Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

steór

(n.)
Grammar
steór, and stýr, e; f.
Entry preview:

Th. 101, 17; Gen. 1683. punishment, penalty Ic habbe gecoren hwæt seó steór beón mǽge gif ǽnig man andbyrdnysse beginþ, L. Edg. S. 14; Th. i. 276, 31. Oft gé in gestalum stondaþ, ðæs cymeþ steór of heofonum, Exon. Th. 132, 32; Gú. 481.

teohhian

(v.)
Grammar
teohhian, teohchian, teohgian, tihhian, teohian, teochian, tihian; p. ode.
Entry preview:

MS.) ðæt him sié betst ... ðonne hé ðæt begiten hæfþ ðonne tihhaþ hé ðæt hé mǽge beón swíðe gesǽlig quod quisque prae ceteris petit, id summum esse judicat bonum ... beatum esse judicat statum, quem prae ceteris quisque desiderat, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 84, 11

Linked entries: tihian tyhhian fore-geteohhian

weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
weorpan, (wurpan, wyrpan); p. wearp, pl. wurpon; pp. worpen.
Entry preview:

Sceal se ðe hine áh weorpan hine tó handa hláforde and mǽgum, L.

Linked entries: worpian wurpan

tó-sceádan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-sceádan, -scádan; p. -scéd, -sceád (in the Northern Gospels weak forms are found, and -sceádde occurs in Bede); pp. -sceáden.

to divide in two, ⬩ separate one thing from another ⬩ to divide into parties ⬩ cause division ⬩ dissension among ⬩ to separate contending parties or claims ⬩ judge, ⬩ decide between ⬩ to make a distinction between things ⬩ to distinguish ⬩ treat or regard differently ⬩ to separate one thing from another with the mind, ⬩ to discern, ⬩ distinguish, ⬩ discriminate ⬩ to separate things from one another, ⬩ to order, ⬩ dispose, ⬩ appoint ⬩ to separate the parts of a confused whole, ⬩ to expound, ⬩ interpret, ⬩ render intelligible ⬩ to discuss ⬩ to send in different directions, ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ To be separated, ⬩ to differ

Entry preview:

Se ðe gesceádwísnesse hæfþ, se mæg tósceádan hwæt hé wilnian sceal and hwæt hé onscunian sceal, 40, 7; Fox 242, 18: Shrn. 167, 4. Tósceádan discriminare, Wrt. Voc. ii. 141, 2.

Linked entries: sceádan tó-gesceádan tó-scádan

self

(pronoun.)
Grammar
self, seolf, silf, sylf; pron. <b>A.</b>
Entry preview:

Ðone sylf ne mæg man áspyrigean man left to himself cannot investigate it, Elen. Kmbl. 930; El. 466. B. (the) same, with a demonstrative Ðú eart se sylfa God ðe ús ádrife fram dóme, Ps. Th. 107, 10.

Linked entries: seolf silf siolf sylf

weorþian

(v.)
Grammar
weorþian, wurþian, wyrþian; p. ode.
Entry preview:

Ðá cwæþ ic: Ne mæg nǽnne mon ðæs tweógan, ðætte anweald and geniht is tó weorþianne, Bt. 33, I; Fox 120, 22-25. Ðæs engles mægen and his wundor ðǽr ðonne weorðod bið and oftost æteówed, Blickl.

Linked entries: a-wyrþian wyrþian

ge-sceaft

(n.)
Grammar
ge-sceaft, -scæft, -sceft, e; f: es; n.

the creation, a created being or thing, creature, an element ⬩ creātio, creātūra, plasma, ĕlĕmentum ⬩ a decree, destiny, fate, condition ⬩ destĭnāta, sors, fātum, condĭtio ⬩ creation, creature ⬩ decree of fate ⬩ creatura, elementum, habitus, fatum

Entry preview:

the creation, a created being or thing, creature, an element; creātio, creātūra, plasma, ĕlĕmentum Eall ðeós mǽre gesceaft all this great creation, Rood Kmbl. 24; Kr. 12: 162; Kr. 82: Salm. Kmbl. 60; Sal. 30. Gesceaft plasma, Ælfc.

Linked entries: ge-dælan ge-scæft ge-sceft

hopian

(v.)
Entry preview:

</b> with clause, to hope that :-- Ic hopige ꝥ cherubin se mǽra æt wesan wylle, Angl. viii. 325, 30. <b>IV b.

nemnan

(v.)
Grammar
nemnan, nemnian; p. nemde.

to name ⬩ give a name to a person or thing ⬩ to use such and such a name or title in speaking of a person or thing ⬩ to call upon the name of ⬩ address by name ⬩ to invoke ⬩ to mention by name ⬩ to mention ⬩ relate ⬩ to name ⬩ nominate

Entry preview:

Sege hwæt ic þence, nemn gif ðú hit gereccean mǽge, Blickl. Honal. 181, 14. Mágun wé nemnan we can tell, Exon. Th. 107, 25; Gú. 64. Ðeáh ðe ic hý níhst nemnan sceolde though I should mention their names last, 326, 10; Víd. 126.

Linked entries: a-nemnan namnian

singan

(v.)
Grammar
singan, p. sang, song, pl. sungon ; pp. sungen
Entry preview:

Mǽw singende, Exon. Th. 307, 11 ; Seef. 22. of inanimate resonant objects Ic þurh múþ sprece, wrencum singe, Exon. Th. 390, 15 ; Rä. 9, 2. Wiht is wrætlíc, singeþ þurh sídan, 483, 13 ; Rä. 69, 2.

ge-samnian

(v.)
Entry preview:

R. 13, 14. non-material, to accumulate crimes, heap up damnation Hæfdon hié wróhtgetéme wið God gesomnod, Gen. 46. β to concentrate thought :-- Gesamnige hé, swá hé swíðost mæge, ealle tó þám ánum his ingeþonc.

ge-faran

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hwá mæg ðonne ǽhta oððe anwaldes wilnian bútan plió, nú sé swelc plioh ðǽron gefór, sé ðe his nó ne wilnode quis ergo opes, quis potestatem quaerat innoxie, si et illi extiterunt noxia, qui haec habuit non quaerita?, Past. 393, 9.

hwǽr

Entry preview:

Wundur hwár þonne eorl ellenróf ende gefére lífgesceafta, þonne leng ne mæg mon mid his mágum meduseld búan.

bunda

(n.)
Grammar
bunda, bonda, an; m.

a wedded or married man, a husband ⬩ maritus, sponsus ⬩ the father or head of a family, a householder ⬩ paterfamilias, œconomus ⬩ wedlock, marriage, ⬩ lawfully born, born in wedlock ⬩ wedlock breaker, an adulterer ⬩ marriage-fast-man, a wedded man, a husband: ⬩ to wed, take a wife ⬩ a wedded man, husband, householder ⬩ one wedded or bound, a husband ⬩ to bind ⬩ person ⬩ agent ⬩ a hammer ⬩ a hammerer ⬩ rule, government, ⬩ a ruler, governor ⬩ bound ⬩ one bound, a husband

Entry preview:

a wedded or married man, a husband; maritus, sponsus Ne mæg nán wíf hire bondan [bundan MS.

Linked entry: bonda

hám

Entry preview:

Ic hire beád gymmas . . . and mǽre gebytlu, hámas and hýred, Hml. S. 8, 37. a place that used to be a person's home Gif man mægð gebigeð . . . gif hit fácne is, eft æt hám gebrenge, Ll. Th. i. 22, 2: 10, 8. in connexion with marriage, v. VII.

cwealm

(n.)
Grammar
cwealm, cwélm , es; m. n. [cwelan to die]

Death, destruction, a violent death, slaughter, murder, torment, plague, pestilence, contagion ⬩ QUALM; mors, pernicies, nex, cædes, homicidium, cruciatus, lues, pestis, pestilentia, contagium

Entry preview:

Cwealma mǽst the greatest of torments, hell, Exon. 31b; Th. 99, 20; Cri. 1627. Micel cwealm wearþ ðæs folces the mortality of the people was great, Homl. Th. ii. 122, 18. Cwealm pestilentia vel contagium vel lues, Ælfc. Gl. 9; Som. 57, 8; Wrt.

Linked entries: cwælm cwelm cwylm

síþ-fæt

(n.)
Grammar
síþ-fæt, es ;
Entry preview:

Ðá wæs æfter síþfate ðæt mægen on him weóx in course of time it came to pass that strength grew in him, Guthl. 2 ; Gdwin. 12, 25

Linked entry: fæt

þweorh

(adj.)
Grammar
þweorh, þwerh, þwyrh; adj.

crooked ⬩ cross ⬩ adverse ⬩ opposed ⬩ cross ⬩ angry ⬩ bitter ⬩ perverse ⬩ wrong ⬩ evil ⬩ depraved ⬩ froward ⬩ wrongly ⬩ evilly

Entry preview:

Hé ongeat ðæt hé hæfde on ðweorh gedón, ðæt seó mǽgþ wæs bútan biscope, Bd. 3, 7; S. 530, 22. Ðonne hig eów tela tǽcean, and him sylf on ðweorh dóð, L. E. I. 21; Th. ii. 418, 7. Hié on þweorh sprecaþ, Cd. Th. 145, 30; Gen. 2413

Linked entries: hwarum þweora þweorian þweor-líc þweorlíce þweorness þweor-tíme þwer

worn

(n.)
Grammar
worn, weorn, es; m.

A swarm ⬩ band ⬩ Jlock ⬩ crowd ⬩ multitude ⬩ many ⬩ a great number ⬩ a great quantity ⬩ much ⬩ many

Entry preview:

Mægen wérge monna cynnes wornum hweorfaþ on wídne leg. Exon. Th. 59, 25; Cri. 958. Grammar worn, with gen. pl. Wæs ðér worn (grex) swína michil, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 5, ii. 13. Ðǽr witena biþ worn ætsomne, 295, 35; Crä. 43 : Salm.

Linked entry: weorn

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