Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

on-wendan

(v.)

to turn, changeto change one thing for another, to exchangeto turn, change a direction, to avert, divert, turn asideto change the position of a thing, to invert, turn upside down,to subvert, disturb, upsetto cause to change for the worse, to give a wrong direction, pervertTo return

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Beorht wǽron burgræced ... meodoheall monig mandreáma full óþ ðæt ðæt onwende wyrd seó swíðe until fate wrought disastrous change, Exon. Th. 477, 15; Ruin. 25. Drync unheórne, se onwende gewit wera, Andr. Kmbl. 69; An. 35.

on

(prep.)
Grammar
on, an ; prep. adv. A.

expressing local relations, rest upon and contact with an object, ondependence upon an objectextension over a surfacenearnessin or at a place, or with a personrest where one object is contained in another, or is surrounded by others, within, among; and metaphorically inmarking the seat of feeling, thought, etc., in, within, at on, at, in within, in the course of, in, during on, a-fromon, in, at by, with of, consisting of or inin respect to, in the matter of, inin, ofat (a distance), of (the weight of),with, inin accordance withofinmotion, actual or figurative, which is external to the object expressed by the word which on governs, upon, on, on to, tomarking motion from without to the inside, into, among continuously, together, anon, at once expressing temporal relations,on, in, atinto (one's power, etc. )against in accordance withmarking the object of thought, emotion, speech, trust, sightmarking pricein (the name of), by (in adjuration)

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Beorht on blǽdum, Cd. Th. 247, 20; Dan. 500. marking state, condition, occupation,in, of Heora líc biþ on marmorstánes hwítnysse, Nar. 38, 9.

Linked entries: an un-reordian

wolcen

(n.)
Grammar
wolcen, wolcn (wolc), es;n. : also wolcne, an; f.

A cloudthe cloudsthe heavensthe skythe clouds of nightunder heavenon earthskywelkin

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Beorht wolcn (wolcen, Lind. : wolken, Rush. ) nubes lucida. Mt. Kmbl. 17, 5. Blódig wolcen, Blickl. Homl. 91, 32. Wan wolcen. Met. 5, 4. Windig wolcen, Exon. Th. 201, 24; Ph. 61. Se ðe him ǽlc wolcn ondrǽdt. . . .

grétan

(v.)
Grammar
grétan, to greet.
Entry preview:

D. i. 279, 15. the subject an animal Gif him þince ꝥ hé hundas geseó and hí hine grétan, beorge him wið his fýnd, Lch. iii. 172, 21. the subject a thing that has a painful or destructive effect Hwílum cnysseþ ꝥ sár on þá rib ... hwílum becymð on þá

ge-wyrcan

(v.)
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Ne mæg tréuo gód wæstmas yfle gewyrca (beoran ł wyrcende, R., facere ), ne tré yfle góda wæstma gewyrce (beoran, R.), Mt.

losian

(v.)
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beorna reáf manige méteð, þǽr hit mannum losað invenit spolia multa. Ps. Th. 118, 162. Eall heora ǽhta losodon, Hml. S. 30, 151.

geond

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Geond þá burh bodad beorne manegum, An. 1122. Cúð is wíde geond middangeard ꝥ . . ., Gú. 508. Ꝥ wé úre gesibsumnesse healdon gynd ealne mínne anweald, Ll. Th. i. 246, 23: 270, 10. among people Ic geond þeóde ( inter gentes ) sealmas singe, Ps.

LǼDAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼDAN, p. de; pp. lǽded, lǽd

TO LEADconducttakecarrybringbring forthproduce

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Wæstme tydraþ ealle ða on Libanes lǽdaþ [MS. lǽdeþ] on beorge cwice cederbeámas ða ðú sylfa gesettest cedri Libani quas plantasti, Ps. Th. 103, 16.

Linked entry: be-lǽdan

út

(adv.)
Grammar
út, adv.

outbeyond the bounds within which a thing is enclosedout on an expeditionoutoutoutoutforthto knock outpull outoutaway from homeabroadoutaway from landoutoutsidenot within doorsnot in the houseabroadoutexternally

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Geseah streám út ðonan brecan of beorge, Beo. Th. 5084; B. 2545. Ðætte seó wǽte út fleówe, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 1. Hí of mínre sídan swát út guton (gotun, MS.), Exon. Th. 88, 33; Cri. 1449. Cleopaþ se alda út of belle, Cd.

wunian

(v.)
Grammar
wunian, p. ode

To dwellremainto dwellabidestayremainliveto inhabit a place, live in or onto live, be in certain conditions or circumstances,to abidebe present with a person to comfort or helpto berestresideremainoccupy a positionto consist of or in,subsist, existto remainlastcontinueendureto be wont

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Beorh wunode on wonge, Beo. Th. 4476; B. 2242. Se monlíca stille wunode, ðǽr hié begeat wíte, Cd. Th. 155, 3; Gen. 2567. Egesa on hreóstum wunode, 173, 24; Gen. 2866. Treów on ðé wunade, Exon. Th. 6, 12; Cri. 83: 126, 4; Gú. 366.

Linked entries: wunung wynian

under

(prep.)
Grammar
under, prep. adv.

Underunderat the foot ofunderwithinamongbelowbeneathdown

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Cwom Wealhþeów gán under gyldnum beáge, 2330; B. 1163. where one object is at the lower part of another, under, at the foot of Wæs bát under beorge, Beo. Th. 427; B. 211. Ðá com of móre under misthleoþum Grendel gongan, 1425; B. 711.

Linked entries: Middel-Seaxe þúsend

wrecan

(v.)
Grammar
wrecan, p. wræc, pl.wrǽcon; pp.wrecen

To drivepressto driveforce to moveto drive outexpelto drive outto expressutterreciteto drive inimpressinlayto drivepractisecarry outonto drivepress onto wreakto punishto punishto punishto punishto avengeto avengeto avengeto avengeto avengeto take vengeance (on)

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Ðæt beorna gehwylc Byrhtnóð wrǽce, Byrht. Th. 139, 21 ; By. 257. Se ðe þeóf wrecan wille, and nánne man ne gewundige, L. Ath. i. 6 ; Th. i. 202, 20: 20; Th. i. 210, 10: v. 1, 5; Th. i. 230, 10.

heáfod

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On ðam beorge ðat hit sticað on cheotoles heáfde, 434, 14. Tó dúnan heáfde; ðæt tó Hunes cnolle, v. 313, 13. Æt Biédan heáfde, Chr. 675 ; P. 34, 28. the upper end of that which is, or is thought of as, sloping. of land. Cf. æt ðas akeres úpende, C.

sum

(adj.; pronoun.)
Grammar
sum, indef. prn.
Entry preview:

Ðé wile beorna sum him geágnian, 109, 26; Gen. 1828. Ðæt is wundra sum ðara ðe geworhte wuldres aldor, 155, 14; Gen. 2572: 199, 28; Exod. 345: 200, 15; Exod. 357. Wæs Seón sum ðara kynincga, Ps. Th. 134, 11.

Linked entry: ÁN

hálig

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On hálgum beorge in monte sancto, Ps. Th. 98, 10. On háligre stówe, Mt. 24, 15. On þá hálgan ceastre, 4, 5. On ꝥ hálige templ, Bl. H. 71, 17. Hálig tiber, Exod. 415. Hálige dagas kalendae, Wrt. Voc. i. 53, 35. Húslfatu hálegu, Dan. 705.

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, Past. 133, 3. in direct exclamations Hú beorht O! preclara, An. Ox. 1266. Hú (hú swíðe, R., L.) beó ic geþreád, Lk. 12, 50. Efne hú glædlic bið and gód swylce ecce quam bonum et quam jucundum, Ps. Th. 132, 1: Bt. 16, 2; F. 52, 3.

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor rex, imperator a spiritual King, God, Christ Deus, Christusthe devildiabŏlus, satănas Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words the king took a corresponding oath to his peoplethe Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors of all forfeits the king had one halfall hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Pastus or ConviviumThe king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges Vigilia head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Hí on beorg dydon bégas [MS. beg] and siglu, forléton eorla gestreón eorþan healdan,

Brunan burh

(n.)
Grammar
Brunan burh, gen. Brunan burge; dat. Brunan byrig; f.

Brunanburh, about five miles south-west of Durham, or on the plain between the river Tyne and the Browney,

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D. 937, Æðelstán cing, Athelstan king, eorla drihten, of earls the lord, beorna beág-gifa, of barons the bracelet-[beigh-] giver, and his bróðor eác, and his brother also [eke], Eádmund æðeling, Edmund the prince [etheling], ealdor langne tír elders a

weorc

(n.; adv.)
Grammar
weorc, es; n.

Work opus.workoperative actionoperationworkingdoingperformanceworkdoingsactionswhat a person does what happens worklabouroccupationemploymentany form of long-sustained or habitual activitya particular act of labourworkmanshipa workdeedany actionof action that gives affect to anythinga work, what is wroughta strong building, fortresswork, what is done, effect producedpain, travail, grief,the instrumental or dative is used in the phrase weorce wesan with the dative of the person — to be painful to a person

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Com God wera weorc sceáwigan, beorna burhfæsten and ðæt beácen somod Cd. Th. 101, 9; Gen. 1679. Se wealdend ðe ðæt weorc (the universe) staðolade Andr. Kmbl. 1598 ; An. 800 : Exon. Th. 43, 19; Cri. 691.

Linked entries: weorce weorc-sum werc

þing

(n.)
Grammar
þing, es; n.
Entry preview:

Hé náne þinga beór ne drince, Lchdm. ii. 88, 11. Nǽnig þinga, L. E. I. 21; Th. ii. 406, 21. Nǽnige ðinga nequaquam, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 23: 5, 6; S. 619, 8: nullatenus, 1, 27; S. 495, 20. Hié nǽnige þinga ongeán lócian ne mihton, Blickl.