Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

fæst

constant ⬩ firm ⬩ steadfast ⬩ fixed ⬩ unchangeable ⬩ firm ⬩ secure ⬩ stubborn ⬩ unyielding ⬩ firm ⬩ solid ⬩ compact ⬩ strong ⬩ firm ⬩ strong ⬩ fortified ⬩ unbroken ⬩ undisturbed ⬩ standard

Entry preview:

Biþ óþer ende fæst on þǽre nafe, óþer on ðǽre felge, 39, 7; F. 222, 3: Rä. 22, 13. Wudu wyrtum fæst the wood firm fixed by its roots, B. 1364.

Linked entries: fæste fæstes fæstlíce fæstnes

sulung

(n.)
Grammar
sulung, e; f. A Kentish word for a certain quantity of land, derived, like carrucata, from a name of the plough; from its origin it might mean, so much land as could be cultivated by one plough. From the first two passages given below it would seem that the sulung was equivalent to two hides (manentes), and later a solanda, which is probably the same word, is said 'per se habere duas hidas.' v. Seebohm, Vill. Comm., p. 54. But perhaps it may be inferred that both hide and sulung were considered as on the same footing as regards the plough. Thus to the gebúr with his gyrd landes, i. e. one quarter of a hide, are to be given two oxen, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 23, while a gift of half a sulung is accompanied by the further gift of four oxen, Chart. Th. 470, 9-14. v. Seebohm, pp. 138-9, and generally. In the Domesday Survey of Kent the assessment was given by solins, and the word remained in use. v. Pegge's Kenticisms, s.v.
Entry preview:

sulling Aliquam terrae partiunculam, hoc est duarum manentium ... ritu Cantiae án sulung dictum, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 249, 19. Terrae particula duarum manentium, id est, án sulung, 250, 8. Yc gean intó Cristes cyrican on Cantwarabyrig ðæs landes æt Holungaburnan

Linked entry: swulung

helm

a helmet ⬩ a crown ⬩ diadem ⬩ the top ⬩ crown ⬩ cover ⬩ concealment ⬩ a covering

Entry preview:

Þeán ceorlisc geþeó ꝥ hé hæbbe helm and byrnan . . . gif hé ꝥ land nafað hé bið ceorl swá þeáh, Ll. Th. i. 188, 8. a crown, diadem Sitt þonne swegles brytta on heáhsetle helme beweorðod (gewurþod, Wlfst. 137, 17), Dóm. L. 118.

ge-streón

Entry preview:

Nǽnig man on worlde tó ðæs mycelne welan nafað, ne tó ðon módelico gestreón, Bl. H. 111, 24. Æðelinga gestreón, frætwe and fǽt gold, B. 1920: 3167. Gestrión, Met. i. 23. Þás lǽnan gestreón, ídle ǽhtwelan, Ap. 83. Gestrióna thesauros, Mt. L. 6, 19.

wed

(n.)
Grammar
wed, wedd, es; n.

a pledge, what is given as security ⬩ a pledge, what is given as security ⬩ a pledge, solemn promise, engagement, covenant, compact

Entry preview:

Nafa ðú nánes þearfan wedd ( pignus ) mid ðé nihtlangne fyrst, Deut. 24, 12. Gif ðú wed nime æt ðínum nǽhstan si pignus a proximo tuo acceperis, Ex. 22, 26. Genime mon .vi. sciłł. weorð wed, L. In. 49; Th. i. 132, 13.

Linked entries: bád borg-wed borh-wed

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

hwilc

Entry preview:

Gif mon ánra hwilc ofslóh, 39, 4; F. 216, 21. combined with swá. adjectival Swá hwylc man swá mildheortnesse nafað, Bl. H. 13, 22 : 49, 12. Swá hwylc lác swá munus quodcumqve Mt. 15, 5. substantival Swá hwylc swá ne gelýfeþ, Bl. H. 153, 17.

weorold

(n.)
Grammar
weorold, (-uld), weorld, worold (-uld, -eld), world, e; f. (but se woruld, Prov. Kmbl. 40: worldes, Lk. Skt. l, 70: ðissum worulde, Met. 10, 70)
Entry preview:

Nafa ðú tó yfel ellen, ðeáh ðé sum unwilla on becume; oft brincð se woruld ðone willan ðe bið eft, Prov. Kmbl. 40. Onwendeþ wyrda gesceaft weoruld under heofonum, Exon. Th. 292, 31; Wand. 107

Linked entries: weorld weoruld werold weruld world woruld

gán

to go ⬩ walk ⬩ to move along, proceed ⬩ to take a specified course ⬩ to be guided ⬩ determined ⬩ to be habitually in a specified condition ⬩ to go ⬩ be pregnant ⬩ to pass, elapse ⬩ to happen, come to pass, take place ⬩ to pass, be current ⬩ to be accepted ⬩ to have a specified issue ⬩ turn out so and so ⬩ to move away, depart ⬩ to relinquish ⬩ to take one's way, proceed ⬩ go ⬩ move in a specified direction ⬩ go ⬩ and ⬩ to apply ⬩ betake oneself ⬩ to turn ⬩ betake oneself ⬩ go ⬩ to be carried, moved, impelled ⬩ to pass, be paid, be allotted ⬩ to be appropriated ⬩ to be one of the constituent elements ⬩ be amongst the conditions requisite ⬩ to amount, be equivalent ⬩ to attain, reach, extend ⬩ to come ⬩ to take precedence of. ⬩ to produce, came out with ⬩ to accompany, be with ⬩ to be uttered ⬩ to begin, start ⬩ to go to the closet, have an evacuation ⬩ to leave a permanent habitation ⬩ occupation ⬩ to proceed to the business of a court

Entry preview:

174, 2. where the prominent notion is that of destination or direction. of self-originated motion or action, to take one's way, proceed to a place or person, go into a place, move in a specified direction Dol bið si þe gǽð on deóp wæter, sé þe sund nafað

lytes-ná

(adv.)
Grammar
lytes-ná, lytes-ne, lytest-ne; adv.

Almost ⬩ nearly

Entry preview:

Almost, nearly, within a little Lytesná concedam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 104, 49. Lytisná, 14, 65: Ep. Gl. 7 d, 31. Wæs his ríce brád wíd ofer werþeóde lytesná ofer ealne yrmenne grund his realm was broad, wide over mankind, almost over all the world, Exon. 66

Linked entry: ná

ná-hwǽrn

(adv.)
Grammar
ná-hwǽrn, (?), -wérn; adv.

No-where

Entry preview:

No-where Náwem non usquam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 9 : 95, 8. Cf. ǽgwérn, Ors. Swt. 154, 22

Linked entries: ná-wérn -hwǽrn

ná-hwanon

(adv.)
Grammar
ná-hwanon, adv.

From nowhere

Entry preview:

From nowhere Sió his gesǽlþ him náhwonan útane ne com, ac wæs simle on him selfum, Bt. 34. 7; Fox 144, 20

Linked entry: á-hwanon

lim-gesihþ

(n.)
Grammar
lim-gesihþ, physical vision, sight by means of the bodily eye (? cf. A man has na lym þat he is warere wiþ þan wiþ his eghe, Hamp. Ps. 16, 9. Þe lyme of syȝte
Entry preview:

organum visus, N. E. D. under limb; I) Ealle menn árísað mid limgesihðum (corporibus), Ps. Rdr. 301, 4

Linked entry: ge-siht

ná-hwǽrn

Entry preview:

Add: See preceding word

ná-hwæþer

Entry preview:

Add: as adjective Náðrum werode ne becymð nǽfre nán ende, Hml. Th. ii. 608, 9. God hine ne neádode on náðre healfe, Hex. 22, 30. <b>I a.</b> as a grammatical term, neuter :-- Neutrum is náðor cynn . . . ðis cyn gebyrað oftost tó náðrum cynne

ná-hwider

Entry preview:

Hé nóhwider ofer ꝥ cumon ne mæg, Bt. 36, 5 ; F. 180, 24. Martinus nolde út of þám mynstre náhwider, Hml. S. 31, 257. Þá hig woldon hig lǽdan, þá ne myhton hig náhwyder hig onstyrian, Shrn. 154, 25. Heora fiðera ne mihton náhwider hí áberan, gif hí ne

ná-wiht

Grammar
ná-wiht, <b>. I a.</b>
Entry preview:

Add Deófol mót ǽlces mannes áfandigan, hwæðer hé áht sý oððe náht, Hml. Th. i. 268, 12. Ne frign ðú unc nóhtes má ne ne áxa caue ne no; ulterins scisciíeris, Nar. 32, 6. Ne byþ ꝥ tó náhte that will be good for nothing, Lch. i. 344, 25. Oð hit mid ealle

EÁGE

(n.)
Grammar
EÁGE, ége; gen. dat. -an; acc. -e; pl. nom. acc. -an, -on; gen. -ena, -na; dat. -um, -on; n.

EYE ⬩ ocŭlus ⬩ the eye of a needle ⬩ forāmen

Entry preview:

an EYE ; ocŭlus Gyf ðín swýðre eáge ðé ǽswície si ocŭlus tuus dexter scandalīzat te, Mt. Bos. 5, 29. Mínra eégna leóht light of my eyes, Exon. 67 a; Th. 248, 14; Jul. 95. Eágena gesihþ the sight of the eyes. Andr. Kmbl. 60; An. 30. Eágum to wynne to

Linked entry: ége

ná

(adv.)
Grammar
ná, <b>, nó;</b> adv.

No ⬩ not ⬩ non

Entry preview:

No, not; non. Grammar ná, qualifying a verb expressed or implied, Grammar ná, without any other negative particle Ná cunne nesciat, Wülck. Gl. 257, 28. Fela gódra háma ðe wé genemnan ná cunnan, Chr. 1001; Erl. 136, 29. Fremde ná heom God setton on gesyhþe

Linked entries: ne nó

ná-hwǽr

(adv.)
Grammar
ná-hwǽr, -hwár, -wér; adv.

no-where ⬩ in no place ⬩ in no case ⬩ never ⬩ in no respect ⬩ not at all

Entry preview:

no-where, in no place Ná-hwǽr nusquam, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 55. Ðú ne ætstande náhwár on ðisum earde nec stes in omni circa regione, Gen. 19, 17. Hé sóhte his wǽpnu, ac hé ne geseah hí náhwǽr, Homl. Skt. 3, 257 : Blickl. Homl. 59, 20 : 181, 23. Ðeáh

Linked entry: á-hwǽr

Copyright

All the data provided here are free for any purpose. If you use the data for academic purposes, we ask that you kindly cite us as your source. In case you need a large portion of the dictionary data or you need it in a specific format, let us know through the contact form, we are happy to do custom database dumps for researchers.

How to cite

You can cite the entries of the online version of the dictionary, or you can cite the scanned pages of the original paper editions.

  • To cite the online version of the dictionary, click the icon right under the entry.
  • To cite the scanned paper version of the dictionary, click the "show/hide this scanned page" link under the entry, check the scan and use the citation information right above it.