Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

gán

to gowalkto move along, proceedto take a specified course to be guideddeterminedto be habitually in a specified conditionto gobe pregnantto pass, elapseto happen, come to pass, take placeto pass, be currentto be accepted to have a specified issue turn out so and soto move away, depart to relinquishto take one's way, proceedgomove in a specified directiongoandto applybetake oneselfto turnbetake oneselfgoto be carried, moved, impelledto pass, be paid, be allottedto be appropriatedto be one of the constituent elements be amongst the conditions requisiteto amount, be equivalentto attain, reach, extendto come to take precedence of.to produce, came out withto accompany, be withto be uttered to begin, startto go to the closet, have an evacuationto leave a permanent habitationoccupation to proceed to the business of a court

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Th. i. 142, 2. by a substantive (with tó) denoting (or implying) an action to be performed Gǽð hé tó medo, B. 603. Eóde hé fǽmnan tó sprǽce he went to have speech with the maiden . Jul. 89. Tó geþæhtunge eódun consilio inito Mt. R. 27, 7.

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

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Wénen hí him máran méde tó . . . Gif hí him máran méde tó ne wénaþ. Past. 59; Swt. 449, 12-13. Hé ðé worhte tó me, Cd. Th. 50, 32; Gen. 817. Hé gewyrceþ tó wera hilde helm oþþe hupseax, Exon. Th. 297, 5; Crä. 63.

Linked entry: -anne

ge-wítan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Hié niðer mid gewitan in midde þá neowolnesse descenderunt in medium baratri, Bd. 5, 12; Sch. 620, 19. Gewite of gecyndlime procederes (i. exires) de uulua, An. Ox. 1495. by dat. Heó ( Hagar ) gewát engles lárum hire hláfordum (cf.

CRÆFT

(n.)
Grammar
CRÆFT, es; m.

powermightstrength as of body or externals visroburpotentiaan artskillCRAFTtradework arsperitiaartificiumoccupatioopuscraft of mind, cunning, knowledge, science, talent, ability, faculty, excellence, virtue astutia, machinatio, scientia, facultas, præstantia, virtusa CRAFTany kind of ship navis qualiscunque

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power, might, strength as of body or externals; vis, robur, potentia On ðam gefeohte Mǽða cræft gefeól in that battle the power of the Medes fell Ors. l, 12; Bos. 35, 43.

twégen

(n.; num.; adj.)
Grammar
twégen, (twegen? In the later MSS. of the Gospels tweigen and twegen are found, but ei may represent earlier e, e. g. weig, Lk. 1, 79, eige, 2, 9; or é, e. g. wreigende, 23, 10, wreigeð, 23, 14: Layamon has tweiȝe, tweien: in the Ormulum the form is tweȝȝen); m.: twá, twuá; f.: tú, tuu, twá; n.: gen. twéga, twégea, tweágea, twíga, twégera, twégra (later Gospels have tweigre, tweire); dat. twám, twǽm. Besides these West Saxon are the following forms, nom. acc. twǽgen, twœgen, tuoegi, tuoege, tuóge, tuoe, tué; m.: f. tuoege: gen. tuoega, tuoe, twégen, tuoegara,twoegra, tuoera.
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Móna se twá and twéntigoðe, Lchdm. iii. 194, 17. with the force of an adverb Hé tódǽlde hig twá divisit ea per medium, Gen. 15, 10. Ðǽr wearþ micel gefeoht tuá (tuwa in three MSS. ) on geáre, Chr. 885; Erl. 84, 7.

Linked entries: tuu twá

ge-métan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Ic nǽfre þé ǽr gemétte þus méðne, Gú. 988. Gemétte hé his gaþoftan slǽpende, Bd. 3, 27; Sch. 320, 21: Bl. H. 145, 6. Hé gemétte þá wríteras wrítende, Gr. D. 35, 33. Hweðer hé cwicne gemétte Wedra þeóden, B. 2785.

þeów

(n.)
Grammar
þeów, es; þeówa, an; m.
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Ða þeówan drincaþ medo, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 17. Micel menigu Godes ðeówa (ðiówa, Hatt. MS.), Past. pref.; Swt. 4, 11. Wítniendra þiówa lictorum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 77. Seó myccle menigo heora þeówa, Blickl. Homl. 99, 34.

LǼTAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼTAN, p. lét, leórt; pp. lǽten. The ellipsis of a verb in the infinitive, the meaning of which may be inferred from the context, not unfrequently takes place after lǽtan; and the connection of many of the meanings which follow with the simple one seems explainable in this way.

to LETallowpermitsufferto letlet gogive updismissleaveforsakeletto letcausemakegethavecause to beplace make as ifmake outprofesspretendestimateconsidersupposethinkto behave towardstreatto let

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Piers P. iv. 160-161 moste peple ... leten mekenesse a maistre and Mede a mansed schrewe. Loue lete of hir liȝte and lewte ȝit lasse: Orm. 7523- uss birrþ lætenn unnorneliȝ and litell off uss sellfenn and lætenn wel off oþre menn], L. I.

Linked entries: aweg-lǽtan leórt

án

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)
Entry preview:

Ná ꝥ wé ána ( we without effort on our part ) habbon ús ðone wurðmynt, ac swá man máre swincð, swá man máran méde hæfð, 57, 161

in

(prep.)
Grammar
in, prep.
Entry preview:

Hiora in ánum weóll sefa, B. 2599. (1 a) where a place is defined by a characteristic :-- Méde on heofonum, sigorleán in swegles wuldre, Jud. 345: Dan. 404. (1 b) with proper names of countries, towns, &c. :-- In (on, v.l. ) Breotone, Bd. 2, 12

se

(con.; pronoun.)
Grammar
se, sió, Lchdm. ii. 260, l; m.: seó, ðeó, Blickl. Homl. 65, 13; se, Lchdm. ii. 228, 8; f.: ðæt; n.
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Wæs se engel sprecende tó úres Drihtnes méder, Blickl. Homl. 5, 2. Seó heofon biþ gefeallen æt ðǽm feówer endum middangeardes, 93, 4. Seó eorþe, Lchdm. iii. 254, 15. Seó sǽ and se móna geþwǽrlǽcaþ him betweónan, 268, 12. Seó lyft the air, 272, 20.

for-lǽtan

to letpermitallowsufferto sufferto letgrantto leaveto leaveto leaveconsumingto leave aloneleave undoneabstain fromneglectto leave outomitto spareleave toto leavequitto abandonforsakedesertabandonto leaveto leaveto leavedieto defendto abandonto leaveto abandonto leaveto leave ofgive upto abandonabandonto let goto restrainto releaserestoreto give uprelinquishto remitforgiveto loseto put awaydismisslay asideto send

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Búton méde forlǽten (-an, MS.) left unrewarded, Hml. S. 30, 20. with infin.: Áhófon hié hine of þám wíte, forléton mé þá hilderincas standan (they left me standing), Kr. 61. Ne forlǽt þú ús on wítum wunian, Bl.

þurh

(prep.)
Grammar
þurh, þurg, þuruh, þorh, þorch, þerh, þerih, þærh; prep.

Throughthroughforduringthroughbythroughbyby means ofby use ofthroughin consequence ofas the result ofby reason ofon account ofthroughfromthroughin virtue ofby right ofinbyin the character ofby way ofinwithwith a view tothroughbyin

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Ic þurh ðín hús middan eode perambulabam in medio domus meae, Ps. Th. 100, 2. Ðæt fýr nimeþ þurh foldan gehwæt, Exon. Th. 62, 18; Cri. 1003. temporal, marking continuity, through, for, during Ðurh twégen dagas per biduum, Bd. 4, 19; S. 589, 2.

cyning

(n.)
Grammar
cyning, cyng,es; m. [cyn people, -ing originating from, son of] .

a king, ruler, emperor rex, imperator a spiritual King, God, Christ Deus, Christusthe devildiabŏlus, satănas Anglo-Saxon kings were at first elected from a family or class, by Witena gemót the assembly of the wise. fidelity was sworn to them by the people, in the following words the king took a corresponding oath to his peoplethe Anglo-Saxon king had royal power to pardon transgressors of all forfeits the king had one halfall hoards above the earth, and within the earth. As we learn from Beowulf, in early and heathen times, much treasure was buried in the mound raised over the ashes of the dead, besides what was burned with the body Pastus or ConviviumThe king visited different districts personally or by deputy to see that justice was done to all his subjects. In these periodical journeys the king received support and entertainment wherever he went. Hence perhaps the privileges of our judges Vigilia head ward, or a proper watch set over the king, which he claimed when he came into any district the mint or coinage of money. The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium

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The king exercised a superintendence over the circulating medium.

þing

(n.)
Grammar
þing, es; n.
Entry preview:

S. 24; Th. i. 390, 14. a meeting, court An medle oþþe an þinge, L. H. E. 8; Th. i. 30, 12. Hé Freán gesihð faran tó þinge ( the meeting held at the day of judgement ), Exon. Th. 57, 32; Cri. 927. Þing gehégan to hold a meeting, Andr.

habban

Grammar
habban, A.
Entry preview:

Gé woldon habban méde æt fræmdra monna cwiddunge, Bt. 18, 4; F. 66, 24.

wís-dóm

(n.)
Grammar
wís-dóm, es; m.

wisdomdiscretionknowledge cognizancewisdom knowledge learning philosophy

Entry preview:

wisdom, discretion Wísdóm (sapientia) ys gerihtwísud fram heora bearnum, Mt. Kmbl. II, 19; Lk. Skt. II, 49. Wæs his módsefa manegum gecýðed, wíg and wísdóm, Beo. Th. 705 ; B. 350. Ðæt hé ða yldestan lǽrde ðæt heó wísdómes word oncneówan ut senes prudentiam

-anne

(suffix)
Grammar
-anne, -enne, -ende the termination of the declinable infinitive in the dat. governed by to, as, = Ondréd to faranne timuit ire, Mt. Jun. and Th. 2, 22, but the B. MS. of A. D. 995 has farende, also Foxe, Bos. and the Rl. MS. about A. D. 1145. The Lind., about A. D. 957, has farenne [MS. færenne]. Alýfe me to farenne permitte me ire, Mt. Bos. 8, 21, and B. MS. about A. D. 995. Sometimes -ende is found, because -enne = ende, as in the preceding example farende about A. D. 995. Themost usual form is -anne, from the infin. -an; g. -annes; dat. -anne.

Linked entries: -an -ende -enne

be-hídan

(v.)
Grammar
be-hídan, p. -hídde

To hideabscondere

Entry preview:

To hide; abscondere Forðamðe ic eom nacod, ic behídde me quod nudus essem, abscondi me Gen. 3, 10, 8

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Add: dat. mec Secgað mec dicite mihi, Nar. 25, 11. Hwæþer hié mec sóð sægdon, 30