Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

wana

(n.; adj.)
Grammar
wana, adj. generally indeclinable. I.

wanting ⬩ lacking ⬩ absent ⬩ to be wanting ⬩ wanting for the completion of a number

Entry preview:

As appears especially in the first of the following passages, the word and the numerals which precede and follow it as much form a compound as do the words which give the number they express in modern English :-- Hé wæs áne-wana-xxx-wintre (xxix wintra

tácn

(n.)
Grammar
tácn, ,es; n.

A token, sign ⬩ a sign, significant form ⬩ an ensign ⬩ a token, a credential ⬩ a sign, monument ⬩ a sign of the Zodiac ⬩ a sign, distinguishing mark (lit. or fig.) ⬩ a sign to attract attention, a signal ⬩ a sign of anything future, a prognostic ⬩ a sign, an action that conveys a meaning ⬩ a sign, indication, mark which shews condition or state ⬩ </b> as a medical term, a symptom ⬩ a sign, symbol, emblem ⬩ a sign which shews the truth or reality of anything, proof, demonstration, evidence ⬩ a supernatural sign, miracle, prodigy ⬩ a signal event, remarkable circumstance

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Kmbl. 1704; El. 854. a supernatural sign, miracle, prodigy Ðis ( the turning of water into wine ) is ðæt forme tácn ðe hé on his menniscnysse openlíce geworhte, Homl. Th. i. 58, 14.

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
  • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
  • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

sár

(n.)
Grammar
sár, es; n.

pain, suffering, soreness ⬩ a pain, pang, sore, wound ⬩ grief, pain, ¨trouble, sorrow ⬩ a grief, sorrow, pain, wound

Entry preview:

Gif sió wamb biþ windes full, ðonne cymþ ðæt of wlacre wǽtan; sió cealde wǽte wyrcþ sár an . . . ðonne déþ ðæt ðæt sár áweg, Lchdm. ii. 224, 24. Nǽfre ðú þæs suíðlíc sár gegearwast heardra wíta, ðæt ðú mec onwende worda ðissa, Exon.

swincan

(v.)
Grammar
swincan, p. swanc, pl. swuncon; pp. swuncen.

to toil, labour, work with effort ⬩ to labour at, after, etc. , anything ⬩ to be troubled, travail, be in difficulty or distress

Entry preview:

Cumaþ tó mé ealle ðe swincaþ (wyrcas ł winnes, Lind. : winnaþ, Rush. laboraits). Mt. Kmbl. 11, 28: Met. 4, 56. Búton Drihten timbriende hús on ýdel swingaþ ( laboraverunt ) ða ðe timbriaþ, Ps. Spl. 126, 1.

LIBBAN

(v.)
Grammar
LIBBAN, p. lifde

To LIVE

Entry preview:

E.] him of Eást Seaxum they took up their winter quarters on the Thames and got their provisions out of Essex, Chr. l009; Erl. 143, 4 note. Swá ða drihtguman dreámum lifdon, Beo. Th. 199; B. 99. Swá swá diácon ðe regollíf libbe, L.

Linked entries: lifian be-libban

hrædlíce

(adv.)
Entry preview:

Th. i. 416, 16. in respect to time during which action continues, quickly, shortly, briefly Hý wǽron gebrytte swá hrædlíce swá swá hradu ýst windes scip tóbrycð, Ps. Th. 47, 6.

mid

Entry preview:

Add Gestód Róme*-*burg xii winter mid miclum welum, Ors. 6, 1; S. 254, 6. Hé geseah ǽnne wer standan mid átogenum sweorde vidit virum stantem, evaginatum tenentem gladium, Jos. 5, 13 : Hml. S. 25, 583.

holm

(n.)
Grammar
holm, es; m.

A mound, ⬩ hill, ⬩ rising ground ⬩ wave, ⬩ ocean, ⬩ water, ⬩ sea ⬩ land rising from the water, ⬩ an island in a river

Entry preview:

Windge holmas stormy seas, Exon. 20 a; Th. 53, 26; Cri. 856. Holma begang the way across the waters, Ps. Th. 138, 18: Andr. Kmbl. 390; An. 195: Bt. Met. Fox 11, 69; Met. 11, 30. Holma geþring, Beo. Th. 4271; B. 2132.

furþor

local ⬩ to or at a more advanced point of progress ⬩ to a greater degree or extent ⬩ more thoroughly ⬩ completely ⬩ denoting superiority ⬩ denoting greater importance or significance, more ⬩ denoting excess, beyond ⬩ over and above ⬩ denoting transgression ⬩ denoting increase ⬩ denoting continued action ⬩ later

Entry preview:

Ofer midne winter furðor fíf nihtum, 125

mund

(n.)
Grammar
mund, e; f.

a hand ⬩ a hand ⬩ protection ⬩ Guardianship ⬩ A protector ⬩ guardian ⬩ protection ⬩ guardianship extended by the king to the subject ⬩ the king's peace, by the head of a family to its members ⬩ the fine paid for violation of mund

Entry preview:

Win. 8; Th. i. 38, 16.

Linked entry: mundian

sóþ

(n.)
Grammar
sóþ, es; n.

Sooth ⬩ truth in a general sense ⬩ conformity with an absolute standard ⬩ truth ⬩ that which conforms to an absolute standard ⬩ truth ⬩ what is true in general ⬩ truth in regard to a particular circumstance ⬩ exact conformity with the facts of a case ⬩ truth ⬩ fidelity to a promise ⬩ truth ⬩ reality ⬩ certainty ⬩ real condition of things ⬩ what really is ⬩ affirmation of truth ⬩ asseveration ⬩ truth ⬩ conformity with right ⬩ righteousness ⬩ equity ⬩ justice

Entry preview:

Win. 18; Th. i. 40, 14. truth, conformity with right, righteousness, equity, justice Hú ic míne heortan heólde mid sóðe justificavi cor meum, Ps. Th. 72, 11. Ic sóð déme ego justitiam judicabo, 74, 2. Ðæt mǽre sóð justitiam tuam, 70, 18.

Linked entry: sóþ-cwide

be-gán

(v.)

passage ⬩ to go round ⬩ to reach by going ⬩ come upon ⬩ get at ⬩ to go ⬩ pass by ⬩ to go ⬩ come ⬩ get ⬩ to pass by ⬩ To come by ⬩ get at ⬩ to come ⬩ fall to one's lot ⬩ to fall ⬩ get into debt ⬩ to surround ⬩ to confine ⬩ to occupy ⬩ to go about a business ⬩ to attend to ⬩ to cultivate ⬩ to worship ⬩ to honour ⬩ venerate a place ⬩ to exercise, practise an art, mode of life, &amp;c. ⬩ to practise a religion ⬩ follow the dictates of ⬩ to practise ⬩ carry on ⬩ do (habitually) ⬩ to devote one's self to a practice ⬩ to exercise a person ⬩ to behave ⬩ to exercise in something ⬩ to exercise ⬩ use ⬩ employ ⬩ to profess ⬩ pretend

Entry preview:

Hé his folces ðeáwas beeóde, swilce hé on wín-geardes biggencge swnnce, Hml. Th. ii. 74, 26. Begá exerce (agrum tuum), Kent. Gl. 940. On begánum stówum. Lch. i. 142, 7. to worship Hwylcne god begǽst þú?, Nar. 41, 9. Begǽþ colit, i. venerat, Wrt.

ge-weorþan

Entry preview:

Hafað þæs geworden wine Scyldinga, þæt hé mid þý wífe wælfǽhða dǽl gesette, B. 2026. where two or more persons agree to a course of action, to be agreed, decided, settled by persons.

ge-irnan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Brydegume cymende giiorne ( occurrere ), Rtl. 106, 10. (1 b) with the idea of attack :-- Gelamp sume síðe, ðǽr hé sum gild bræc, ꝥ þǽr gearn mycel menigeo tó him . . . and ealle swíðe erre wǽron (cf.. to run to a place Georn xvi-wintre mǽden tó ðǽre

Linked entries: ge-urnen ge-yrnan

hé

(pronoun.)
Grammar
hé, [In p. 513, col. 1. l. 60 Enachis (Num. 13, 29) should be read for Enac his: cf. the accusative Enachim in Jos. 11. 21. For -is as gen. in foreign names cf. Num. 13, 11, 12.]
Entry preview:

Sete ðín wín, and lege ðínne hláf ofer ryhtwísra monna byrgenne, and ne et his nánwuht, Past. 327, 2.

wirsa

(adj.)
Grammar
wirsa, (wirra occurs once in the Chronicle); cpve.; wirrest, wirst; spve. adj.

Worse ⬩ worst

Entry preview:

Ǽlc man sylþ ǽrest gód wín, and ðonne hig druncene beóð ðæt ðe wyrse (wyrest, Rush.:wurresta, Lind., deterius) byð Jn. Skt. 2, 10. Hé ðæt betere geceás, and ðam wyrsan wiðsóc, Elen. Kmbl. 2078;El. 1040. On ðone wyrsan dǽl scyrede, Exon.

scír

(n.)
Grammar
scír, e; f.

office ⬩ charge ⬩ business ⬩ administration ⬩ government ⬩ a district ⬩ province ⬩ diocese ⬩ parish ⬩ the people of a district ⬩ a tribe ⬩ a shire ⬩ The people of a shire ⬩ the community inhabiting a shire ⬩ the district in charge of an ecclesiastic ⬩ a diocese ⬩ parish

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Hé wið ða scire (the office of bishop) ne winne, Past. 10, l; Swt. 61, 11. Hú dear se grípan on ða scíre ðæt hé ǽrendige óðrum monnum tó Gode qua mente apud Deum intercessionis locum pro populo arripit ? 10, 2; Swt. 63, 7.

þanan

(adv.)
Grammar
þanan, þonan (-on, -un, -en); adv.

thence ⬩ from that time, ⬩ after that ⬩ whence

Entry preview:

Ðý læs hé áfealle ðonon ðe hé fæsðlícost tó hopian scolde Past. 51; Swt. 395, 11. marking the point from or in regard to which direction or position is estimated Ðanon ðe hé blǽwþ him byþ nama gesett from the quarter that the wind blows is a name made

tó-weorpan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-weorpan, -werpan, -worpan, -wurpan, -wyrpan; p. -wearp, pl. -wurpon; pp. -worpen.

To throw in different directions ⬩ throw away ⬩ throw down ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ destroy ⬩ overthrow ⬩ to scatter ⬩ disperse ⬩ to break in pieces ⬩ scatter the parts of a connected whole ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to overturn ⬩ to throw down ⬩ destroy a building ⬩ demolish ⬩ to overthrow ⬩ to destroy the power of a person, ⬩ to destroy ⬩ to overthrow an institution, a practice, regulation, law, etc., ⬩ to put down ⬩ put an end to ⬩ destroy ⬩ make void ⬩ break ⬩ dissolve ⬩ to throw out

Entry preview:

Se wind tóweorpþ ðære rosan wlite. Bt. 9; Fox 26, 19. Tóweorpeþ (-worpeþ, MS. B.), Salm. Kmbl. 149; Sal. 74. Ða heargas áídlian and tóweorpan fana profanare, Bd. 2, 13; S. 516, 40.