Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

þing

(n.)
Grammar
þing, es; n.
Entry preview:

Þing sceal gehégan fród wiþ fródne, biþ hyra ferð gelíc, Exon. Th. 334, 19; Gn. Ex. 18. Ic wið Grendel sceal ána gehegan ðing, Beo. Th. 856; B. 426

(prep.)
Grammar
tó, prep. adv.

to, atso as to producebecometo (the satisfaction, etc. )to some end,for some purposefornext to,at,by,alongsidein,onnext toaftertoasfortoasforat,inof,fromto (in to do something to anything)according to,at,aftercompared to,in comparison with,besidein addition to,besidesfor,atto be sufferedatin the course of,in,onfor,duringtoto,forin,atto the extent,to such a degreeto,up to,until,tillat,in,onin addition,besides,tootoo

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férde tó ðam munte, Gen. 19, 30. Féran tó ðissum dimman hám, Cd. Th. 271, 27; Sat. 111. Bryne stígeþ tó heofonum, Exon. Th. 233, 7; Ph. 521. Conon gelende tó ðære byrig, Ors. 3, 1; Swt. 98, 23. Néðan tó hilde, Cd. Th. 124, 11; Gen. 2061.

Linked entry: -anne

standan

(v.)
Grammar
standan, p. stód, pl. stódon; pp. standen
Entry preview:

férde ðurh his menniscnysse, and hé stód þurh ða godcundnysse, 156, 34. Hwæt stondaþ gé hér? Blickl. Homl. 123, 21.

Linked entries: stondan for-stent

wíse

(n.)
Grammar
wíse, an: wís, e; f.

a wise waymannermodefashionstate conditionan arrangementinstructiona dispositiondirectionconditiona thingres negotiuma causereasonres

Entry preview:

Ne scyle nán wís monn gnornian tó hwæm his wíse weorþe, oððe hwæþer him cume þe réþu wyrd þe líþu vir sapiens moleste ferre non debet, quoties in fortunae certamen adducitur, Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 8.

Linked entry: wís-fæst

A

(prefix)
Grammar
A, A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, and the soft ð in thine and soo
Entry preview:

Ger. ar-peran ferre, efferre; A. Sax. á-scínan, O. H. Ger. ir-scínan clarescere.

híran

(v.)

to hearto hearto hearto give earhearkenlistenTo listen toto obeyto obeyto obeyto be subject toto serveerrorto belong toauthorityjurisdictionof a dueprivilegeoccupationofficehear ofbe told

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Nóe fremede swá hine Nergend héht, hýrde heofon-cyninge, Gen. 1315: 1493 'Hát bútú áweg féran' . . . þá se wer hýrde his waldende, 2803: Exod. 410. Suna ic lǽrde ꝥ hié hýrdon heora yldrum (cf. Filii, obedite parentibus vestris, Eph. 6, 1), Bl.

ge-weorþan

Entry preview:

Hú gewearð þé þus, fæder, ferð gebysgad?, Gú. 984. Gewyrðe his nama ádílgad deleatur nomen ejus. Ps. Th. 108, 13. Foretácna mǽst þára þe gewurde monnum oðýwed, Cri. 894. Cearu wæs geníwod geworden, B. 1304. Syndon hí gewordene tólýsde, Ps.

tún

(n.)
Grammar
tún, es; m.
Entry preview:

. : ferme, Tindal), Lk. Skt. 14, 18 : Homl. Th. ii. 372, 19-21. Iosep sealde his gebróðrum tún (possessionem), Gen. 47, II. Fegerne tún timbrian, Shrn. 163, 16. Túnas territorii, Wrt. Voc. ii. 76, 68.

Linked entry: bold

in

(prep.)
Grammar
in, prep.
Entry preview:

Lǽtað gáres ord in gedúfan in fǽges ferð, An. 1334. ¶ with proper names :-- Ðá férdon Peohtas in (on, v.l.) Breotone, Bd. 1. 1; Sch. 11, 20. (1 a) with innan :-- Engel in þone ofn innan becwóm, Dan. 638. Hé biereð in þæt treów innan torhte frætwe.

on

(prep.)
Grammar
on, an ; prep. adv. A.

expressing local relations, rest upon and contact with an object, ondependence upon an objectextension over a surfacenearnessin or at a place, or with a personrest where one object is contained in another, or is surrounded by others, within, among; and metaphorically inmarking the seat of feeling, thought, etc., in, within, at on, at, in within, in the course of, in, during on, a-fromon, in, at by, with of, consisting of or inin respect to, in the matter of, inin, ofat (a distance), of (the weight of),with, inin accordance withofinmotion, actual or figurative, which is external to the object expressed by the word which on governs, upon, on, on to, tomarking motion from without to the inside, into, among continuously, together, anon, at once expressing temporal relations,on, in, atinto (one's power, etc. )against in accordance withmarking the object of thought, emotion, speech, trust, sightmarking pricein (the name of), by (in adjuration)

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Ðá férde hé tó heofonum, him on lócigendum while they looked on, Homl. Th. i. 294, 1. Déþ hé wyrplas on, Exon. Th. 332, 19; Vy. 87. Hine on cymeþ wracu. Cd. Th. 63, 33; Gen. 1041. Hine Abraham on his ágene hand sette, 167, 17; Gen. 2767.

Linked entries: an un-reordian

findan

to come acrossto obtainfindto meet withexperiencebe exposed tofind difficultyprocureto visitlearnarrangesettleto determineto supplyprovidefurnish

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D. 28, 8. þæt hé andsware ǽnige ne cunne findan on ferhð, Met. 22, 52; Cri. 184. to come to the knowledge of a fact, learn He fand þurh lársmiðas hwǽr áhangen wæs rodora waldend, El. 202. to ascertain by calculation Swá hit úðwitan fundan, Men. 166.

sculan

(v.)
Grammar
sculan,  sceolan; ic, hé sceal, scal, ðú scealt, pl. wé sculon, sceolon ; p. sceolde, scolde, scealde, scalde; subj.
Entry preview:

Nú ic eówer sceal frumcyn witan, ǽr gé furþur féran, Beo. Th. 508; B. 251. Ic forworht hæbbe hyldo ðíne, forðon ic lástas sceal weán on wénum wíde lecgan, Cd. Th. 63, 3; Gen. 1026.

Linked entries: ge-scola sceal

ge-wyrcan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Geworht confecta (ornamentorum gloria ex ferri instrumentis confecta Ald. 8, 24), Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 28. Orþoncum geworht, Rä. 69, 3. Hwæþer þú swelces áuht wyrcan mæge oððe geworhtes habbe, Bt. 14, l ; F. 40, 26.

LǼTAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼTAN, p. lét, leórt; pp. lǽten. The ellipsis of a verb in the infinitive, the meaning of which may be inferred from the context, not unfrequently takes place after lǽtan; and the connection of many of the meanings which follow with the simple one seems explainable in this way.

to LETallowpermitsufferto letlet gogive updismissleaveforsakeletto letcausemakegethavecause to beplace make as ifmake outprofesspretendestimateconsidersupposethinkto behave towardstreatto let

Entry preview:

Ðá onlýsde hé hine and lét hine féran æfter ðam biscope absolvit eum, et post Theodorum ire permisit, Bd. 4, 1; S. 565, 3.

Linked entries: aweg-lǽtan leórt

secgan

(v.)
Grammar
secgan, secgean, secggan, secggean, sæcgan ; p. sægde, sǽde; pp. sægd, sǽd. [Forms as from an infin. sagian—sagast, sagaþ ; p. sagode; imp. saga, are given here.]
Entry preview:

Seó bóc segþ, hú hé férde, 6, 5. Heó mé sagaþ, ðæt . . . , Exon. Th. 246, 30 ; Jul. 69. Swá Arculfus sagaþ, ðæt hé gesáwe . . . , Shrn. 95, 31.

ge-seón

(v.)
Grammar
ge-seón, [For first two lines substitute: <b>ge-seón,</b> ge-sión, ic-seó, -sió, -sié, þú-sihst, -siehst, -syhst, -syxt, hé-sihþ, -siehð, -seohþ, -syhþ, -seóþ, pl. -seóþ, -sióþ; p. ic, hé -seah, -seh, þú-sáwe, -sége, pl. -sáwon, -ségon, -seágon, -sǽgon ; imp. -seoh, -seah, pl. -seóþ; subj. prs. ic-seó, -sió, -sié ; p. -sáwe, -sége; pp. -sewen, -seowen, -segen, -seogen, -sawen (-sáw- ?). Northern and Mercian forms: ge-seá, -seán, -sión, ic -seóm, -sióm, -siúm, þú -siist, -síst, -seǽs, hé -siið, -siis, -síþ, -sís ; pl. -seáþ, -siáþ, -seás ; p. ic, hé -sæh, -sægh, -seh, þu -sége, pl. -ségon, -sǽgon ; imp. -sæh, -sægh, -seh, -sech, -sih, pl. -seaeþ, -siáþ; subj. prs. -sé, -see, -sié, -sii,pl. sén; p. -sége ; part. prs. -siónde, -siénde, -séende, -segende ; pp. -segen, -segn, -séen To see.]
Entry preview:

Geseóð sorga mǽste synfá men sárig-ferðe, Cri. 1082. Blǽdes and blisse þe hý geseóð, 1257. Wǽre hié fundon, wuldor gesáwon, hálige heáhtreówe, Exod. 387. Hí bóte gesáwon, 582. Ðú gesee ðá gód sind, Ps. Srt. 127, 5.

hwá

Entry preview:

(ii) of things :-- Sum blind þearfa gehýrde myccle menigo féran; þá áhsode hé hwæt þæt wǽre, Bl. H. 15, 17. Hé áscode hwæt hyt sóðes wǽre for hwig hym man swá fǽrlíce æfter sende, Hml. A. 184, 94. Hú ne wást þú hwæt (ꝥ, v. l. ) wé cweþaþ.

ymb

(prep.)
Grammar
ymb, ymbe, umbe, embe, emban; prep.
Entry preview:

Ǽfre ymbe geáres ymbrynum, Lchdm. iii. 238, 25. figurative Hé férde embe sumere neóde, Homl. Th. ii. 508, 15. without a case Æghwider ymb swá swá Édwines ríce wǽre sum imperium Aeduini pervenerat, Bd. 2, 16; S. 519, 38.

weorþan

(v.)
Grammar
weorþan, (wurþan, wyrþan); p. wearþ, pl. wurdon; pp. worden.
Entry preview:

Ðú mihtest ðé féran betwyx ðám tunglum, and ðonne weorþan on ðam rodore, Bt. 36, 2; Fox 174, 11. On ðæm rodere ufan weorþan, Met. 24, 18. with adverbs Gif eáge of weorð if an eye comes out, L. Ethb. 43; Th. i. 14, 8.

be

restbyalong,by, not later thanbyduringbywithconveyance, by (in to send by) subject toin the case ofin the matter ofinwith(to do) byor abouttowith(to become)ofbybecause ofon account offor the sake ofbyby means ofby the use ofby way ofin the form ofafter according toafterby the commandat the request

Entry preview:

A. 36, 2. marking that from which action results, by the command, at the request:-- Hé férde be his hláfordes hǽse, Gen. 24, 10. Gif þeów mon wyrce on Sunnandæg be his hláfordes hǽse, Ll. Th. i. 104, 2.