)

to hear ⬩ to hear ⬩ to hear ⬩ to give ear ⬩ hearken ⬩ listen ⬩ To listen to ⬩ to obey ⬩ to obey ⬩ to obey ⬩ to be subject to ⬩ to serve ⬩ error ⬩ to belong to ⬩ authority ⬩ jurisdiction ⬩ of a due ⬩ privilege ⬩ occupation ⬩ office ⬩ hear of ⬩ be told

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'Nú þú lungre geong hord sceáwian'. . .þá ic gefrægn hine dryhtne hýran, B. 2754. to obey an order: Héred pareat (praecepto). Wrt. Voc. ii. 75, 48. Ealla gesceafta hýrað (heórsumiaþ. Bt. 4; F. 8, 8) þ ínre hǽse, Met. 4, 26.

dulmúnus

(n.)
Grammar
dulmúnus, gen. pl. dulmúna; m. The war-ship of the Greeks, which king Alfred assures us would hold a thousand men; longa nāvis. These ships were the μακρὰ πλοῖα or νῆες μακραί, generally called in Greek ὁ δρόμων, ωνος, m. the light war-vessel of the Greeks. They were the longæ nāves the long war-ships of the Romans, which had often more than fifty rowers. The Romans called their vessel drŏmo, ōnis, defining it as a fast rowing vessel, evidently deriving their word from the Greek δρόμων, Cod. Just. 1, 27, 1, § 8; Cassiod. Var. 5, 17, init. where it is described as 'trĭrēme vehĭcŭlum rēmōrum tantum nŭmĕrum prōdens, sed hŏmĭnum făcies dīlĭgenter abscondens.' Some suppose that Alfred derived his word dulmúnus from the Icel. drómundr, m. which Egilsson, in his Lexĭcon Poëtĭcum, Hafniæ, 8vo. 1860, explains 'nāves grandior, cūjus gĕnĕris tantum extra regiōnes septemtrionāles, ut in mări mediterrāneo, mentio fit,' S.E. i. 582, 3, Orkn. 82, 1, 3. Vigfusson, in his Icelandic-English Dictionary, 4to. Oxford, 1869-1874, in drómundr gives only the Latin and Greek, and O. H. Ger. drahemond as cognates. What Orosius, calls longas nāves, Alfred translates dulmúnus in Anglo-Saxon. As we read in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of A.D. 897; Th. i. 174, 4, Hét Ælfréd cyng timþrian lang-scipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long-ships against-, those ships, v. ÆSC IV.-Alfred, in his translation of Orosius, says
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Ǽr he [Ercol] ongan mid Creáca scypum, ðe mon dulmúnus hǽt, ðe man segþ ðæt in scip mǽge in þúsend manna before he [Hercules] began with Grecian ships, which are called dulmunus, of which it is said that one ship can hold a thousand men, Ors. 1, 10; Bos

þes

(pronoun.)
Grammar
þes, þæs; m.: þeós, þiós, þiús; f.: þis, þiss, þys; n. demons. pron. This
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Ne þyses lǽnan welan, ne þyssa eorþlícra geofa, 21, 11. On ðissum andweardan dæge, 171, 3: Cd. Th. 271, 27; Sat. 111. Ðeossum, 271, 20; Sat. 108. Þysum, Hy. 3, 53. Be þisse ondweardan tíde, Blickl. Homl. 15, 4. Þeosne andweardan dæg, Homl.

Linked entries: þás þis

gód

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Ne gód hafoc geond sæl swingeð, B. 2263. of persons, as a term of indefinite commendation Higeláces þegn gód mid Geátum, sé wæs moncynnes mægenes strengest, æðele and eácen, B. 199. Hér líð úre ealdor . . . gód on greóte, By. 315.

weorc

(n.; adv.)
Grammar
weorc, es; n.

Work ⬩ opus. ⬩ work ⬩ operative action ⬩ operation ⬩ working ⬩ doing ⬩ performance ⬩ work ⬩ doings ⬩ actions ⬩ what a person does ⬩ what happens ⬩ work ⬩ labour ⬩ occupation ⬩ employment ⬩ any form of long-sustained or habitual activity ⬩ a particular act of labour ⬩ workmanship ⬩ a work ⬩ deed ⬩ any action ⬩ of action that gives affect to anything ⬩ a work, ⬩ what is wrought ⬩ a strong building, ⬩ fortress ⬩ work, ⬩ what is done, ⬩ effect produced ⬩ pain, ⬩ travail, ⬩ grief, ⬩ the instrumental or dative is used in the phrase weorce wesan with the dative of the person — to be painful to a person

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Dǽdum georn, wís in weorcum 185, 7 ; Az. 4: 159, 4; Gú. 921. Weorcum fáh Elen. Kmbl. 2484; El. 1246. Mid ælmessan and mid mildheortum weorcum Blickl. Homl. 37, 19 : 73, 16. Leánigean æfter his weorcum and dǽdum 123, 34.

Linked entries: weorce weorc-sum werc

winnan

(v.)
Grammar
winnan, p. wann , pl. wunnon; pp. wunnen.

intrans ⬩ to labour ⬩ toil ⬩ work ⬩ to labour, endeavour, strive after ⬩ to labour, struggle, be troubled ⬩ to labour under, suffer from ⬩ to strive, contend, fight ⬩ of hostile action towards a person ⬩ of competition ⬩ of opposition to things ⬩ of the action of inanimate objects ⬩ to make war ⬩ fight ⬩ of the action of inanimate objects ⬩ with cognate accusative ⬩ to win ⬩ make one's way ⬩ trans ⬩ to labour at ⬩ bestow labour upon ⬩ to labour under ⬩ suffer ⬩ undergo ⬩ to win ⬩ get ⬩ attain

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Jamieson's Dictionary), make one's way Hwæt is ðæt wundor, ðæt geond ðás woruld fareþ... winneþ oft hider ? Salm. Kmbl. 568; Sal. 283. trans. to labour at, bestow labour upon Ic wann wununise mín laboravi habitationem meam, Rtl. 68, 28.

Linked entry: on-winnende

teón

(v.)
Grammar
teón, (from teóhan); p. teáh, pl. tugon; pp. togen, tigen (v. of-teón)
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Valerianus hét teón Ypolitum geond ðornas and brémelas, Homl. Th. i. 432, 34: Blickl. Homl. 241, 21.

Linked entries: tiht forþ-teón for-teáh for-teón fram-a-teón be-teón on-tyge

ge-healdan

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Past. 439, 13. to keep within bounds, prevent excess; gehealden modest; continent, chaste Mid þám wunode án mǽden mǽrlíce drohtnigende geond feówertig geára fec fægre gehealden, Hml. S. 3, 469. Hyge sceal gehealden, hond gewealden, Gn.

gán

to go ⬩ walk ⬩ to move along, proceed ⬩ to take a specified course ⬩ to be guided ⬩ determined ⬩ to be habitually in a specified condition ⬩ to go ⬩ be pregnant ⬩ to pass, elapse ⬩ to happen, come to pass, take place ⬩ to pass, be current ⬩ to be accepted ⬩ to have a specified issue ⬩ turn out so and so ⬩ to move away, depart ⬩ to relinquish ⬩ to take one's way, proceed ⬩ go ⬩ move in a specified direction ⬩ go ⬩ and ⬩ to apply ⬩ betake oneself ⬩ to turn ⬩ betake oneself ⬩ go ⬩ to be carried, moved, impelled ⬩ to pass, be paid, be allotted ⬩ to be appropriated ⬩ to be one of the constituent elements ⬩ be amongst the conditions requisite ⬩ to amount, be equivalent ⬩ to attain, reach, extend ⬩ to come ⬩ to take precedence of. ⬩ to produce, came out with ⬩ to accompany, be with ⬩ to be uttered ⬩ to begin, start ⬩ to go to the closet, have an evacuation ⬩ to leave a permanent habitation ⬩ occupation ⬩ to proceed to the business of a court

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Geond ealle eorþan gǽþ heora swég. Bl. H. 133, 34. Suá suá healt monn oððe untrum, hwílum hié gáð, hwílum hié restað, Past. 67, 11. Ðá eóde hé furþor, Bt. 35, 6; F. 108, 23, 28. Þæt feórðe cyn fyrmest eóde, wód on wǽgstreám, Exod. 310.

lǽtan

(v.)
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Se cyng lét tóscyfton þone here geond eall þis land, Chr. 1085; P. 216, 1. Lǽt inc geséman, Past. 349, 12. in the imperative as an auxiliary Lǽt gán ðín eágean beforan ðínum fótum palpebrae tuae praecedant gressus tuos Past. 287, 12.

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
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Símón wearþ fǽringa geong cniht, and sóna eft eald man . . . þá Nerón ꝥ geseah, Bl. H. 175, 6. Hí mín sylfes weorc gesáwon mid eágum, Ps. Th. 94, 9. Geségon, Cri. 1154. Hí ꝥ oncnáwan ne mihton ꝥ hié þǽr gesáwon, Bl. H. 105, 29.

hwá

Entry preview:

Cf. (7 c) :-- Sé ðe ł suá cnuá ðec genédes . . . geong mið him, Mt. L. 5, 41. where eal qualifies the indefinite form.

ge-weorþan

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Hú mihte ǽfre englum mára gefeá and geofu and blis geweorþan, oþþe mannum mára weorðmynd þonne him on þyssum dæge gewearþ?, Bl. H. 123, 13-15.

MID

(prep.)
Grammar
MID, (in Gloss. Ep. and Lindisfarne Gospels) mið; prep. with dat. acc. inst.

With ⬩ in conjunction with ⬩ in company with, along with ⬩ among ⬩ apud ⬩ penes ⬩ by ⬩ through ⬩ with ⬩ at ⬩ when ⬩ since ⬩ seeing that ⬩ cum

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Geond ðone ofen eodon and se engel mid, Cd. 191; Th. 238, 14; Dan. 354. Ðæt wæs Satane and his gesíðum mid, Exon. 30 a; Th. 93, 7; Cri. 1522. Ǽlc ðara ðe mid stande every one that stands by (assists) him, L. Ath. i. 1; Th. i. 200, 3

Linked entry: mið

án

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)
Entry preview:

Nis hit ꝥ án ꝥ him ánum þǽm apostolum wǽre geofu seald, Bl. H. 137, 10. Gif gé ðá áne lufiað þe eów lufiað, Hml. Th. ii. 216, 20. &para;; Mid þínes ánes geþeahte, Bt. 33, 4; F. 128, 20. with a preceding noun Nán gesceaft búton se man ána, Hml.

weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
weorþan, (wurþan, wyrþan); p. wearþ, pl. wurdon; pp. worden.
Entry preview:

Th. 5045; B. 2526. to become, be made, be, with predicative substantive Ða hwíle ðe hé ðǽr stód, hé wearþ fǽringa geong cniht, and sóna eft eald man, Blickl. Homl. 175, 2.

in

(prep.)
Grammar
in, prep.
Entry preview:

Gleáw in geþance, El. 807. of substantive to a certain sphere Geofu in godcundum mægne, Gú. 501. Dǽl in godcundum gǽstgerýnum, 219. temporal, within the limits of a period or space of time In foreweardum Danieles dagum, Chr. 709; P. 40, 25.

wiþ

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
wiþ, prep. (adv. conj. ).

towards ⬩ to ⬩ in the direction of ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite to ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ by ⬩ near ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ unto ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ on ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite ⬩ against ⬩ in the way of ⬩ with. ⬩ with ⬩ part with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ in return for ⬩ as payment for ⬩ for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ for ⬩ in exchange for ⬩ for ⬩ for ⬩ in reward of ⬩ in return for ⬩ in answer to ⬩ for ⬩ as compensation for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ in return for ⬩ on condition of ⬩ against ⬩ against ⬩ as a set-off ⬩ by the side of ⬩ compared with ⬩ in contrast with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to. ⬩ with ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ in opposition to. ⬩ with ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ by, ⬩ at ⬩ by ⬩ against ⬩ at ⬩ unto ⬩ with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to weigh one thing with or against another ⬩ in comparison with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with a person ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ with ⬩ in respect to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ to. ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ against ⬩ by ⬩ through, ⬩ to rest on the arm ⬩ till. ⬩ till ⬩ to ⬩ until

Entry preview:

Nǽre ðeós blis ðe gelícre ðære écean myrhðe, ðonne bið ðam menn ðe sit on cwearterne, wið ðam menn ðe færð frig geond land, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 109.

Linked entries: wiþ-faran wiþ-feohtan wiþ-ferian wiþ-fón wiþ-gán wiþ-lǽdan wiþ-standan

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