Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor rex, imperator a spiritual King, God, Christ Deus, Christusthe devildiabŏlus, satănas Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words the king took a corresponding oath to his peoplethe Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors of all forfeits the king had one halfall hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Pastus or ConviviumThe king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges Vigilia head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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Swá swýde nearwe-líce he hit lett út aspyrian, ðæt næs án ǽlpig híde, ne án gyrde landes, ne, furðon, hit is sceame to tellanne, ac hit ne þuhte him nán sceame to dónne, án oxa [MS. oxe], ne án cú, ne án swín næs belyfon, ðæt næs gesæt on his gewrite,

tellan

(v.; prep.)
Grammar
tellan, p. tealde; pp. teald: also forms as from telian occur: ic telge, hí teliaþ; p. telede; p. teled.
Entry preview:

Telle hé ðæt Gode, næs him sylfum, L. E. I. 21; Th. ii. 416, 18.

un-cúþ

(adj.)
Grammar
un-cúþ, adj.

Unknownincognitusunknownstrangeunknownnot understoodunknownuncertainungentleunkindhostileharshunfriendly

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Nis ðæs nán tweó. Ac ic wolde nú ðæt ðú mé sǽdest hwæthwegu uncúþes, Bt. 34, 6; Fox 142, 24: Beo. Th. 1757; B. 876. Ne fyligeaþ hig uncúþum ( alienum ), for ðam ðe hig ne gecneówun uncúðra (alienorum ) stefne, Jn. Skt. 10, 5.

Linked entry: un-cúþlíce

un-trum

(adj.)
Grammar
un-trum, adj.

Weaksickillinfirm

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Næs ðæra leóda ǽnig untrum non erat in tribubus eorum infirmus, Ps. Th. 104, 32. Þeówa untrum servus male habens, Lk. Skt. 7, 2. Se ðe ǽr untrum wæs qui languerat, 7, 10. Ðá wearð hé untrum on feforádle, Blickl. Homl. 217, 25.

ge-sundfulnes

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For nánum ungelimpum, ne eft on nánum gesundfulnyssum, Hml. Th. ii. 92, 29: 31. <b>II a.</b> abundance :-- Of gesuiidfulnesse saturitate, Kent. Gl. 34

Sol-mónaþ

(n.)
Grammar
Sol-mónaþ, es; m.

February placenta panibus sol sun mire spurcalia

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The old name for February Ðonne se Sol-mónaþ biþ geendod, ðonne biþ seó niht feówertýne tída lang and se dæg týn tída Shrn. 59, 2. Solmónaþ sígeþ tó túne Februarius Menol. Fox 31; Men. 16. [The first part of the compound is of doubtful meaning.

Linked entries: Februarius sol

ge-mynd

(n.)
Grammar
ge-mynd, es; n: e; f.

Mind, memory, memorial, memento, remembrance, commemorationremembrance

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In gemyndum to habbanne to be had in mind, Nar. 4, 9: 2, 8

síþ-fæt

(n.)
Grammar
síþ-fæt, es ;
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Ðá forléton wé ða frécnan wegas and síþfato, Nar. 17, 13. fig. a way, path, course Síþfæt árleásra losaþ iter impiorum peribit, Ps. Spl. 1, 7. Gerece mé on síþfæte ( semita ) rihtum, 26, 17. Gesundfull (gesundne, Ps.

Linked entry: fæt

leás

(adj.)
Grammar
leás, adj.

loosedestitutevoid ofwithoutvainfalselyingdeceitfuldeceptivefaulty

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Nágenáne þearfe ðæt wé ðyses weorþan leáse ac utan dón swá ús þearf is gelǽstan hit georne we have no need to fail in this; but let us do, as there is need for us, diligently perform it, Wulfst. 38, 13. vain, false, lying, deceitful, deceptive, faulty

Linked entry: -leás

scínan

(v.)
Grammar
scínan, p. scán, sceán
Entry preview:

Se nama se ðe mid him swá lange sceán and bryhte nomen quod apud eos tam diu claruerat , Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 39: 3, 13; ' S. 538, 39.

un-gearu

(adj.)
Grammar
un-gearu, adj.

not readynot promptindisposed to actnot readynot in a fit state for useuncultivatednot ready, not prepared for attack

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not ready, not prompt, indisposed to act Se sixta leahter is accidia geháten, ðæt is slǽwð on Englisc, ðonne ðam menn ne lyst nán gód dón and hé bið ǽfre ungearu tó ǽlcere duguðe, Homl. Skt. i. 16, 299. [Ungearu to elchere duȝeðe, O. E.

wyrm

(n.)
Grammar
wyrm, wurm, weorm, es; m.

a reptileserpenta creeping insecta worm

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Ne wirce gé eów náne andlícnissa wurmes ne fisces (reptilium sive piscium), Deut. 4, 18. Hé wyrm ácwealde, hordes hyrde ... Ðæt swurd þurhwód wyrm ... draca morðre swealt, Beo. Th. 1777-1789; B. 886-892. Wyrmas reptilia, Blickl. G1.

Linked entries: weorm wurm

yfelian

(v.)
Grammar
yfelian, p. ode.
Entry preview:

Hí ðara nánne yflian noldan ðe tó ðæm Godes húse óðflugon, Ors. 2, 8; Swt. 94, 8: Nar. 25, 27. Ða ðe willaþ Godes cyricean yfelian and strúdan, Blickl.

be-werian

(v.)

prohibitforbidto protectdefend

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Nán bróðor ne gedyrstlǽce þæt hé óþerne mid wordum bewerige (defendere), R. Ben. 119, 5. His ágenne rǽd tó bewerigenne, 15, 13.

ge-síne

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., and add: of material objects, visible, to be seen Þ mon þǽre cyrcean flór emlíce gewyrce, ꝥ þǽr nán byrgen gesýne ne sý, Ll. Th. ii. 408, 13. Geséne wére hine cuæð uidendum se dicit, Jn. p. 7, 14. Ceastra beóð feorran gesýne, Gn. C.

lícettan

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Hé lícet mildheortnesse ðǽr ðǽr nán ne bið, Past. 220. 23. Tó ðǽm móde ðe innan bið gnornigende and útan lícet geðyld menti interius dolenti, et sanctam se exterius per patientiam demonstranti, 225, 11.

BÚGAN

(v.)
Grammar
BÚGAN, part. búgende; ic búge, ðu búgest, býhst, býgst, he búgeþ, býhþ, býgþ; p. ic, he beág, beáh, ðú buge, pl. bugon; imp. búg, búh; pp. bogen; v. intrans.

To BOW or bow down oneself, bend, swerve, give way, submit, yield, turn, turn away, fleese flectere vel inclinare, curvare, declinare, desistere, cedere, vertere, divertere, fugere

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To BOW or bow down oneself, bend, swerve, give way, submit, yield, turn, turn away, flee; se flectere vel inclinare, curvare, declinare, desistere, cedere, vertere, divertere, fugere Hí noldon búgan to nánum deófolgilde they would not bow down to any

Linked entries: beág beáh

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
  • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
  • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

ge-híran

(v.)
Entry preview:

Diórwyrþra hrægla hí ne girndan . . . ne hió nánwuht ne gehérdon . . . ne gehérde nán mon þá get nánne sciphere, ne furþon ymbe nán gefeoht sprecan, Bt. 15 ; F. 48, 5-15. Hú mihte þæt gewyrðan þæt þú ne gehýrde Hǽlendes miht?, An. 574.

hyspan

(v.)
Grammar
hyspan, p. te

To mockscorntauntrevileinsultreproach

Entry preview:

Ðæt hyspen ut non insultent, Blickl. Gl. Hyspan exprobrare, Mt. Kmbl. 11, 20. Ongan hine hyspan and hearmcwiddigan, Bt. 18, 4; Fox 66. 33 : Andr. Kmbl. 1341; An. 671. Fram stemne hyspendes a voce exprobrantis, Ps. Spl. 43, 18.

Linked entries: hypsan hyspend hispan